Synergistic effect of fungicides on resistant strains of Penicillium italicum and Penicillium digitatum

1988 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-85
Author(s):  
Angeles Díaz Borrás ◽  
Rafael Vila Aguilar ◽  
Enrique Hernández Giménez
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Penicillium Digitatum ◽  
Penicillium Italicum ◽  
Resistant Strains

scholarly journals Uso de fungicidas en el manejo postcosecha de limón persa (Citrus Latifolia)

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-111
Author(s):  
María del Rosario Dávila Lezama ◽  
Néstor Manuel Lorenzo Flores ◽  
Teresita Ramírez Hernández ◽  
María Alva Ángel Lara ◽  
Carlos Jesús Real Garrido
Keyword(s):  
Botrytis Cinerea ◽  
Geotrichum Candidum ◽  
Penicillium Digitatum ◽  
Rhizopus Stolonifer ◽  
Penicillium Italicum ◽  
Citrus Latifolia ◽  
Penicillium Spp

Estudios realizados, han identificado que los hongos responsables que limitan la vida de anaquel de los cítricos son principalmente: Penicillium digitatum (55-80%); Penicillium italicum (2-30%); Alternaria citri y A. alternata (8-15%); Botrytis cinerea (8-20%): Colletotrichum gloesporioides (2.5-6%); Geotrichum candidum (2-3%); Rhizopus stolonifer y R. oryzae (1-3%); Phytophtora citrophtora (2%) (Salvador et al., 2007). El objetivo del experimento Evaluar la efectividad de dos fingicidas  para el control de enfermedades provocadas por hongos en limón persa (Citrus latifolia) en postcosecha. El Proyecto se realizó en Cuajilote, Cuitláhuac, Ver. Trasladando las muestras al laboratorio general número 4 de la Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, región Orizaba-Córdoba, de la Universidad Veracruzana. Los tratamientos donde se aplicaron los fungicidas Bankit Gold® (Azoxystrobin + Fludioxonil) y Magnate Sulphate® (Imazalil) en limón persa (Citrus latifolia) en el proceso de postcosecha, no tuvieron presencia de patógenos que provocan daños en el fruto por lo cual los fungicidas cumplieron con su objetivo, sin embargo, el tratamiento 1 (testigo absoluto) tuvo presencia del patógeno Penicillium spp. en su evaluación a los 30 DDA, esto, basándonos en los resultados de los análisis microbiológicos de limón persa (Citrus latifolia), la contaminación por Penicillium spp. probablemente fue en el almacenamiento del limón persa (Citrus latifolia). Respecto a los resultados de las propiedades fisicoquímicas están dentro los parámetros de calidad.

Decay Detection in Citrus Fruits Using Hyperspectral Computer Vision

2012 ◽  
pp. 104-123
Author(s):  
Juan Gómez-Sanchis ◽  
Emilio Soria-Olivas ◽  
Delia Lorente-Garrido ◽  
José M. Martínez-Martínez ◽  
Pablo Escandell-Montero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Vision ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Vision System ◽  
Penicillium Digitatum ◽  
Machine Learning Techniques ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
Penicillium Italicum ◽  
Citrus Industry ◽  
Learning Techniques

The citrus industry is nowadays an important part of the Spanish agricultural sector. One of the main problems present in the citrus industry is decay caused by Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium italicum fungi. Early detection of decay produced by fungi in citrus is especially important for the citrus industry of distribution. This chapter presents a hyperspectral computer vision system and a set of machine learning techniques in order to detect decay caused by Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium italicum fungi that produce more economic losses to the sector. More specifically, the authors employ a hyperspectral system and artificial neural networks. Nowadays, inspection and removal of damaged citrus is done manually by workers using dangerous ultraviolet light. The proposed system constitutes a feasible and implementable solution for the citrus industry; this has been proven by the fact that several machinery enterprises have shown their interest in the implementation and patent of the system.

Individual and Combined Effects of Vanillin and Potassium Sorbate on Penicillium digitatum, Penicillium glabrum, and Penicillium italicum Growth

1999 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 541-542 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. MATAMOROS-LEÓN ◽  
A. ARGAIZ ◽  
A. LÓPEZ-MALO
Keyword(s):  
Water Activity ◽  
Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Penicillium Digitatum ◽  
Potassium Sorbate ◽  
Combined Effects ◽  
Fractional Inhibitory Concentration ◽  
Penicillium Italicum ◽  
The Individual

The individual and combined effects of potassium sorbate and vanillin concentrations on the growth of Penicillium digitatum, P. glabrum, and P. italicum in potato dextrose agar adjusted to water activity 0.98 and pH 3.5 were evaluated. Inhibitory concentrations of potassium sorbate varied from 150 ppm for P. digitatum to 700 ppm for P. glabrum, and for vanillin from 1,100 ppm for P. digitatum and P. italicum and 1,300 ppm for P. glabrum. Fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) isobolograms show curves deviated to the left of the additive line. Calculated FIC index varied from 0.60 to 0.84. FIC index as well as FIC isobolograms show synergistic effects on mold inhibition when vanillin and potassium sorbate are applied in combination.

Synergism Between Ethanolic Extract of Propolis (EEP) and Anti-Tuberculosis Drugs on Growth of Mycobacteria

1999 ◽  
Vol 54 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 549-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stan Scheller ◽  
Szymon Dworniczak ◽  
Krystian Waldemar-Klimmek ◽  
Marek Rajca ◽  
Anna Tomczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Bactericidal Activity ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Bacterial Activity ◽  
Active Components ◽  
Wild Strains ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Ethanolic Extract Of Propolis

Abstract Ethanolic extract of propolis exerts a strong anti-bacterial activity, in addition to antifungal. antiviral and antiprotozoal properties. In previous studies from these laboratories we have demonstrated that the intensity of the bactericidal activity of EEP is correlated with the virulence of the mycobacteria tested, and that EEP has a synergistic effect with antibiotics on growth of staphylococcus aureus. In the present study we investigated whether the same synergism and correlation exists between EEP and some anti-tuberculosis drugs on tubercu­losis mycobacteria with different degrees of virulence. Six standard strains and 11 wild strains of mycobacteria were exposed for 30 days to EEP, with or without streptomycin, rifamycin, isoniazid or ethambutol. Out of the 17 strains, 8 were resistant to at least two standard antibiotics, and were considered “multi-resistant strains”. The rest were either susceptible or resistant to only one of the antimycobacterial drugs. Antagonism was recorded only in one case, when Staphylococcus aureus were treated with a mixture of EEP and ethambutol, sug­gesting that a chemical bond could have been formed between this anti-tuberculosis anti­ biotic and one of the active components of the ethanol extract of propolis.

Inactivation of Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium italicum under In Vitro and In Vivo Conditions by Using UV-C Light

2013 ◽  
Vol 76 (10) ◽  
pp. 1761-1766 ◽  
Author(s):  
GÜLTEN TİRYAKİ GÜNDÜZ ◽  
FIKRET PAZIR
Keyword(s):  
Potato Dextrose Agar ◽  
Penicillium Digitatum ◽  
Citrus Fruits ◽  
Penicillium Italicum ◽  
Inoculation Methods ◽  
Penetration Ability ◽  
Working Distance ◽  
Uv C

In this study, the effects of UV-C on two of the main wound pathogens of citrus fruits, Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium italicum, were investigated with different inoculation methods in vitro and on oranges. P. digitatum and P. italicum spores were inoculated onto the surface of potato dextrose agar or oranges using spread, spot, wound, and piercing inoculation methods. UV-C treatment for 1 min from a working distance of 8 cm reduced the numbers of P. italicum and P. digitatum by about 3.9 and 5.3 log units, respectively, following spread inoculation under in vitro conditions. Significant reductions were obtained after 1-min UV-C treatments of the tested fungi following inoculation using the spread and spot methods. With inoculation by the wound and piercing methods, the tested spores were not inactivated completely even after 10- and 20-min treatment times, respectively. The application of UV-C (7.92 kJ m−2) on oranges reduced the percentage of oranges infected at least threefold compared with the rate of infection in the untreated control samples. UV-C irradiation could effectively inactivate spores of P. italicum and P. digitatum inoculated by the spread plate and spot inoculation methods under in vitro and in vivo conditions. On the other hand, because of the low penetration ability of UV-C light, the tested fungi were not completely inactivated following inoculation with the wound and piercing methods. UV-C treatment has potential for use in surface decontamination of citrus fruits.

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