Forest harvesting systems

2022 ◽  
pp. 295-311
Author(s):  
Donald L. Grebner ◽  
Pete Bettinger ◽  
Jacek P. Siry ◽  
Kevin Boston
Keyword(s):  
Forest Harvesting ◽  
Harvesting Systems

Forest Harvesting Equipment Ownership and Operating Costs in 1984

1986 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis A. Werblow ◽  
Frederick W. Cubbage
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Operating Cost ◽  
Forest Harvesting ◽  
Cost Data ◽  
Operating Costs ◽  
Fixed Costs ◽  
Historical Records ◽  
The South ◽  
Consumption Data ◽  
Harvesting Systems

Abstract Forest harvesting equipment purchase costs in 1984 were determined by a survey of equipment dealers and manufacturers operating in the South. Based on delivered purchase prices, fixed costs for equipment ownership were calculated using machine rate formulas. Equipment operating costs were estimated based on general guidelines, fuel consumption data, and historical records. The fixed and operating cost data can be used when considering equipment investments and analyzing actual or potential harvesting systems.

Forest harvesting impacts on soil properties and vegetation communities in the Northwest Territories

2002 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 713-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael D Bock ◽  
Ken CJ Van Rees
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Forest Harvesting ◽  
Understory Vegetation ◽  
Vegetation Community ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Mixedwood Forests ◽  
Crown Cover ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Harvesting Systems

Management of boreal mixedwood forests in Canada has traditionally relied almost exclusively on the clear-cut silvicultural system. In recent years, greater utilization of the hardwood component of boreal mixedwoods and increased societal concerns over maintenance of the integrity and sustainability of these ecosystems has provided impetus for forest managers to consider alternative silvicultural practices in boreal mixedwood forests. Little is currently known, however, concerning the response of soils and vegetation to forest harvesting systems in the mixedwood forests of the Liard River valley, Northwest Territories (NWT). Therefore, the objective of this study was to quantify the effects of patch clear-cut, strip clear-cut, and clear-cut harvesting systems on soil properties and understory vegetation composition and structure. Treatment sites with 3 or 4 years of recovery since harvesting and adjacent uncut forest sites were sampled using transect methodology. Soil samples were collected and understory vegetation community species composition and percent crown cover were assessed in 1-m2 quadrats. Compared with the range of conditions present in the uncut forest, increases in mineral soil bulk density (2%), exchangeable calcium (7%), LFH horizon thickness (13%), pH (0.2 units), and total organic carbon (5%) and decreases in LFH horizon total nitrogen (6%) and exchangeable potassium (22%) were observed following harvesting. Harvesting resulted in the reduction in crown cover of feathermoss species and increased abundance of shrub and herb species and minimal changes to species composition. Multivariate analysis of the data indicated that the method of harvesting did not result in significant differences in species composition and structure of the understory vegetation community. Overall, winter harvesting of these boreal mixedwood sites did not have a major impact on the majority of soil properties evaluated or on the species composition of the understory vegetation community.

scholarly journals Assessment of Costs in Harvesting Systems Using WoodChainManager Web-based Tool

2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matevž Triplat ◽  
Nike Krajnc
Keyword(s):  
Forest Products ◽  
Economic Loss ◽  
Forest Harvesting ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Material Costs ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Cost Calculations ◽  
The Impact

The rationalization of working procedures during difficult market conditions is gaining increasing importance. For rational production, it is necessary to always be aware of what and how much to invest in the business process to obtain the desired products or services without economic loss. This article presents a tool for the assessment of costs in forest wood supply chains. WoodChainManager is a Web-based tool composed of three user modules intended for the assessment of material costs of individual machines or the total costs of all selected machines in a forest harvesting system. Users can test the impact of individual technologies on the total material costs of the harvesting system and thus optimize operation processes. The basic tool for describing harvesting systems is the matrix, which visualizes cutting and hauling from the standing tree in the stand to the forest products at the end user. The tool has built-in algorithms that prevent the selection of an illogical harvesting system. The selected method for calculating costs for individual machines is simple, but still reflects the state of the actually incurred costs. WoodChainManager offers cost calculations for a wide range of technologies, machines and appurtenant attachments. The authors of this paper wish to increase awareness and understanding of cost calculations and to offer the possibility to directly compare different harvesting systems.

scholarly journals Impacts of Clear Cutting on Diversity of Ground Ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in Pine Plantation Forest in Sukabumi Forest Management Unit, West Java

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-49
Author(s):  
A Budiaman ◽  
◽  
N F Haneda ◽  
A I Nugraha ◽  
F Haikal
Keyword(s):  
Forest Management ◽  
Diversity Index ◽  
Pitfall Trap ◽  
Forest Harvesting ◽  
Pine Plantation ◽  
Plantation Forest ◽  
West Java ◽  
Ant Community ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
Harvesting Systems

Clear cutting is the main source of timber production of plantation forest management in Indonesia, but this activity disrupts the lives of ground ants. It is rarely known how clear cutting affects the ground ant community in the Indonesian plantation forest. The study aimed to analyze the impacts of clear cutting on the diversity of ground ants in the pine plantation forest of Sukabumi, West Java. The study compared the community structure of ground ants before clear cutting and after clear cutting. Ground ants were collected using a pitfall trap. Trapping of ground ants was carried out six days before the clear cutting and six days after the clear cutting. The ground ants were identified to the morphospecies level and classified into their functional role. The results showed that clear cutting alters the community indices of ground ants. Abundance, morphospecies composition, diversity index, richness index, and evenness index of ground ants after clear cutting was lower compared with those before clear cutting. The clear-felled area due to clear cutting provided favorable habitat for the generalist groups of ground ants, but negatively affected the predator and forager groups of ground ants. These findings can be used as an important factor in the development of environmenllyt-friendly forest harvesting systems in Indonesian plantation forests.

Forest Harvesting Systems

2013 ◽  
pp. 287-302
Author(s):  
Donald L. Grebner ◽  
Pete Bettinger ◽  
Jacek P. Siry
Keyword(s):  
Forest Harvesting ◽  
Harvesting Systems

Review of Human Factors Applications in Forest Harvesting

1982 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 271-275
Author(s):  
Leo A. Smith ◽  
Donald L. Sirois
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Environmental Stress ◽  
Forest Harvesting ◽  
Equipment Design ◽  
Work Physiology ◽  
The Past ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Human Factors Research

A review of human factors applications in forest harvesting operations is presented. The discussion covers work physiology, environmental stress, equipment design, and safety. The importance of each topic to forest harvesting and representative human factors studies are described. Several suggestions for research that appears needed are also mentioned. It is concluded that human factors research has significantly contributed to the improvement of forest harvesting systems in the past and that future human factors applications should result in similar benefits.

scholarly journals Analysis of a feller-buncher productivity: a case study of whole-tree harvesting from Marmara region, Turkey

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-110
Author(s):  
Neşe Gülci ◽  
Kıvanç Yüksel ◽  
Sercan Gülci ◽  
Hasan Serin ◽  
Ebru Bilici ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Diameter ◽  
Tree Height ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Forest Harvesting ◽  
Marmara Region ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Whole Tree Harvesting ◽  
Whole Tree ◽  
Diameter Classes ◽  
Tree Harvesting

In fully mechanized forest harvesting systems, tree felling activities are mostly performed by using harvesters or feller-bunchers. In some regions of Turkey, where terrain conditions and stand characteristics are suitable, fully mechanized harvesting systems have been recently practiced by some of the logging contractors as private forest industry demands for large amounts of forest products throughout the year. Thus, performances of these newly practiced harvesting systems should be carefully analyzed in order to implement productive and cost-effective mechanized harvesting systems. In this study, productivity of whole-tree harvesting using a feller-buncher was investigated based on stand parameters including tree height, DBH, and volume. The DBH of the felled trees were divided into four classes (i.e. very small: 16-19 cm, small: 20-23 cm, medium: 24-27 cm and large: 28-31 cm) to investigate the effects of various DBH class on the time consumption of cutting stage and productivity of the feller-buncher. To estimate productivity of feller-buncher in harvesting operation, multiple linear and polynomial regressions were also developed and discussed after the interpretation of diagnostic plots. The results indicated that the average productivity of the feller-buncher was 74.96 m3 /h which was closely related with tree height (r = 0.63), DBH (r = 0.67), and volume (r = 0.67). The average moving time was the most time-consuming stage (60%), followed by cutting (29%) and bunching stages (11%). It was found that DBH classes caused statistically significant (p < 0.05) effects on the time spent on cutting stage and productivity of the feller-buncher. The cutting time and productivity increased from very small to large diameter classes, while bunching time increased from very small to small diameter and then medium diameter to large diameter classes. Polynomial regression had a positive impact on the performance of the estimation model of manually field-measured data based on the error parameters.

scholarly journals Selected Environmental Impacts of Forest Harvesting Operations with Varying Degree of Mechanization

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric R. Labelle ◽  
Kevin J. Lemmer
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Rotation Period ◽  
Forest Harvesting ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Mechanized System

Climate change affects forest ecosystems, impacting timber production and eco-services. Conversely, sustainable forest management has been identified as a means to help mitigate carbon dioxide emissions, a greenhouse gas and contributor to climate change, while also maximizing multiuse benefits through close-to-nature silviculture. In this study, a life cycle assessment was performed on forest harvesting operations at three research sites to provide real-world understanding of the selected environmental impacts associated with harvesting systems typical of Germany: motor-manual (chainsaw and forest tractor), semi-mechanized (single-grip harvester, chainsaw, and forwarder), and fully-mechanized (single-grip harvester and forwarder). Environmental impact categories assessed included greenhouse gas emissions, particulate matter emissions, and non-renewable energy consumption. Results from the three research sites were estimated on a machine basis. The semi-mechanized system resulted in the lowest environmental impact, the majority of which was attributed to felling and processing operations. Next, the environmental impacts were estimated for a complete rotation period and compared amongst the different harvesting systems. According to results, semi-mechanized harvesting systems had the lowest impact over the full rotation period as well as for thinning treatments when compared to motor-manual and fully-mechanized systems. The fully-mechanized system performed the best for final felling treatments. Considering variability between the research sites as well as the system boundary assessed, a diversified approach to harvesting operations may be considered, integrating semi-mechanized and fully-mechanized systems for different treatments throughout the rotation period.

scholarly journals Performance of a whole tree mechanised timber harvesting system when clear-felling a 32-year-old Pinus taeda L. stand

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natali De Oliveira Pitz ◽  
Jean Alberto Sampietro ◽  
Erasmo Luis Tonett ◽  
Luis Henrique Ferrari ◽  
Philipe Ricardo Casemiro Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pinus Taeda ◽  
Timber Harvesting ◽  
Forest Harvesting ◽  
Operational Performance ◽  
Time And Motion ◽  
Motion Study ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Pinus Taeda L ◽  
Tree Extraction ◽  
Whole Tree

Background: Work studies are fundamental for the development and assessment of timber harvesting systems aimed at rationalising and improving forest management activities.   Methods: This study evaluated the operational performance of a mechanised whole-tree harvesting system in 32-year-old Pinus taeda L. stands producing multiple timber products. A time and motion study at the cycle element level was conducted to evaluate the operational performance of each component of the harvesting system. Equations were developed to estimate the productivity of tree extraction activity with a wheeled skidder and log loading with a mechanical loader. Results: Tree felling with an excavator-based harvester had the highest mean productivity (135 m3 per productive machine hour), followed by tree extraction with a wheeled skidder (117 m3 per productive machine hour), while manually processing larger logs with a chainsaw had the lowest productivity (25.7 m3 per productive machine hour). Operator, extraction distance and mean log volume had a significant effect on the performance of different activities and were included in productivity models. Conclusions: Operational performance of equipment was variable and dependent on the effect of the operator, extraction distance and log volume. Thus, the use of models to estimate productivity considering such factors, coupled with reduced delays to increase utilisation of equipment, will contribute to the better management and planning of forest harvesting operations under the evaluated conditions.

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