Transmission of infective ejacjlate in unprotected sexual intercourse by HIV-infected persons to minors

Health Policy ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 38
Author(s):  
W. Bottke
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Unprotected Sexual Intercourse

Knowledge and Use of Emergency Contraceptive Pills among Bachelor's Level Female Students of Kathmandu Valley

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 109-118
Author(s):  
Bhu Dev Jha
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Unwanted Pregnancy ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unprotected Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Emergency Contraceptive ◽  
Emergency Contraceptives

 Emergency Contraceptive Pill (ECP) is used for preventing pregnancy after having unprotected sexual intercourse, contraceptive failure or forced sex. The use of ECP within 120 hours of sexual intercourse could prevent unwanted pregnancy and its adverse effects particularly unintended childbirth and unsafe abortion. The study, therefore, aimed to assess knowledge and use of emergency contraceptives among Bachelors level female students from Kathmandu Valley. A descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken from August to November 2017 among 347 female students who were studying at the Bachelors's level. A random sampling technique was used to select study participants and a structured self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the knowledge and use of ECP after securing informed consent. Epi data and SPSS version 22 were used for data processing and analysis. The mean age of the female students was 21.5 years. Overall, 91.4% of the respondents had ever heard about emergency contraceptives. The main sources of information were radio or television, the internet and newspapers. About 4.6% of the undergraduate female students used ECP. Age, marital status, use of contraceptives and knowledge of ECP used within 72 hours were significantly associated with use of ECP. Although the findings of this study showed a high prevalence of knowledge among respondents, the improvement of female students’ knowledge on specific details of ECP and its advantages/disadvantages and timely utilization needs to be considered for any future awareness programmes.  

scholarly journals A Cognitive Analysis of College Students’ Explanations for Engaging in Unprotected Sexual Intercourse

2009 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 1121-1131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia F. O’Sullivan ◽  
Wadiya Udell ◽  
Vernique A. Montrose ◽  
Patricia Antoniello ◽  
Susie Hoffman
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Cognitive Analysis ◽  
Unprotected Sexual Intercourse

scholarly journals Assessment of knowledge and attitude about emergency contraception: a cross sectional study among medical students in North India

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 4042
Author(s):  
Rajiv Kumar Gupta ◽  
Parveen Singh ◽  
Rashmi Kumari ◽  
Bhavna Langer ◽  
Pawan Sharma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Emergency Contraception ◽  
Early Years ◽  
North India ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Unprotected Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Knowledge And Attitude

Background: Emergency contraception (EC) which is the only method indicated after the unprotected sexual intercourse prevents unintended pregnancies and its harmful consequences like unsafe abortion or unintended child delivery. Since medical students are the future medical professional and would be the main channel to provide preventive, promotive and curative services to the population at large, their knowledge and attitude towards EC is an important context in the overall health scenario of India. The study aimed to assess the knowledge and attitudes of medical students towards use of EC.Methods: This cross sectional questionnaire based study was conducted among 2nd professional MBBS students in a Government Medical College in North India. The self administered questionnaire intended to seek information on knowledge and attitude of the students. The data so collected was expressed in percentages and Chi square test was used as test of significance.Results: All the respondents had heard of EC with mass media as the main source of information. More than 90% of the respondents knew about the indications for use of EC as well as the timing of the use of EC. Female respondents had better knowledge about composition of EC as well mechanism of action (p<0.05). More than 90% would recommend EC in case of unprotected sexual intercourse and 83.5% had positive attitude towards EC.Conclusions: Although knowledge about EC was good on certain parameters, yet lack of in depth knowledge among future health care providers is a cause of concern. So, attention be given to special issues relating to EC from early years of medical education till internship. 

The relationship of adolescents' expectations and values to delinquency, hard drug use, and unprotected sexual intercourse

1990 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph P. Allen ◽  
Bonnie J. Leadbeater ◽  
J. Lawrence Aber
Keyword(s):  
Drug Use ◽  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Achievement Motivation ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Learning Theories ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Unified Framework ◽  
Unprotected Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Hard Drug

AbstractThis study examined adolescents' expectations and values about how competent behaviors would work for them in difficult social situations and explored the relation of these appraisals to adolescents' delinquency, drug use, and sexual intercourse without use of adequate birth control. Several lines of research on the determinants of adolescent achievement motivation, social competence, and various problem behaviors are integrated within a unified framework based on both motivational and cognitive-social learning theories. One hundred adolescents at-risk for problematic behaviors, aged 15½–18, received structured interviews measuring their expectations of self-efficacy in performing socially competent behaviors, their expectations about the outcomes of these behaviors, their values toward these behaviors, their perceptions of the values of peers, and their identification with the values of important adults. Adolescents also reported their recent levels of delinquency, hard drug use, and unprotected sexual activity. Adolescents' expectations and values were significantly related to all three problem behaviors; males' low efficacy expectations and females' lack of identification with an adult's values were the strongest correlates of problem behaviors. Adolescents' expectations and values are considered as potentially important aspects of adolescents' models of themselves in social interactions, which may mediate the link between problematic family relationships in childhood and deviant behavior in adolescence.

scholarly journals Emergency contraception among doctors and people without higher medical degree

2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Sergey S Aganezov ◽  
Anastasiya V Morotskaya ◽  
Natalia V Aganezova
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Emergency Contraception ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Repeated Application ◽  
Current Analysis ◽  
Unprotected Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Medical Degree

Background. In Russia, adherence to planned highly effective methods of contraception is still at a low level; therefore, emergency contraception (EC) can be the option for protection against unplanned pregnancy.Study design, materials and methods. The current analysis was undertaken to determine the frequency of EC use among women with and without higher medical degree (MD) and to find out the level of awareness about EC among women and men of the same categories. In order to this, the method of anonymous voluntary questioning was used. The questionnaire included items about the theoretical aspects of EC (filled in by both men and women) and data on the gynecological history and experience of EC application (filled in by women only).Results. Half of respondents (49.8%) had experience of EC use, 80% of them used EC only if unprotected sexual intercourse occurred in the middle of the menstrual cycle. Every forth (24.6%, n = 29) obstetrician-gynecologist mistakenly believes that repeated application of EC can lead to infertility. 45% (n = 64) participants without MD and 42% (n = 61) of doctors of other specialties have the same opinion. The use of EC is considered justified by 86% (n = 227) of doctors and 65% (n = 94) participants without MD. Every tenth responder, irrespective of education level, mistakenly believes in not using EC due to severe negative side effects.Conclusion. Almost a third (30%) of obstetrician-gynecologists do not possess complete information on EC. Awareness about EC is extremely inadequate and comparable to that of doctors of other specialties and people without MD. (For citation: Aganezov SS, Morotskaya AV, Aganezova NV. Emergency contraception among doctors and people without higher medical degree. Journal of Obstetrics and Women’s Diseases. 2018;67(4):34-39. doi: 10.17816/JOWD67434-39).

scholarly journals Recurrent ectopic pregnancies with secondary infertility: a case report

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 2587
Author(s):  
Shivangi Jain ◽  
Indu Verma
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Live Birth ◽  
Mycoplasma Species ◽  
Subclinical Infection ◽  
Genital Tuberculosis ◽  
Secondary Infertility ◽  
Unprotected Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancies

Infertility is defined as 1 year of unprotected sexual intercourse without pregnancy. It is further classified as primary and secondary. Secondary infertility is one in which prior pregnancy not necessarily live birth has occurred. Pelvic infections as a cause for infertility are seen in 12% cases while genital tuberculosis contribute 10-15%. Various studies have well established a relationship between subclinical infection and infertility with the two most potential pathogens being: Chlamydia trachomatis and mycoplasma species. Authors are presenting two cases one of a 30yr female, P0+5, with class 2 obesity with previous three ectopic pregnancies with LSO done 1 year back i/v/o left ruptured ectopic now presenting with secondary infertility for 1 year and another case of a 21 years female, P0+2, with previous two ectopic with LSO done 2 years back now presenting with infertility. These cases emphasize that infections are important causes for recurrent ectopic pregnancies and infertility.

The Reasoned Action Approach in HIV Risk-Reduction Strategies for Adolescents

2012 ◽  
Vol 640 (1) ◽  
pp. 150-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
John B. Jemmott
Keyword(s):  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Reasoned Action ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Reasoned Action Approach ◽  
Culturally Appropriate ◽  
Unprotected Sexual Intercourse ◽  
Hiv Risk Reduction ◽  
Sexually Transmitted

Adolescents worldwide are at high risk for adverse consequences of sexual activity, including HIV, other sexually transmitted diseases, and unintended pregnancy. Effective intervention strategies are needed to address this risk. This article discusses the advantages of the reasoned action approach for developing such strategies, including the ability to integrate population-specific qualitative information with the approach to develop an intervention that is both theoretically grounded and culturally appropriate. It also describes an application of the approach in developing “Let Us Protect Our Future,” a culturally appropriate HIV risk-reduction intervention for adolescents in South Africa, where sexually transmitted HIV infections are having an especially devastating impact. The results of a randomized controlled trial revealed that grade 6 students in schools that received the intervention were less likely to report having sexual intercourse, unprotected sexual intercourse, and multiple sexual partners during the 12-month follow-up period than their counterparts in control schools.

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