CHEMICALLY INDUCED TUMORS–THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO HUMAN CANCER

1979 ◽  
pp. 189-199
Author(s):  
W.H. Butler
Keyword(s):  
Human Cancer ◽  
Chemically Induced ◽  
Induced Tumors

TAp73 opposes tumor angiogenesis by promoting hypoxia-inducible factor 1α degradation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lungwani Muungo
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Hypoxia Inducible Factor ◽  
Tumor Hypoxia ◽  
Human Lung Cancer ◽  
Regulatory Subunit ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Hypoxia Inducible Factor 1 ◽  
Chemically Induced ◽  
Induced Tumors ◽  
Patient Prognosis

Tumor hypoxia and hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) activationare associated with cancer progression. Here, we demonstrate thatthe transcription factor TAp73 opposes HIF-1 activity through anontranscriptional mechanism, thus affecting tumor angiogenesis.TAp73-deficient mice have an increased incidence of spontaneousand chemically induced tumors that also display enhanced vascularization.Mechanistically, TAp73 interacts with the regulatory subunit(α) of HIF-1 and recruits mouse double minute 2 homolog intothe protein complex, thus promoting HIF-1α polyubiquitination andconsequent proteasomal degradation in an oxygen-independentmanner. In human lung cancer datasets, TAp73 strongly predictsgood patient prognosis, and its expression is associated with lowHIF-1 activation and angiogenesis. Our findings, supported by invivo and clinical evidence, demonstrate a mechanism for oxygenindependentHIF-1 regulation, which has important implicationsfor individualizing therapies in patients with cancer.

Immunotherapy of Chemically-Induced Tumors in the Hamster Cheek Pouch with Dinitrochlorobenzene

1978 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 625-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Marshack ◽  
Patrick Toto ◽  
Ronald Kerman
Keyword(s):  
Defense Mechanisms ◽  
Immune Defense ◽  
Lymphoid Cells ◽  
Cheek Pouch ◽  
Hamster Cheek Pouch ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Tumor Induction ◽  
Chemically Induced ◽  
Induced Tumors ◽  
Tumor Area

Immune stimulation with an agent such as dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB) may delay chemcal carcinogenesis. Dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) was used to chemically induce tumors in the hamster buccal pouch. Hamsters were studied for the effect of DNCB sensitization in the buccal pouch prior to or after DMBA tumor induction. At appropriate time intervals the hamsters were sacrificed and each cheek pouch was examined histologically for the development of DMBA-induced tumors and for the presence of lymphoid cells infiltrating the tumor site. The results show that DNCB immunotherapy or immunoprophylaxis prior to or following DMBA tumor induction can alter the type of tumor produced and stimulate an infiltration of lymphoid cells into the tumor area probably invoking immune defense mechanisms.

scholarly journals Chemically induced mutations in a MutaMouse reporter gene inform mechanisms underlying human cancer mutational signatures

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc A. Beal ◽  
Matthew J. Meier ◽  
Danielle P. LeBlanc ◽  
Clotilde Maurice ◽  
Jason M. O’Brien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Cancer ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Induced Mutations ◽  
Lung Cancers ◽  
Human Cancers ◽  
Chemically Induced ◽  
Mutation Pattern ◽  
Environmental Causes ◽  
Next Generation Sequencing Ngs

AbstractTransgenic rodent (TGR) models use bacterial reporter genes to quantify in vivo mutagenesis. Pairing TGR assays with next-generation sequencing (NGS) enables comprehensive mutation pattern analysis to inform mutational mechanisms. We used this approach to identify 2751 independent lacZ mutations in the bone marrow of MutaMouse animals exposed to four chemical mutagens: benzo[a]pyrene, N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea, procarbazine, and triethylenemelamine. We also collected published data for 706 lacZ mutations from eight additional environmental mutagens. We report that lacZ gene sequencing generates chemical-specific mutation signatures observed in human cancers with established environmental causes. For example, the mutation signature of benzo[a]pyrene, a carcinogen present in tobacco smoke, matched the signature associated with tobacco-induced lung cancers. Our results suggest that the analysis of chemically induced mutations in the lacZ gene shortly after exposure provides an effective approach to characterize human-relevant mechanisms of carcinogenesis and propose novel environmental causes of mutation signatures observed in human cancers.

scholarly journals Impact of TCR Diversity on the Development of Transplanted or Chemically Induced Tumors

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 192-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin Schreiber ◽  
Theodore G. Karrison ◽  
Steven P. Wolf ◽  
Kazuma Kiyotani ◽  
Madeline Steiner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemically Induced ◽  
Induced Tumors ◽  
Tcr Diversity

scholarly journals Glutathione S-Transferases in Chemically Induced Tumors

1984 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 344-349
Author(s):  
Pavel Kraus ◽  
Rolf Schulte-Hermann ◽  
Irene Timmermann-Trosiener ◽  
Jöurg Schuppler
Keyword(s):  
Chemically Induced ◽  
Induced Tumors ◽  
Glutathione S Transferases

scholarly journals How Genetically Engineered Mouse Tumor Models Provide Insights Into Human Cancers

2011 ◽  
Vol 29 (16) ◽  
pp. 2273-2281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katerina Politi ◽  
William Pao
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Models ◽  
Cancer Biology ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
Mouse Tumor ◽  
Tumor Models ◽  
Genetically Engineered Mouse Models ◽  
Human Cancers ◽  
Chemically Induced

Genetically engineered mouse models (GEMMs) of human cancer were first created nearly 30 years ago. These early transgenic models demonstrated that mouse cells could be transformed in vivo by expression of an oncogene. A new field emerged, dedicated to generating and using mouse models of human cancer to address a wide variety of questions in cancer biology. The aim of this review is to highlight the contributions of mouse models to the diagnosis and treatment of human cancers. Because of the breadth of the topic, we have selected representative examples of how GEMMs are clinically relevant rather than provided an exhaustive list of experiments. Today, as detailed here, sophisticated mouse models are being created to study many aspects of cancer biology, including but not limited to mechanisms of sensitivity and resistance to drug treatment, oncogene cooperation, early detection, and metastasis. Alternatives to GEMMs, such as chemically induced or spontaneous tumor models, are not discussed in this review.

Evaluation of mutant frequencies of chemically induced tumors and normal tissues in ?/cII transgenic mice

2005 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jon C. Mirsalis ◽  
Julie A. Shimon ◽  
Alphonso Johnson ◽  
David Fairchild ◽  
Nathan Kanazawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transgenic Mice ◽  
Normal Tissues ◽  
Chemically Induced ◽  
Induced Tumors
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