Sustainable utilization of slags

This study aims to determine the role of globalization, electronic government, financial development, concerning the moderation of institutional quality in reducing income inequality and poverty in One Belt One Road countries. The electronic government and regional integration of the economies of the One Belt One Road countries has increased globalization and can play a vital role in reducing income inequality and poverty. However, this globalization and digital transformation of government systems can only be beneficial in the presence of good institutional quality. The sample includes 64 One Belt One Road countries from 2003 to 2018. We employed a two-step system generalized method of moment (Sys-GMM) and a robustness check through Driscoll–Kraay standard errors regression. Our findings show that globalization, economic growth, e-government development, government expenditure, and inflation have a statistically significant and negative impact on income inequality and are key to eradicating income inequality and poverty. On the other hand, financial development, gross capital formation, and population size positively influence income inequality, which causes an increase in poverty and income inequality as financial development and population levels increase. Moderating variable institutional quality also positively impacts income inequality, which means that institutional quality in Belt and Road Countries is weak, as they are mostly developing countries that need to improve their systems. Moreover, the marginal effect also revealed that institutional quality has a corrective effect on the factors’ relationship with income inequality. Our findings endorse and conclude that globalization and e-government development improve economic growth and eradicate poverty and income inequality by boosting digitalization, investments, job creation, and wage increases for semi-skilled and unskilled human capital in Belt and Road countries. The sustainable utilization of financial and institutional resources plays a vital role in reducing income inequality and poverty in Belt and Road countries.

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Purification of Eucalyptus globulus water prehydrolyzates using the HiTAC process (high-temperature adsorption on activated charcoal)

Holzforschung ◽

10.1515/hf.2011.065 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 65 (4) ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Jenny Sabrina Gütsch ◽

Herbert Sixta

Keyword(s):

High Temperature ◽

Room Temperature ◽

Adsorption Process ◽

Value Added ◽

Sustainable Utilization ◽

Pulp And Paper Mills ◽

Paper Mills ◽

Charcoal Adsorption ◽

Increasing Temperature ◽

Value Added Products

Abstract The implementation of biorefinery concepts into existing pulp and paper mills is a key step for a sustainable utilization of the natural resource wood. Water prehydrolysis of wood is an interesting process for the recovery of xylo-oligosaccharides and derivatives thereof, while at the same time cellulose is preserved to a large extent for subsequent dissolving pulp production. The recovery of value-added products out of autohydrolyzates is frequently hindered by extensive lignin precipitation, especially at high temperatures. In this study, a new high-temperature adsorption process (HiTAC process) was developed, where lignin is removed directly after the autohydrolysis, which enables further processing of the autohydrolyzates. The suitability of activated charcoals as a selective adsorbent for lignin under process-relevant conditions (150 and 170°C) has not been considered up to now, because former experiments showed decreasing efficiency of charcoal adsorption of lignin with increasing temperature in the range 20–80°C. In contrast to these results, we demonstrated that the adsorption of lignin at 170°C directly after autohydrolysis is even more efficient than after cooling the hydrolyzate to room temperature. The formation of lignin precipitation and incrustations can thus be efficiently prevented by the HiTAC process. The carbohydrates in the autohydrolysis liquor remain unaffected over a wide charcoal concentration range and can be further processed to yield valuable products.

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A two-stage biomass model to assess the English Channel cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis L.) stock

ICES Journal of Marine Science ◽

10.1093/icesjms/fsu081 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 71 (9) ◽

pp. 2457-2468 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Michaël Gras ◽

Beatriz A. Roel ◽

Franck Coppin ◽

Eric Foucher ◽

Jean-Paul Robin

Keyword(s):

Reference Points ◽

Sea Surface ◽

Sepia Officinalis ◽

Sustainable Utilization ◽

English Channel ◽

Two Stage ◽

Stock Biomass ◽

Exploitation Rate ◽

Spawning Stock ◽

Age Structured

Abstract The English Channel cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) is the most abundant cephalopod resource in the Northeast Atlantic and one of the three most valuable resources for English Channel fishers. Depletion methods and age-structured models have been used to assess the stock, though they have shown limitations related to the model assumptions and data demand. A two-stage biomass model is, therefore, proposed here using, as input data, four abundance indices derived from survey and commercial trawl data collected by Ifremer and Cefas. The model suggests great interannual variability in abundance during the 17 years of the period considered and a decreasing trend in recent years. Model results suggest that recruitment strength is independent of spawning–stock biomass, but appears to be influenced by environmental conditions such as sea surface temperature at the start of the life cycle. Trends in exploitation rate do not reveal evidence of overexploitation. Reference points are proposed and suggestions for management of the sustainable utilization of cuttlefish in the English Channel are advanced.

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Pretreatment of brewery effluent to cultivate Spirulina sp. for nutrients removal and biomass production

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2017.363 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 76 (7) ◽

pp. 1852-1866 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Qian Lu ◽

Hui Liu ◽

Wen Liu ◽

Yuming Zhong ◽

Caibing Ming ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anaerobic Digestion ◽

Protein Content ◽

Algal Biomass ◽

Oil Content ◽

Sustainable Utilization ◽

Nutrients Removal ◽

Nutrient Profile ◽

Algae Cultivation ◽

Appropriate Treatment ◽

Brewery Effluent

Due to the low concentration of nitrate and high contents of organics, brewery effluent was not suitable for the cultivation of Spirulina sp. This work changed the nutrient profile of brewery effluent effectively by dilution, addition of nitrate, and anaerobic digestion. The result showed that the optimum dilution rate and NaNO3 addition for brewery effluent were 20% and 0.5 g/L, respectively. Spirulina sp. grown in pretreated brewery effluent produced 1.562 mg/L biomass and reduced concentrations of nutrients to reach the permissible dischargeable limits. In addition, Spirulina sp. grown in pretreated brewery effluent had much higher protein content and oil content. So the appropriate treatment converted brewery effluent into a nutrient balanced medium for algae cultivation and alleviated the potential environmental problems. Pretreatment procedure developed in this work is an effective way to realize the sustainable utilization of brewery effluent and produce algal biomass with valuable nutrients.

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