Structural pattern and strain history of a superposed fold system in the Precambrian of Central Rajasthan, India. II. Strain history

1977 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Naha ◽  
R.V. Halyburton
1981 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-39
Author(s):  
B. R. Rees

These are the opening words of Aristotle's Poetics, generally recognized as the most influential work in the history of Western European drama and poetic theory since the Renaissance. The initial statement of the scope of the inquiry is a formidable one; but a reader coming to it for the first time might well be forgiven for concluding that it promises far more than it achieves. Is it possible, he might ask, that all this is contained in a slim volume occupying no more than 47 pages in the Oxford Classical Text and 45 in the Penguin translation? Reading further, he might become even more disillusioned: what he discovers is that, after a very brief and perfunctory introduction on poetry as a form of mimesis or artistic representation, Aristotle limits himself to a discussion of tragedy, a cursory treatment of epic, and a few passing references to comedy, and that, even in the case of tragedy, by far the major part of the argument is devoted to an examination of plot. Can this really be the work which excited scholars in the Renaissance, inspired Milton to write Samson Agonistes, an Aristotelian drama if there ever was one, provided the structural pattern and dramatic conventions for the plays of Racine and Corneille, gave Fielding the principles on which he based his Tom Jones, influenced Goethe and Lessing and, through Lessing, Coleridge, and has won the attention and admiration of critics writing in English from James Harris at the end of the eighteenth century to Richard MacKeon in the second half of the twentieth? And, if so, why?


GeoArabia ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 445-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.Ziegler Martin

ABSTRACT A series of 19 paleofacies maps have been generated for given time intervals between the Late Permian and Holocene to reconstruct the depositional history of the Arabian Plate. The succession of changing lithological sequences is controlled by the interplay of eustacy and sediment supply with regional and local tectonic influences. The Mesozoic paleofacies history of the Plate is, in its central and eastern portion east of Riyadh, strongly influenced by an older N-trending, horst and graben system that reflects the grain of the Precambrian Amar Collision and successively younger structural deformations. The late Paleozoic Hercynian orogenic event caused block faulting and relative uplift and resulted in a marked paleorelief. This jointed structural pattern dominated the entire Mesozoic and, to some extent, the Cenozoic facies distribution. The relationship between producing fields and the paleofacies maps illustrates the various petroleum systems of particular times and regions.


mSphere ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Desroches ◽  
G. Royer ◽  
D. Roche ◽  
M. Mercier-Darty ◽  
D. Vallenet ◽  
...  

Mutator phenotypes have been described in laboratory-evolved bacteria, as well as in natural isolates. Several genes can be impacted, each of them being associated with a typical mutational spectrum. By studying one of the oldest strains available, the ancestral Escherich strain, we were able to identify its mutator status leading to tremendous genetic diversity among the isolates from various collections and allowing us to reconstruct the phylogeographic history of the strain. This mutator phenotype was probably acquired during the storage of the strain, promoting adaptation to a specific environment. Other mutations inrpoSand efflux pump- and porin-encoding genes highlight the acclimatization of the strain through self-preservation and nutritional competence regulation. This strain history can be viewed as unintentional experimental evolution in culture collections all over the word since 1885, mimicking the long-term experimental evolution ofE. coliof Lenski et al. (O. Tenaillon, J. E. Barrick, N. Ribeck, D. E. Deatherage, J. L. Blanchard, A. Dasgupta, G. C. Wu, S. Wielgoss, S. Cruveiller, C. Médigue, D. Schneider, and R. E. Lenski, Nature 536:165–170, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1038/nature18959) that shares numerous molecular features.


1965 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. M. Smith

An estimate of the useful life of a thick tube creeping under non-steady environmental conditions is made using a life-hardening creep law in conjunction with a Larson-Miller rupture parameter. The method of selecting time intervals during computation is described and suggestions are made as to the appropriate points to start and end such computations. Data necessary to the calculations are summarized in an appendix.


Author(s):  
Tomasz Tkaczyk ◽  
Daniil Vasilikis ◽  
Aurelien Pepin

Abstract The high demand for subsea transportation of corrosive wellhead produced fluids has created interest in economical mechanically lined pipes (MLP) made of external carbon steel and a thin internal layer of corrosion resistant alloy (CRA). The bending strain capacity of an MLP, where a CRA liner is adhered to a carbon steel host pipe by means of an interference fit, is often governed by the liner wrinkling limit state. Although the strain capacity of the MLP with a typical 3 mm thick liner is enough to withstand bending to strains encountered during installation with the S-lay or J-lay method, the liner is at risk of wrinkling when the MLP is subjected to higher bending strains during reel-lay. To allow reeled installation, the liner strain capacity is enhanced by either increasing the liner thickness or pressurizing the MLP during installation. In the former approach, the required liner thickness is proportional to the pipe diameter. For larger diameter MLPs, it is therefore often more economical to select a 3 mm thick liner and flood and pressurize an MLP to ensure liner stability during reeling. However, the MLP may need to be depressurized and partially drained during installation to allow welding a structure, performing reel-to-reel connection or pipeline recovery which impose bending strain on a plastically pre-strained and depressurized pipeline. Furthermore, reeled pipelines may be depressurized subsea while subjected to bending loads from operation. Although there is a history of research into the limit loads and failure modes of MLPs, there is still no comprehensive guidance on determining the risk of liner wrinkling in plastically pre-strained MLPs. In this paper, an approach is proposed for evaluating the strain capacity and assessing the risk of liner wrinkling after an MLP, subjected to plastic bending during reeled installation at elevated pressure, is depressurized and subjected to installation loads during offshore intervention or operational loading in service. The combined effect of strain history at elevated pressure, reeling-induced ovality, bending direction after depressurization, differential pressure, temperature and residual strain is discussed. The recommendations for further work are also given.


1988 ◽  
Vol 01 (02) ◽  
pp. 80-85
Author(s):  
H. M. Frost

A collection of fundamental structural adaptations is defined for how compacta and spongiosa respond to overloading in compression, tension, and flexure, alone and in combinations. Those adaptations underlie most physiological tissue- and organ-level structural adaptations of healthy intact bones to mechanical usage. A biomechanical function called the Gamma function is then devised to predict from a structure’s net end loads and the strain history of any given small bone surface domain, whether mechanically induced formation, resorption or neither will occur in that domain. A separate function is devised to predict local rates of modeling from local strain histories. These functions correctly predict varied details of all of the fundamental adaptations and they also suggest new laws for the mechanical control of bone architecture, some of which are presented.


2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (10) ◽  
pp. 5946-5958 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karthikeyan Senthilnathan ◽  
Ali Shamimi ◽  
Craig Bonsignore ◽  
Harshad Paranjape ◽  
Tom Duerig

Abstract Three types of fatigue testing are performed to elucidate the effects of prestraining superelastic Nitinol on its subsequent fatigue lifetime: rotary bending and tension–tension testing of wire, and beam bending using diamond-shaped specimens fabricated from tubing. Results show that local plastic deformation during prestraining induces residual stresses that have a pronounced effect on fatigue performance, enhancing performance when the fatigue duty cycle is of the same sense as the prestraining (tensile prestraining followed by a tensile duty cycle, for example), and decreasing fatigue lifetime when the sense of the duty cycle is opposite to that of prestraining. This provides an avenue to increasing fatigue lifetime, but more importantly it highlights the need to fully understand the nature of the duty cycle: for example, prestraining a stent by crimping it into a delivery catheter induces favorable residual stresses with respect to subsequent pulsatile fatigue, but might accelerate fracture in other modes, such as axial or crush fatigue. Caution is also advised when trying to apply data from “constant life diagrams” derived from the literature (Ref 1, 2 for example) that may not properly reflect the strain history of the device being analyzed.


1980 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noboru Miyamoto ◽  
Tadashi Murayama ◽  
Shin-Ichi Gotoh

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