SUPERGLAZING, U-VALUE=0.9

1988 ◽  
pp. 31-37
Author(s):  
Paul Robinson ◽  
John Littler
Keyword(s):  
U Value

Impact of roof shading on building energy performance in warm & humid climatic places of India

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-64
Author(s):  
Kuladeep Kumar Sadevi ◽  
Avlokita Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Conservation ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
General Assumption ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Passive Cooling ◽  
Base Case ◽  
U Value ◽  
The Impact

With the rise in awareness of energy efficient buildings and adoption of mandatory energy conservation codes across the globe, significant change is being observed in the way the buildings are designed. With the launch of Energy Conservation Building Code (ECBC) in India, climate responsive designs and passive cooling techniques are being explored increasingly in building designs. Of all the building envelope components, roof surface has been identified as the most significant with respect to the heat gain due to the incident solar radiation on buildings, especially in tropical climatic conditions. Since ECBC specifies stringent U-Values for roof assembly, use of insulating materials is becoming popular. Along with insulation, the shading of the roof is also observed to be an important strategy for improving thermal performance of the building, especially in Warm and humid climatic conditions. This study intends to assess the impact of roof shading on building’s energy performance in comparison to that of exposed roof with insulation. A typical office building with specific geometry and schedules has been identified as base case model for this study. This building is simulated using energy modelling software ‘Design Builder’ with base case parameters as prescribed in ECBC. Further, the same building has been simulated parametrically adjusting the amount of roof insulation and roof shading simultaneously. The overall energy consumption and the envelope performance of the top floor are extracted for analysis. The results indicate that the roof shading is an effective passive cooling strategy for both naturally ventilated and air conditioned buildings in Warm and humid climates of India. It is also observed that a fully shaded roof outperforms the insulated roof as per ECBC prescription. Provision of shading over roof reduces the annual energy consumption of building in case of both insulated and uninsulated roofs. However, the impact is higher for uninsulated roofs (U-Value of 3.933 W/m2K), being 4.18% as compared to 0.59% for insulated roofs (U-Value of 0.33 W/m2K).While the general assumption is that roof insulation helps in reducing the energy consumption in tropical buildings, it is observed to be the other way when insulation is provided with roof shading. It is due to restricted heat loss during night.

scholarly journals A Fundamental Study on the Development of New Energy Performance Index in Office Buildings

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2064
Author(s):  
Jin-Hee Kim ◽  
Seong-Koo Son ◽  
Gyeong-Seok Choi ◽  
Young-Tag Kim ◽  
Sung-Bum Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Energy Performance ◽  
Office Buildings ◽  
Light Transmittance ◽  
Wall Structure ◽  
Fundamental Study ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
U Value ◽  
The Impact

Recently, there have been significant concerns regarding excessive energy use in office buildings with a large window-to-wall ratio (WWR) because of the curtain wall structure. However, prior research has confirmed that the impact of the window area on energy consumption varies depending on building size. A newly proposed window-to-floor ratio (WFR) correlates better with energy consumption in the building. In this paper, we derived the correlation by analyzing a simulation using EnergyPlus, and the results are as follows. In the case of small buildings, the results of this study showed that the WWR and energy requirement increase proportionally, and the smaller the size is, the higher the energy sensitivity will be. However, results also confirmed that this correlation was not established for buildings approximately 3600 m2 or larger. Nevertheless, from analyzing the correlation between the WFR and the energy requirements, it could be deduced that energy required increased proportionally when the WFR was 0.1 or higher. On the other hand, the correlation between WWR, U-value, solar heat gain coefficient (SHGC), and material property values of windows had little effect on energy when the WWR was 20%, and the highest effect was seen at a WWR of 100%. Further, with an SHGC below 0.3, the energy requirement decreased with an increasing WWR, regardless of U-value. In addition, we confirmed the need for in-depth research on the impact of the windows’ U-value, SHGC, and WWR, and this will be verified through future studies. In future studies on window performance, U-value, SHGC, visible light transmittance (VLT), wall U-value as sensitivity variables, and correlation between WFR and building size will be examined.

scholarly journals Thermodynamic and Experimental Investigation of Solar-Driven Biomass Pyro-Gasification Using H2O, CO2, or ZnO Oxidants for Clean Syngas and Metallurgical Zn Production

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 687
Author(s):  
Srirat Chuayboon ◽  
Stéphane Abanades
Keyword(s):  
Beech Wood ◽  
Biomass Gasification ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Solid Product ◽  
Product Characterization ◽  
Single Process ◽  
U Value ◽  
Chemical Products ◽  
Particle Shapes ◽  
Promising Avenue

The solar gasification of biomass represents a promising avenue in which both renewable solar and biomass energy can be utilized in a single process to produce synthesis gas. The type of oxidant plays a key role in solar-driven biomass gasification performance. In this study, solar gasification of beech wood biomass with different oxidants was thermodynamically and experimentally investigated in a 1.5 kWth continuously-fed consuming bed solar reactor at 1200 °C under atmospheric pressure. Gaseous (H2O and CO2) as well as solid (ZnO) oxidants in pellet and particle shapes were utilized for gasifying beech wood, and the results were compared with pyrolysis (no oxidant). As a result, thermodynamic predictions provided insights into chemical gasification reactions against oxidants, which can support experimental results. Compared to pyrolysis, using oxidants significantly promoted syngas yield and energy upgrade factor. The highest total syngas yield (63.8 mmol/gbiomass) was obtained from biomass gasification with H2O, followed by CO2, ZnO/biomass mixture (pellets and particles), and pyrolysis. An energy upgrade factor (U) exceeding one was achieved whatever the oxidants, with the maximum U value of 1.09 from biomass gasification with ZnO, thus highlighting successful solar energy storage into chemical products. ZnO/biomass pellets exhibited greater gas yield, particularly CO, thanks to enhanced solid–solid reaction. Solid product characterization revealed that ZnO can be reduced to high-purity Zn through solar gasification, indicating that solar-driven biomass gasification with ZnO is a promising innovative process for CO2-free sustainable co-production of metallic Zn and high-quality syngas.

scholarly journals Heat and Moisture Transport in Multi-Layer Walls: Interaction and Heat Loss at Varying Outdoor Temperatures / Siltuma Un Mitruma Pārnese Caur Daudzslāņainām Būvkonstrukcijām: Āra Temperatūras Izmaiņu Ietekme Uz Siltuma Zudumiem Iekštelpā

2012 ◽  
Vol 49 (6-I) ◽  
pp. 32-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ozolinsh ◽  
A. Jakovich
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Model ◽  
Energy Efficiency ◽  
Moisture Transport ◽  
Heat Losses ◽  
Condensate Formation ◽  
Heat And Moisture Transport ◽  
U Value ◽  
Technical Solutions ◽  
Heat And Moisture ◽  
Humidity Profiles

Abstract The heat and moisture transport in multi-layer walls is analysed for five building units. Using the developed program, a typical of Latvian conditions temperature and relative humidity profiles in multi-layered constructions has been obtained and the indoor heat losses estimated. Consideration is also given to the risk of condensate formation and to the influence of moisture on the U-value. The created mathematical model allows forecasting the energy efficiency and sustainability of different technical solutions as refer to the heat and moisture transport in buildings.

scholarly journals EFEKTIVITAS POSISI TANGAN PENOLONG DALAM PENCEGAHAN RUPTUR PERINEUM PADA PERSALINAN NORMAL

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Mulyati Priyantini ◽  
Yuli Trisnawati
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Morbidity ◽  
P Value ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Second Stage Of Labor ◽  
Whitney Test ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Mann Whitney Test ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
U Value ◽  
Quota Sampling

ABSTRAKFokus utama asuhan persalinan adalah pencegahan komplikasi untuk mengurangi angka kesakitan dan kematian ibu. Salah satu upaya adalah mencegah terjadinya ruptur perineum. Posisi tangan yang dipakai penolong persalinan kala II untuk mencegah ruptur perineum antara lain posisi tangan APN dan Varney. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas antara posisi tangan penolong menurut APN dan menurut Varney dalam mencegah ruptur perineum spontan pada kala II persalinan di RSIA ‘Bunda arif’ Purwokerto. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik, menggunakan pendekatan cross sectional dengan populasi seluruh persalinan spontan di RSIA ‘Bunda arif’ Purwokerto. Sampel yang digunakan adalah quota sampling  sebanyak 30 sampel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Metode analisis data menggunakan uji U Mann-Whitney. Hasil penelitian ini adalah Kejadian ruptur perineum pada posisi tangan menurut APN sebanyak 93,3%, sedangkan menurut Varney sebanyak 86,7%. Hasil analisa statistik uji U Mann-Whitney didapatkan p value = 0,550 (p>0,005) sedangkan U value  = 33,000 (Uh < U t ), artinya tidak ada perbedaan bermakna, tetapi posisi tangan Varney lebih baik dengan selisih ruptur 6,6%. Posisi tangan penolong menurut Varney lebih efektif daripada posisi tangan menurut APN dalam pencegahan ruptur perineum spontan pada kala II persalinan, tetapi keduanya tidak memberikan perbedaan yang bermakna terhadap kejadian ruptur perineum. Penolong persalinan dapat menemukan metode yang paling tepat dalam meminimalisir kejadian ruptur perineum spontan untuk menurunkan angka kesakitan dan kematian ibu.Keyword : Posisi tangan penolong, ruptur perineumEFFECTIVENESS OF HANDLING POSITION IN PREVENTION OF PERINEUM RUPTURE IN NORMAL LABORABSTRACTMain focus of delivery care is preventing the complication to reduce the maternal morbidity and mortality. One of the efforts to prevent the occurance of perineal rupture. The position hand which is used birth attendant in the second stage of labor to prevent perineal rupture among others APN and Varney hands position. The goal of this reasearch is to know the effectiveness between APN and Varney hands position to prevent spontanoeus perineal rupture in the second stage of labor in RSIA ‘Bunda arif’ Purwokerto. This reasearch was observational analytic by approachment cross sectional with population of this reasearch was all of spontaneous delivery in RSIA ‘Bunda arif’ Purwokerto and the sample used quota sampling, it’s about 30 sample can be a inclusion criteria. The analyze method data used U Mann-Whitney test. The result of this experiment are precentage of spontaneous perineal rupture by  APN hands position is 93,3%, while by Varney is 86,7%. Result of statistic analysis used U Mann-Whitney test is p value = 0,550 (p>0.005) and U value  = 33,000 (Uh < U t). It means, not significant difference, but Varney hands position better by a margin of 6.6%. the conclusion are varney hands position is more effective than APN hands position in  prevention spontaneous perineal rupture in the second stage of labor, but both not significant for perinel rupture. Suggestion : Birth attendants can find the most appopriate method to minimize perineal ruptured to reduce maternal morbidity and mortalityKeyword : APN & Varney hands position, and perineal rupture.

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