Site-Specific Symptom Management

This chapter on palliative care for children with advanced cancer addresses the challenges of decision making and the care of the child and family. It explores decision making with regards to ongoing treatment, advance-care planning, and the importance of establishing goals of care. The nature and management of common physical and psychological symptoms are examined, in particular pain and the use of opioids and neuropathic adjuvants. Cancer-directed therapies, specific symptom management, and steroids are discussed. The chapter also includes specific issues around the care of the child and family at the end of life, such as feeding, spiritual distress, and ongoing bereavement care. This chapter is aimed at professionals in the multidisciplinary team caring for children in this context.

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Quality-of-Life Assessment in the Symptom Management Trials of the National Cancer Institute-Supported Community Clinical Oncology Program

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2005.12.181 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 591-598 ◽

Cited By ~ 59

Author(s):

David R. Buchanan ◽

Ann M. O'Mara ◽

Joseph W. Kelaghan ◽

Lori M. Minasian

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Clinical Trials ◽

Clinical Oncology ◽

National Cancer Institute ◽

Symptom Management ◽

Symptom Relief ◽

Life Assessment ◽

Specific Symptom ◽

Community Clinical Oncology Program

Purpose To examine how quality of life (QOL) is prospectively conceptualized, defined, and measured in the symptom management clinical trials supported by the National Cancer Institute Community Clinical Oncology Program (CCOP). Methods All QOL research objectives, rationales, assessment instruments, symptoms treated, and types of interventions from the CCOP symptom management portfolio of clinical trials were extracted and analyzed. Results QOL assessments were proposed in 68 (52%) of the 130 total CCOP symptom management trials initiated since 1987. A total of 22 global QOL instruments were identified. Both the frequency of symptom management trials and the frequency of QOL assessment have increased significantly over time. The Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy and Uniscale instruments were the most widely used QOL instruments, included in 55% of trials assessing QOL. The conceptual framework for QOL inclusion was limited to univariate relationships between symptom relief and global improvements in QOL. No consistent associations were found between QOL assessment and either the symptoms targeted or types of interventions. Conclusion To advance the state of the science, research protocols need to provide more explicit rationales for assessing QOL in symptom management trials and for the selection of the QOL instrument(s) to be used. Conceptual frameworks that specify the hypothesized links between the specific symptom(s) being managed, interactions with other symptoms, different domains of QOL, and global QOL also need to be more precisely described. Methodologic and conceptual advances in QOL symptom management trials are critical to fulfill the promise of alleviating suffering and improving the QOL of cancer patients.

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Translation and Validation of M.D. Anderson Symptom Inventory-Thyroid Cancer Module in Chinese Thyroid Cancer Patients: A Cross-Sectional and Methodological Study

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1155972/v1 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Ziyi Hu ◽

Juxiang Gou ◽

Ming Cai ◽

Yueer Zhang

Keyword(s):

Thyroid Cancer ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Symptom Management ◽

Discriminant Validity ◽

Chinese Version ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

European Organization ◽

Specific Symptom ◽

Symptom Inventory ◽

Cancer Module

Abstract Aim To translate and validate the Chinese version of the MDASI-THY among thyroid cancer patients. Background The M.D. Anderson Symptom Inventory-Thyroid Cancer module (MDASI-THY) is one of well-validated instruments for thyroid-specific symptom assessment. To date, the instrument has not been used in China. Methods After standard forward- and back-translation procedures, two instruments, the Chinese version of MDASI-THY and the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer QLQ C30, were answered by 309 thyroid patients. The content, convergent discriminant validity and reliability of the MDASI-THY were evaluated. The Standards for Reporting Diagnostic Accuracy Studies (STARD) was used as reporting checklist. Results S-CVI and I-CVI of the instrument were over 0.80. There were significant relationships between MDASI-THY and EORTC QLQ-C30 (p<0.001). Symptoms were severer for patients underwent surgical treatment. The Cronbach’s alpha was 0.966 (between 0.954 and 0.827 for subscales). Most symptom items had moderate to high interitem correlations. Conclusions The Chinese version of MDASI-THY demonstrated favorable validity and reliability. It can be used in development of symptom management program in thyroid cancer patients in China. Relevance to clinical practice: Nurse can apply this instrument to assess Chinese thyroid cancer patients to increase the understanding of their symptom experience, resulting in a better symptom management.

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A Scoping Review of Self-Management Interventions Following Spinal Cord Injury

Topics in Spinal Cord Injury Rehabilitation ◽

10.1310/sci2601-36 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (1) ◽

pp. 36-63

Author(s):

Amanda McIntyre ◽

Stephanie L. Marrocco ◽

Samantha A. McRae ◽

Lindsay Sleeth ◽

Sander Hitzig ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Spinal Cord ◽

Spinal Cord Injury ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Symptom Management ◽

Self Management ◽

Broad Perspective ◽

Specific Symptom ◽

Management Interventions ◽

Management Concepts ◽

Cord Injury

Objective: To conduct a scoping review to identify what components of self-management are embedded in self-management interventions for spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods: In accordance with the approach and stages outlined by Arksey and O'Malley (2005), a comprehensive literature search was conducted using five databases. Study characteristics were extracted from included articles, and intervention descriptions were coded using Practical Reviews in Self-Management Support (PRISMS) (Pearce et al, 2016), Barlow et al (2002), and Lorig and Holman's (2003) taxonomy. Results: A total of 112 studies were included representing 102 unique self-management programs. The majority of the programs took an individual approach (52.0%) as opposed to a group (27.4%) or mixed approach (17.6%). While most of the programs covered general information, some provided specific symptom management. Peers were the most common tutor delivering the program material. The most common Barlow components included symptom management ( n = 44; 43.1%), information about condition/treatment ( n = 34; 33.3%), and coping ( n = 33; 32.4%). The most common PRISMS components were information about condition and management ( n = 85; 83.3%), training/rehearsal for psychological strategies ( n = 52; 51.0%), and lifestyle advice and support ( n = 52; 51.0%). The most common Lorig components were taking action ( n = 62; 60.8%), resource utilization ( n = 57; 55.9%), and self-tailoring ( n = 55; 53.9%). Conclusion: Applying self-management concepts to complex conditions such as SCI is only in the earliest stages of development. Despite having studied the topic from a broad perspective, this review reflects an ongoing program of research that links to an initiative to continue refining and testing self-management interventions in SCI.

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Large-cluster and combined fluorescent and gold immunoprobes

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100166920 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 54 ◽

pp. 892-893

Author(s):

Richard D. Powell ◽

James F. Hainfeld ◽

Carol M. R. Halsey ◽

David L. Spector ◽

Shelley Kaurin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metal Cluster ◽

Sulfonyl Chloride ◽

Gel Filtration ◽

Cross Linking ◽

Site Specific ◽

Fab Fragments ◽

Cluster Label ◽

Covalently Linked ◽

Texas Red ◽

Fold Excess

Two new types of covalently linked, site-specific immunoprobes have been prepared using metal cluster labels, and used to stain components of cells. Combined fluorescein and 1.4 nm “Nanogold” labels were prepared by using the fluorescein-conjugated tris (aryl) phosphine ligand and the amino-substituted ligand in the synthesis of the Nanogold cluster. This cluster label was activated by reaction with a 60-fold excess of (sulfo-Succinimidyl-4-N-maleiniido-cyclohexane-l-carboxylate (sulfo-SMCC) at pH 7.5, separated from excess cross-linking reagent by gel filtration, and mixed in ten-fold excess with Goat Fab’ fragments against mouse IgG (obtained by reduction of F(ab’)2 fragments with 50 mM mercaptoethylamine hydrochloride). Labeled Fab’ fragments were isolated by gel filtration HPLC (Superose-12, Pharmacia). A combined Nanogold and Texas Red label was also prepared, using a Nanogold cluster derivatized with both and its protected analog: the cluster was reacted with an eight-fold excess of Texas Red sulfonyl chloride at pH 9.0, separated from excess Texas Red by gel filtration, then deprotected with HC1 in methanol to yield the amino-substituted label.

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The challenge of detecting modifications on proteins

Essays in Biochemistry ◽

10.1042/ebc20190055 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 135-153 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Lauren Elizabeth Smith ◽

Adelina Rogowska-Wrzesinska

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Protein Function ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Lysine Acetylation ◽

Mass Determination ◽

Post Translational Modifications ◽

Site Specific ◽

The Common

Abstract Post-translational modifications (PTMs) are integral to the regulation of protein function, characterising their role in this process is vital to understanding how cells work in both healthy and diseased states. Mass spectrometry (MS) facilitates the mass determination and sequencing of peptides, and thereby also the detection of site-specific PTMs. However, numerous challenges in this field continue to persist. The diverse chemical properties, low abundance, labile nature and instability of many PTMs, in combination with the more practical issues of compatibility with MS and bioinformatics challenges, contribute to the arduous nature of their analysis. In this review, we present an overview of the established MS-based approaches for analysing PTMs and the common complications associated with their investigation, including examples of specific challenges focusing on phosphorylation, lysine acetylation and redox modifications.

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