Cyclic development of sedimentary basins at convergent plate margins — 1. Structural and tectono-thermal evolution of some gondwana basins of eastern Australia

1992 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 241-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrice de Caritat ◽  
Jean Braun
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Evolution ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Eastern Australia

Thermal mechanisms of basin formation

1982 ◽  
Vol 305 (1489) ◽  
pp. 283-294 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Similarity Solution ◽  
Flexural Rigidity ◽  
Thermal Evolution ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Relative Volume ◽  
Ocean Ridges ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Subsequent Conversion ◽  
Basin Formation ◽  
Thermal Subsidence

Thermal subsidence of the sea floor explains the observed bathymetry of ocean ridges. A similarity solution for a one-dimensional cooling model successfully predicts bathymetry, heat flow and geoid anomalies under a wide range of conditions. This similarity solution can be modified to predict the thermal subsidence of sedimentary basins. For older sedimentary basins it is necessary to consider an input of heat to the base of the lithosphere that places a limit on subsidence. The similarity solution for thermal subsidence is in quite good agreement with the observed subsidence history of a variety of sedimentary basins. Some basins subside freely and in others the flexural rigidity of the elastic lithosphere inhibits subsidence. An empirical model is proposed for the conversion of kerogen to oil and the subsequent conversion of oil to gas. This model is then used in conjunction with the thermal evolution predicted by the similarity solution in order to determine the oil window and relative volume of oil as a function of the age of the basin.

scholarly journals Mineralogical Evolution of the Cretaceous Strata in the Songliao Basin, Northeastern China: Implications for Thermal History and Paleoenvironmental Evolution

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1101
Author(s):  
Tian Dong ◽  
Yuan Gao ◽  
He Huang ◽  
Xing Tian ◽  
Qian Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clay Minerals ◽  
Thermal History ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Thermal Evolution ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Northeastern China ◽  
Songliao Basin ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Burial Depth ◽  
Geothermal Resources

The Songliao Basin in northeastern China is one of the largest and longest-lived Cretaceous sedimentary basins enriched in petroleum and geothermal resources worldwide. Although the modern Songliao Basin has a high geothermal gradient, the geological thermal history of the basin has not been well constrained. The SK-2 drilling program, as the second stage of the International Continental Drilling Project of Cretaceous Songliao Basin, is for recovering extensive Early Cretaceous terrestrial strata and providing valuable materials for decoding the mineralogical evolution and the paleoenvironmental changes. Here, we present whole-rock and clay mineralogical analysis on 72 core samples covering 3346–5705 m of the Shahezi Formation in the SK-2 borehole. The whole-rock minerals mainly include clay minerals, quartz, plagioclase, as well as some calcite, K-feldspar, siderite, and pyrite. The clay mineral assemblages include illite, chlorite, and illite–smectite interlayer minerals. Above 4500 m, clay minerals are dominated by illite and illite–smectite interlayers. Below 4500 m, more plagioclase, K-feldspar, and calcite are present, while illite–smectite interlayers are completely replaced by illite. The whole-rock and clay mineralogical evolution of the Shahezi Formation is primarily controlled by thermal diagenesis, although paleoenvironmental change may act as a minor contribution. Combined with published data from the Upper Cretaceous in SK-1 cores, we infer that Cretaceous greenhouse climatic and environmental changes left fingerprints on whole-rock and clay mineralogical assemblages and that the Songliao Basin reached a maximum burial depth and a peak of thermal evolution at the end of the Cretaceous.

scholarly journals SILLi 1.0: A 1D Numerical Tool Quantifying the Thermal Effects of Sill Intrusions

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karthik Iyer ◽  
Henrik Svensen ◽  
Daniel W. Schmid
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Effects ◽  
Thermal Evolution ◽  
Thermal Structure ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Gas Generation ◽  
Porosity Evolution ◽  
Karoo Basin ◽  
Igneous Intrusions ◽  
User Friendly ◽  
Latent Heats

Abstract. Igneous intrusions in sedimentary basins may have a profound effect on the thermal structure and physical properties of the hosting sedimentary rocks. These include mechanical effects such as deformation and uplift of sedimentary layers, generation of overpressure, mineral reactions and porosity evolution, and fracturing and vent formation following devolatilization reactions and the generation of CO2 and CH4. The gas generation and subsequent migration and venting may have contributed to several of the past climatic changes such as the end-Permian event and the Paleocene-Eocene Thermal Maximum. Additionally, the generation and expulsion of hydrocarbons and cracking of pre-existing oil reservoirs around a hot magmatic intrusion is of significant interest to the energy industry. In this paper, we present a user-friendly 1D FEM based tool, SILLi, which calculates the thermal effects of sill intrusions on the enclosing sedimentary stratigraphy. The model is accompanied by three case studies of sills emplaced in two different sedimentary basins, the Karoo Basin in South Africa and the Vøring Basin offshore Norway. Input data for the model is the present-day well log or sedimentary column with an Excel input file and includes rock parameters such as thermal conductivity, total organic carbon (TOC) content, porosity, and latent heats. The model accounts for sedimentation and burial based on a rate calculated by the sedimentary layer thickness and age. Erosion of the sedimentary column is also included to account for realistic basin evolution. Multiple sills can be emplaced within the system with varying ages. The emplacement of a sill occurs instantaneously. The model can be applied to volcanic sedimentary basins occurring globally. The model output includes the thermal evolution of the sedimentary column through time, and the changes that take place following sill emplacement such as TOC changes, thermal maturity, and the amount of organic and carbonate-derived CO2. The TOC and vitrinite results can be readily benchmarked within the tool to present-day values measured within the sedimentary column. This allows the user to determine the conditions required to obtain results that match observables and leads to a better understanding of metamorphic processes in sedimentary basins.

Exploring New Zealand's marine territory

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 549 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Uruski
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Deep Water ◽  
Seismic Data ◽  
East Coast ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Petroleum Exploration ◽  
Seismic Survey ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Deep Water Part

Around the end of the twentieth century, awareness grew that, in addition to the Taranaki Basin, other unexplored basins in New Zealand’s large exclusive economic zone (EEZ) and extended continental shelf (ECS) may contain petroleum. GNS Science initiated a program to assess the prospectivity of more than 1 million square kilometres of sedimentary basins in New Zealand’s marine territories. The first project in 2001 acquired, with TGS-NOPEC, a 6,200 km reconnaissance 2D seismic survey in deep-water Taranaki. This showed a large Late Cretaceous delta built out into a northwest-trending basin above a thick succession of older rocks. Many deltas around the world are petroleum provinces and the new data showed that the deep-water part of Taranaki Basin may also be prospective. Since the 2001 survey a further 9,000 km of infill 2D seismic data has been acquired and exploration continues. The New Zealand government recognised the potential of its frontier basins and, in 2005 Crown Minerals acquired a 2D survey in the East Coast Basin, North Island. This was followed by surveys in the Great South, Raukumara and Reinga basins. Petroleum Exploration Permits were awarded in most of these and licence rounds in the Northland/Reinga Basin closed recently. New data have since been acquired from the Pegasus, Great South and Canterbury basins. The New Zealand government, through Crown Minerals, funds all or part of a survey. GNS Science interprets the new data set and the data along with reports are packaged for free dissemination prior to a licensing round. The strategy has worked well, as indicated by the entry of ExxonMobil, OMV and Petrobras into New Zealand. Anadarko, another new entry, farmed into the previously licensed Canterbury and deep-water Taranaki basins. One of the main results of the surveys has been to show that geology and prospectivity of New Zealand’s frontier basins may be similar to eastern Australia, as older apparently unmetamophosed successions are preserved. By extrapolating from the results in the Taranaki Basin, ultimate prospectivity is likely to be a resource of some tens of billions of barrels of oil equivalent. New Zealand’s largely submerged continent may yield continent-sized resources.

Style and intensity of late Cenozoic deformation in the Nagoorin Basin (eastern Queensland, Australia) and implications for the pattern of strain in an intraplate setting

2018 ◽  
Vol 156 (4) ◽  
pp. 605-619
Author(s):  
ABBAS BABAAHMADI ◽  
GIDEON ROSENBAUM ◽  
RENATE SLIWA ◽  
JOAN ESTERLE ◽  
MOJTABA RAJABI
Keyword(s):  
Seismic Reflection ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Continental Margins ◽  
Plate Boundaries ◽  
Reverse Fault ◽  
Late Cenozoic ◽  
The North ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Oil Shales ◽  
Far Field Stress

AbstractEastern Australia was affected by late Cenozoic intraplate deformation in response to far-field stress transmitted from the plate boundaries, but little is known about the intensity and pattern of this deformation. We used recently surveyed two-dimensional seismic reflection lines and aeromagnetic data, and data from the recently released Australian Stress Map, to investigate the structure of the Nagoorin Basin in eastern Queensland. The western margin of the Nagoorin beds was displaced by the Boynedale Fault, which is a NNW-striking SW-dipping oblique strike-slip reverse fault with a vertical throw ofc.900 m andc.16 km sinistral displacement. A significant part of this large sinistral displacement is interpreted to have occurred prior to late Cenozoic time. Several low-angle (<30°) thin-skinned thrusts with a flat-ramp geometry also displaced the Nagoorin beds, which are interpreted to have developed along detachment surfaces in oil shales and claystone. The Boynedale Fault is a segment within longer NNW-striking faults that include the North Pine and West Ipswich fault systems in eastern Queensland. These NNW-striking faults are potentially active, and may accommodate neotectonic thrust movement in response to the present-day NE–SW orientation of SHmax. Results of this study, in conjunction with previous information on sedimentary basins in eastern Australia, indicate that Cenozoic contractional deformation is stronger at the continental margins, possibly due to the presence of pre-existing rift-related structures.

The Tasmanides: Phanerozoic Tectonic Evolution of Eastern Australia

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 291-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gideon Rosenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Tectonic Evolution ◽  
Boundary Migration ◽  
Plate Boundary ◽  
Sedimentary Basins ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Crustal Extension ◽  
Plate Margin ◽  
Igneous Provinces ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Convergent Plate Margin

The Tasmanides occupy the eastern third of Australia and provide an extensive record of the evolution of the eastern Gondwanan convergent plate boundary from the Cambrian to the Triassic. This article presents a summary of the primary building blocks (igneous provinces and sedimentary basins) within the Tasmanides, followed by a discussion of the timing and extent of deformation events. Relatively short episodes of contractional deformation alternated with longer periods of crustal extension accompanied by voluminous magmatism. This behavior was likely controlled by plate boundary migration (trench retreat and advance) that was also responsible for bending and segmentation of the convergent plate margin. As a result, the Tasmanides were subjected to at least three major phases of oroclinal bending, in the Silurian, Devonian, and Permian. The most significant segmentation likely occurred at ∼420–400 Ma along a lithospheric-scale boundary that separated the northern and southern parts of the Tasmanides.

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