Bone Health, Bone Mineral Density, and Sports Performance

AbstractConsumption of a high-fat diet, rich in SFA, causes deterioration of bone properties. Some studies suggest that feeding inulin to animals may increase mineral absorption and positively affect bone quality; however, these studies have been carried out only on rodents fed a standard diet. The primary objective of this study was to determine the effect of inulin on bone health of pigs (using it as an animal model for humans) fed a high-fat diet rich in SFA, having an unbalanced ratio of lysine:metabolisable energy. It was hypothesised that inulin reduces the negative effects of such a diet on bone health. At 50 d of age, twenty-one pigs were randomly allotted to three groups: the control (C) group fed a standard diet, and two experimental (T and TI) groups fed a high-fat diet rich in SFA. Moreover, TI pigs consumed an extra inulin supply (7 % of daily feed intake). After 10 weeks, whole-body bone mineral content (P=0·0054) and bone mineral density (P=0·0322) were higher in pigs of groups TI and C compared with those of group T. Femur bone mineral density was highest in pigs in group C, lower in group TI and lowest in group T (P=0·001). Femurs of pigs in groups TI and C had similar, but higher, maximum strength compared with femurs of pigs in group T (P=0·0082). In conclusion, consumption of a high-fat diet rich in SFA adversely affected bone health, but inulin supplementation in such a diet diminishes this negative effect.

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Managing bone health in women with breast cancer under adjuvant treatment with aromatase inhibitors: pretreatment bone mineral density is important

Breast Cancer Research ◽

10.1186/bcr2609 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Christos Markopoulos

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Aromatase Inhibitors ◽

Adjuvant Treatment ◽

Bone Health ◽

Mineral Density

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Associations of Baltic Sea and Mediterranean dietary patterns with bone mineral density in elderly women

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980017001793 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 20 (15) ◽

pp. 2735-2743 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Arja T Erkkilä ◽

Homa Sadeghi ◽

Masoud Isanejad ◽

Jaakko Mursu ◽

Marjo Tuppurainen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Baltic Sea ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Dietary Patterns ◽

Bone Health ◽

Elderly Women ◽

Dietary Factors ◽

Dietary Quality ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Total Body

AbstractObjectiveDietary quality in relation to bone health has been analysed in relatively few studies. The current study aimed to assess the association of the Baltic Sea diet (BSD) and the Mediterranean diet (MD) with bone mineral density (BMD) among elderly women.DesignLumbar, femoral and total body BMD were measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at baseline and year 3. Dietary intake was measured by 3 d food record at baseline. BSD and MD scores were calculated from food and alcohol consumption and nutrient intake. Information on lifestyle, diseases and medications was collected by questionnaires. Longitudinal associations of BSD and MD scores with BMD were analysed using linear mixed models.SettingInterventional prospective Kuopio Osteoporosis Risk Factor and Fracture Prevention study including women aged 65–71 years and residing in Kuopio province, Finland.SubjectsWomen (n 554) with mean age of 67·9 (sd 1·9) years and mean BMI of 28·8 (sd 4·7) kg/m2.ResultsHigher BSD scores were associated with higher intakes of fruit and berries, vegetables, fish and low-fat dairy products, and lower intake of sausage. Higher MD scores were associated with higher consumption of fruit and berries and vegetables. BSD and MD scores were associated with higher PUFA:SFA and higher fibre intake. Femoral, lumbar or total body BMD was not significantly different among the quartiles of BSD or MD score.ConclusionThe lack of associations suggest that Baltic Sea and Mediterranean dietary patterns may not adequately reflect dietary factors relevant to bone health.

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Fractures, Bone Mineral Density, and Final Height in Craniopharyngioma Patients with a Follow-up of 16 Years

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/clinem/dgz279 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 105 (4) ◽

pp. e1397-e1407 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Selveta S van Santen ◽

Daniel S Olsson ◽

Marry M van den Heuvel-Eibrink ◽

Mark Wijnen ◽

Casper Hammarstrand ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Bone Health ◽

Final Height ◽

Z Score ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Childhood Onset ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

T Score

Abstract Context Pituitary hormonal deficiencies in patients with craniopharyngioma may impair their bone health. Objective To investigate bone health in patients with craniopharyngioma. Design Retrospective cross-sectional study. Setting Dutch and Swedish referral centers. Patients Patients with craniopharyngioma (n = 177) with available data on bone health after a median follow-up of 16 years (range, 1-62) were included (106 [60%] Dutch, 93 [53%] male, 84 [48%] childhood-onset disease). Main outcome measures Fractures, dual X-ray absorptiometry-derived bone mineral density (BMD), and final height were evaluated. Low BMD was defined as T- or Z-score ≤-1 and very low BMD as ≤-2.5 or ≤-2.0, respectively. Results Fractures occurred in 31 patients (18%) and were more frequent in men than in women (26% vs. 8%, P = .002). Mean BMD was normal (Z-score total body 0.1 [range, -4.1 to 3.5]) but T- or Z-score ≤-1 occurred in 47 (50%) patients and T-score ≤-2.5 or Z-score ≤-2.0 in 22 (24%) patients. Men received less often treatment for low BMD than women (7% vs. 18%, P = .02). Female sex (OR 0.3, P = .004) and surgery (odds ratio [OR], 0.2; P = .01) were both independent protective factors for fractures, whereas antiepileptic medication was a risk factor (OR, 3.6; P = .03), whereas T-score ≤-2.5 or Z-score ≤-2.0 was not (OR, 2.1; P = .21). Mean final height was normal and did not differ between men and women, or adulthood and childhood-onset patients. Conclusions Men with craniopharyngioma are at higher risk than women for fractures. In patients with craniopharyngioma, a very low BMD (T-score ≤-2.5 or Z-score ≤-2.0) seems not to be a good predictor for fracture risk.

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Muscular Fitness Mediates the Association between 25-Hydroxyvitamin D and Areal Bone Mineral Density in Children with Overweight/Obesity

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu11112760 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (11) ◽

pp. 2760 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Jose J. Gil-Cosano ◽

Luis Gracia-Marco ◽

Esther Ubago-Guisado ◽

Jairo H. Migueles ◽

Jose Mora-Gonzalez ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Bone Mineral Density ◽

Bone Mineral ◽

Bone Health ◽

Handgrip Strength ◽

Height Velocity ◽

Areal Bone Mineral Density ◽

Mineral Density ◽

Muscular Fitness ◽

Standing Long Jump ◽

Long Jump

The association between vitamin D [25(OH)D] and bone health has been widely studied in children. Given that 25(OH)D and bone health are associated with muscular fitness, this could be the cornerstone to understand this relationship. Hence, the purpose of this work was to examine if the relation between 25(OH)D and areal bone mineral density (aBMD) was mediated by muscular fitness in children with overweight/obesity. Eighty-one children (8-11 years, 53 boys) with overweight/obesity were included. Body composition was measured with dual energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA), 25(OH)D was measured in plasma samples and muscular fitness was assessed by handgrip and standing long jump tests (averaged z-scores were used to represent overall muscular fitness). Simple mediation analyses controlling for sex, years from peak height velocity, lean mass and season were carried out. Our results showed that muscular fitness z-score, handgrip strength and standing long jump acted as mediators in the relationship between 25(OH)D and aBMD outcomes (percentages of mediation ranged from 49.6% to 68.3%). In conclusion, muscular fitness mediates the association of 25(OH)D with aBMD in children with overweight/obesity. Therefore, 25(OH)D benefits to bone health could be dependent on muscular fitness in young ages.

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