Sexual differences in food intake, digestive tract size, and growth performance of the dab, Limanda limanda L.

1992 ◽  
Vol 29 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 223-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
JoséLuis Lozán
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Sexual Differences

Infection of American smelt in Lake Ontario and Lake Erie with the microsporidian parasite Glugea hertwigi (Weissenberg)

1972 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
pp. 1183-1188 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Chen ◽  
G. Power
Keyword(s):  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Lake Erie ◽  
Ovarian Tissue ◽  
Lake Ontario ◽  
Parasite Load ◽  
Sexual Differences ◽  
Striking Difference ◽  
Female Fish ◽  
Microsporidian Parasite ◽  
Male Fish

In samples taken monthly throughout the year the percentage of American smelt in Lake Ontario and Lake Erie containing cysts of Glugea hertwigi was 5.2% and 62.7% respectively. Sexual differences in incidence were observed, the significance of which was uncertain as results from the two lakes were contradictory.In male fish infection was almost entirely restricted to the digestive tract with few cysts in the liver, skin, and testes. In female fish the digestive tract and ovaries were similarly infected.Seasonal fluctuations in Glugea infection were obvious and seemed correlated with the gonadal cycle. In both sexes the highest parasite load corresponded with the onset of maturation.A striking difference in fecundity between the two smelt populations was attributed to the Glugea infection. In females parasite cysts replaced ovarian tissue, causing a reduction in the number of maturing eggs.

scholarly journals 362 Effect of a modified hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate adsorbent on the growth performance, nutrients digestibility, and digestive tract morphology of chicks challenged with T-2 toxin

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 129-130
Author(s):  
Kun-Tan Wu ◽  
Lv-hui Sun ◽  
Jin-Tao Wei ◽  
Ni-Ya Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Body Weight Gain ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Dietary Supplementation ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sodium Calcium ◽  
Calcium Aluminosilicate ◽  
Nutrients Digestibility

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the modified hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicate (HSCAS) adsorbent ability to reduce the toxicity of T-2 toxin in broilers. 96 one-day-old male broilers were randomly allocated to 4 experimental groups with 4 replicates of 6 birds each. The four groups 1–4 were received the basal diet (BD), BD plus 6.0 mg/kg T-2 toxin, BD plus 6.0 mg/kg T-2 toxin with 0.05% modified HSCAS adsorbent, BD plus 0.05% modified HSCAS adsorbent, respectively, for 2 weeks. The growth performance, nutrients digestibility, and digestive tract histopathology were analyzed. Compared with the control group, dietary supplementation of T-2 toxin decreased (P < 0.05) body weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion by 11.4–31.8% during d 1–7, d 8–14 and d 1–14. Dietary supplementation of T-2 toxin also decreased (P < 0.05) the apparent metabolic rate of crude protein, calcium, and total phosphorus by 14.9–16.1% during d 8–14. These alterations induced by T-2 toxin were mitigated or prevented (P < 0.05) by the supplementation of the modified HSCAS adsorbent. Meanwhile, dietary modified HSCAS adsorbent supplementation also prevented (P < 0.05) T-2 toxin-induced morphological changes and damage, such as severe degeneration and desquamation of the villous epithelial cells, congestion in intestinal lamina propria, and edema and thicken in the serosa with infiltration of numerous lymphoid cells, in the gizzard, duodenum, jejunum, and ileum of broilers. Notably, dietary supplementation of the modified HSCAS adsorbent alone did not affect (P > 0.05) any of those parameters. In conclusion, these findings indicate this novel HSCAS could be used as a promising adsorbent for protecting against T-2 toxin-induced toxicity in chicks (This work was supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China, Projects 2018YFD0500601 and 2016YFD0501207).

scholarly journals Formulation of Senescent Plantain Dish with Various Local Cereal and Leguminous Flours for Feeding Rats: Growth Performance Evaluation

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 124
Author(s):  
Kouadio N. Joseph ◽  
Akoa E. Edwige ◽  
Kra K. A. Séverin ◽  
Niamke L. Sébastien
Keyword(s):  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Food Intake ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Rice Flours

The aim of this study was to valorize senescent plantain. Therefore, a traditional dish named Dockounou was prepared with a mixture of senescent plantain and various millet, soybean, sorghum, cassava, maize or rice flours. The growth performance of several Wistar rats feed by Dockounou was followed. Thus, batches of rats were fed for 15 days with three formulations (F1, F2, F3) in proportion of 90:10, 80:20 and 75:25 (senescent plantain dough/flours) obtained after two cooking modes (dry cooking: baked ; wet cooking: boiled). The effects of these formulations were compared to control diet (C. diet). Beyond the control diet, rats fed with the soybean baked Dockounou presented, the best following growth parameters: weight gain (2.82 to 4.19 g/d), food intake (8.92 to 9.72 g/d), feed efficiency (0.10 to 0.42), proteins intake (8.28 to 19.67), proteins efficiency (0.13 to 3.15). The physicochemical and nutritive characteristics of soybean baked Dockounou were as follow: ash (2.93 ±0.15 %), proteins (10.62±0.59 %), carbohydrates (15.46±1.53 %), calcium (232.04 – 558.20 mg/100g), potassium (313.97 – 385.11 mg/100g), magnesium (42.40 – 72.22 mg/100g), sodium (211.24 – 303.85 mg/100g) and phosphorus (330.70 – 433.71 mg/100g). Also, the study showed that, two formulations, 80:20 and 75:25, have really impact on rats growth. These results suggest that soybean baked Dockounou with important proportions, 80 % and 75 %, of senescent plantain dough can be effectively used in the diet of laboratory Wistar rats regarding the good zoological performances there are obtained.

The effects of expander processing and by-product inclusion levels on performance of grower-finisher pigs

2001 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. V. O’Doherty ◽  
D. Murphy ◽  
S. G. McGlynn
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Digestible Energy ◽  
Ideal Protein ◽  
Kg Medium

AbstractSeventy-two entire male pigs (initially 28 kg body weight) were used to study the effects of by-product (pollard, rapeseed meal, peas and copra meal combined) inclusion level with or without expander processing, on growth performance and nutrient digestibility in a 3 ✕ 2 factorial arrangement of treatments. Productive performance and nutrient digestibility coefficients (no. = 6) were determined in individually fed pigs offered pelleted diets ad libitum containing a low by-product diet (350 g/kg), medium by-product diet (520 g/kg) and high by-product diet (752 g/ kg). The expanded diets were processed at 105ºC for 5 s at 35 bar pressure having been previously conditioned at 85ºC for 5 s. All diets were formulated using standard values for ingredients to have similar concentrations of digestible energy (DE) and ideal protein. Starch contents of 437, 401 and 314 g/kg and crude fibre contents of 48, 58 and 74 g/kg were recorded for the low, medium and high by-product diets respectively. No by-product level ✕ expander processing interactions (P > 0·05) were observed in growth criteria, carcass characteristics or nutrient digestibility. Expander processing decreased (P < 0·05) the apparent organic matter (OM), ash and energy digestibility of the diets, as well as the digestible energy content of the diets. The level of by-product in the diet had no statistically significant effect on the OM, protein and energy digestibility or the DE content of the diets. The increase in by-product inclusion levels decreased (P < 0·05) average daily gain (ADG) (0·899 v. 0·888 v. 0·854 (s.e. 0·014) kg/day) from 28 kg to slaughter and food intake (1·62 v 1·48 v 1·48 (s.e. 0·028) kg/day) in the 28 to 55 kg weight range. Expander processing had no effect on ADG, food intake or food conversion ratio. The increase in byproduct level decreased (P < 0·01) killing-out proportion (723 v 705 v 710 (s.e. 3·94) g/kg) and carcass ADG (0·684 v 0·651 v. 0·635 (s.e. 0·012) kg/day) (P < 0·05). Expander processing decreased (P < 0·05) killing out proportion (707 v. 718 (s.e. 3·22) g/kg). In conclusion, increasing the by-product content of the diet decreased ADG while expander processing had no effect on growth performance.

Digesta Passage Times in the Dugong

1995 ◽  
Vol 43 (2) ◽  
pp. 119 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Lanyon ◽  
H Marsh
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Fibre Material ◽  
Passage Rate ◽  
The West ◽  
Herbivorous Mammals ◽  
Digesta Passage ◽  
West Indian Manatee ◽  
Gut Passage Rate ◽  
Passage Times

The retention times of particulate digesta were measured in two captive dugongs, Dugong dugon (Muller 1776) using inert plastic markers. The mouth-to-anus retention times (146-166 h) were similar to those of the West Indian manatee, and much longer than those of most other herbivorous mammals. This slow gut passage rate may be explained by the dugong's long digestive tract, the low fibre level of the diet and the low food intake. Like the manatee, the dugong appears to have a digestive strategy that is atypical of hindgut fermenters: low-fibre material is retained for extended periods within the long hindgut and almost completely digested.

scholarly journals Influence of egg weight and inclusion of oat hulls in the diet on digestive tract traits and growth performance of brown pullets reared under stress conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (11) ◽  
pp. 5767-5777 ◽  
Author(s):  
J García ◽  
G Fondevila ◽  
L Cámara ◽  
R E Scappaticcio ◽  
L Aguirre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Digestive Tract ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Egg Weight ◽  
Oat Hulls
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