Pretreatment of brewery effluent to cultivate Spirulina sp. for nutrients removal and biomass production

Due to the low concentration of nitrate and high contents of organics, brewery effluent was not suitable for the cultivation of Spirulina sp. This work changed the nutrient profile of brewery effluent effectively by dilution, addition of nitrate, and anaerobic digestion. The result showed that the optimum dilution rate and NaNO3 addition for brewery effluent were 20% and 0.5 g/L, respectively. Spirulina sp. grown in pretreated brewery effluent produced 1.562 mg/L biomass and reduced concentrations of nutrients to reach the permissible dischargeable limits. In addition, Spirulina sp. grown in pretreated brewery effluent had much higher protein content and oil content. So the appropriate treatment converted brewery effluent into a nutrient balanced medium for algae cultivation and alleviated the potential environmental problems. Pretreatment procedure developed in this work is an effective way to realize the sustainable utilization of brewery effluent and produce algal biomass with valuable nutrients.

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NaOH–urea pretreatment for biogas enhancement from algal biomass anaerobic digestion

Journal of Renewable and Sustainable Energy ◽

10.1063/5.0048341 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 033102

Author(s):

RuiZhe Feng ◽

Asad A. Zaidi ◽

QiaoYan Li ◽

Kun Zhang ◽

Yue Shi

Keyword(s):

Anaerobic Digestion ◽

Algal Biomass

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Effect of varying seeding rates on hybrid and conventional summer rape performance in Manitoba

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps92-079 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 72 (3) ◽

pp. 635-641 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

A. E. Van Deynze ◽

P. B. E. McVetty ◽

R. Scarth ◽

S. R. Rimmer

Keyword(s):

Protein Content ◽

Chlorophyll Content ◽

Seed Yield ◽

Harvest Index ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Oil Content ◽

Seed Quality ◽

Seeding Rate ◽

Seed Formation ◽

Matter Production

To compare the effects of varying seeding rate on the agronomic performance, phenology and seed quality of hybrid and conventional summer rape cultivars, four hybrid and two conventional summer rape cultivars were seeded at 1.5, 3.0, 4.5, 6.0 and 9.0 kg ha−1 at two locations for 3 yr. The hybrid cultivars were, very importantly, 24% higher yielding and produced 50% more total dry matter than the conventional cultivars. The hybrid cultivars were, on average, 1.3% lower in seed oil content, 1.0% higher in seed protein content and equal in sum of oil and protein in the seed compared with the conventional cultivars. The hybrid cultivars were on average, 1.3 d later to 50% flowering and 1.1 d later to maturity than the average for the conventional cultivars, (i.e., equal or earlier to flowering and maturity than Regent). The hybrid cultivars were also 3.9% lower in harvest index and 1.3 ppm lower in chlorophyll content than the conventional cultivars. In spite of these differences, there were no significant cultivar-by-seeding-rate interactions, indicating that the hybrid and conventional cultivars responded similarly to varying seeding rate. Lodging, days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, harvest index, survival, oil content and protein content displayed significant linear responses to varying seeding rate. Stand at maturity, seed yield and total dry matter production displayed significant linear and quadratic responses to varying seeding rate. Varying seeding rate had no effect on seed formation period, the sum of oil and protein content, or chlorophyll content. A seeding rate of 6 kg ha−1 maximized seed yield for both hybrid and conventional summer rape cultivars.Key words: Brassica napus, canola, seed quality, agronomy, phenology

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The use of microalgae and their culture medium for biogas production in an integrated cycle

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2013.803 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 69 (5) ◽

pp. 941-946 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

E. L. Formagini ◽

F. R. Marques ◽

M. L. Serejo ◽

P. L. Paulo ◽

M. A. Boncz

Keyword(s):

Anaerobic Digestion ◽

Culture Medium ◽

Biogas Production ◽

Algal Growth ◽

Culture Broth ◽

Strong Tendency ◽

Stable Operation ◽

Microalgae Cultivation ◽

Algae Cultivation ◽

Batch Tests

Vinasse is a residue produced in large quantities as a sub-product of ethanol production. Anaerobic digestion of vinasse can yield large amounts of biogas, but often difficulties arise in maintaining stable operation, due to the acidity of the material (which has a pH between 3.5 and 5) and a strong tendency to further acidification. Anaerobically digested vinasse can be used as part of a culture medium for microalgae cultivation, for the production of biodiesel and other compounds, whilst the excess CO2 produced in the ethanol fermentation can be used to stimulate algal growth. During algae cultivation, the pH of the culture medium has a strong tendency to increase; therefore, recycling of the spent culture medium or the concentrated algae suspension to the anaerobic digester treating vinasse was considered an option for pH stabilization there. Batch tests, however, showed that alkalinity of the spent culture broth, in spite of its high pH, is too low (only 350 mgCaCO3L−1) to help stabilise the pH of vinasse digestion. Alkalinity of the algae suspension is higher and digestion of a mixture of vinasse and a suspension of algae results in efficient biogas production, but still the alkalinity is insufficient to stabilise the pH in a range suitable for methanogenic microorganisms; hence, the addition of additional alkalinity, for instance as sodium bicarbonate or urea, remains necessary.

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GENETIC DIVERSITY IN NON-OILSEED SUNFLOWER (Helianthus annuus L.) GENOTYPES / DIVERSIDAD GENETICA DE GENOTIPOS NO OLEAGINOSOS DEL GIRASOL (Helianthus annuus L.) / DIVERSITÉ GÉNÉTIQUE DANS LES GÉNOTYPES DE TOURNESOL NON-OLÉAGINEUX (Helianthus annuus L.)

Helia ◽

10.1515/helia.2001.24.34.17 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 24 (34) ◽

pp. 17-24

Author(s):

K. Manjula ◽

H.L. Nadaf ◽

K. Giriraj

Keyword(s):

Genetic Diversity ◽

Protein Content ◽

Helianthus Annuus ◽

Plant Height ◽

Genetic Divergence ◽

Oil Content ◽

Diversité Génétique ◽

Helianthus Annuus L ◽

Volume Weight ◽

Seed Characteristics

SUMMARYGenetic diversity was assessed in 46 non-oilseed sunflower genotypes for 14 characters by adopting D2 analysis. Oil content and plant height exhibited maximum contributions towards genetic divergence. The genotypes were grouped into 11 clusters. The inter-cluster D2 values ranged from 288.17 to 3972.34. The contribution of oil content towards genetic divergence in the 46 genotypes was confirmed when D2 analysis was performed for seed characteristics such as test weight, volume weight, hull content, kernel recovery, oil and protein content.

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Effect of biofertilizer obtained by anaerobic digestion of cassava effluent on the development of crambe plants

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v21n10p681-685 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 21 (10) ◽

pp. 681-685 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Andressa C. Neves ◽

Camila N. Bergamini ◽

Rafaela de O. Leonardo ◽

Manoel P. Gonçalves ◽

Dilcemara C. Zenatti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anaerobic Digestion ◽

Plant Development ◽

Root Biomass ◽

Oil Content ◽

Final Height ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Randomized Design ◽

Completely Randomized Design ◽

Shoot And Root Biomass ◽

Number Of Branches

ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effect of applying increasing doses of biofertilizer obtained by the anaerobic digestion of cassava effluent on the development of crambe plants. The experiment was conducted in a protected environment at the Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Palotina Sector, between April and August 2015. A completely randomized design was used, and five different treatments with the following doses were applied in five replicates: 0, 40, 80, 120, and 160 kg ha-1 of K2O. The following parameters related to plant development were evaluated: final height, stem diameter, number of branches, dry shoot and root biomass, mass of the grains, and oil content. The 160 kg K2O ha-1 dose was found to have the best influence on the plant development, because all the measured parameters reached their highest values at this dose, except for oil content, which attained the highest percentage in the case of the control treatment (0 kg ha-1 of K2O). This study proved that the biofertilizer obtained by anaerobic digestion of cassava effluent can be used as an alternative to regular fertilizers in cultivating crambe.

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Discovery and Transfer of Genes from Wild Zea Germplasm to Improve Grain Oil and Protein Composition of Temperate Maize

10.32747/1998.7580683.bard ◽

1998 ◽

Author(s):

Margaret Smith ◽

Nurit Katzir ◽

Susan McCouch ◽

Yaakov Tadmor

Keyword(s):

Protein Content ◽

Oil Content ◽

Grain Quality ◽

Yield Potential ◽

Absolute Difference ◽

Recurrent Parent ◽

Agricultural Commodity ◽

Advanced Backcross ◽

Maize Varieties ◽

Project Objectives

Project Objectives 1. Develop and amplify two interspecific populations (annual and perennial teosintes x elite maize inbred) as the basis for genetic analysis of grain quality. 2. Identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) from teosinte that improve oil, protein, and essential amino acid composition of maize grain. 3. Develop near isogenic lines (NILs) to quantify QTL contributions to grain quality and as a resource for future breeding and gene cloning efforts. 4. Analyze the contribution of these QTLs to hybrid performance in both the US and Israel. 5. Measure the yield potential of improved grain quality hybrids. (NOTE: Yield potential could not be evaluated due to environmentally-caused failure of the breeding nursery where seed was produced for this evaluation.) Background: Maize is a significant agricultural commodity worldwide. As an open pollinated crop, variation within the species is large and, in most cases, sufficient to supply the demand for modem varieties and for new environments. In recent years there is a growing demand for maize varieties with special quality attributes. While domesticated sources of genetic variation for high oil and protein content are limited, useful alleles for these traits may remain in maize's wild relative, teosinte. We utilized advanced backcross (AB) analysis to search for QTLs contributing to oil and protein content from two teosinte accessions: Zea mays ssp. mexicana Race Chalco, an annual teosinte (referred to as Chalco), and Z diploperennis Race San Miguel, a perennial teosinte (referred to as Diplo). Major Conclusions and Achievements Two NILs targeting a Diplo introgression in bin 1.04 showed a significant increase in oil content in homozygous sib-pollinated seed when compared to sibbed seed of their counterpart non-introgressed controls. These BC4S2 NILs, referred to as D-RD29 and D-RD30, carry the Diplo allele in bin 1.04 and the introgression extends partially into bins 1.03 and 1.05. These NILs remain heterozygous in bins 4.01 and 8.02, but otherwise are homozygous for the recurrent parent (RD6502) alleles. NILs were developed also for the Chalco introgression in bin 1.04 but these do not show any improvement in oil content, suggesting that the Chalco alleles differ from the Diplo alleles in this region. Testcross Fl seed and sibbed grain from these Fl plants did not show any effect on oil content from this introgression, suggesting that it would need to be present in both parents of a maize hybrid to have an effect on oil content. Implications, both Scientific and Agricultural The Diplo region identified increases oil content by 12.5% (from 4.8% to 5.4% oil in the seed). Although this absolute difference is not large in agronomic terms, this locus could provide additive increases to oil content in combination with other maize-derived loci for high oil. To our knowledge, this is the first confirmed report of a QTL from teosinte for improved grain oil content in maize. It suggests that further research on grain quality alleles from maize wild relatives would be of both scientific and agricultural interest.

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Anaerobic Digestion of Whole and Lipid-Extracted Algal Biomass from Four Industrial Strains - Determination of Important Methane and Nutrient Information

10.13031/aim.20131618699 ◽

2013 ◽

Author(s):

Craig Frear ◽

Baisuo Zhao ◽

Jingwei Ma ◽

Quanbao Zhao

Keyword(s):

Anaerobic Digestion ◽

Algal Biomass ◽

Industrial Strains

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The plant nutrition impact on the quality and quantity parameters of maize hybrids grain yield based on different statistical methods

Cereal Research Communications ◽

10.1007/s42976-020-00074-5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 565-573

Author(s):

Árpád Illés ◽

S. M. Nasir Mousavi ◽

Csaba Bojtor ◽

Janos Nagy

Keyword(s):

Grain Yield ◽

Protein Content ◽

Oil Content ◽

Starch Content ◽

Block Design ◽

Maximum Yield ◽

Maize Hybrids ◽

Randomized Block Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Npk Fertilizer

AbstractIn recent years, producers of agricultural products have increased the use of chemical fertilizers per unit area. The goal of this research was to analyze the interaction of genotype in treatment (NPK fertilizer) on grain yield, protein content, oil content, and the starch content on 13 maize hybrids using analysis by the model of additive and multiplier effects AMMI and to evaluate genotypes, treatments, and their interactions using biplot in Hungary. Treatments include NPK0 (N: 0 kg/ha, P2O5:0 kg/ha, K2O: 0 kg/ha), NPK1 (N: 30 kg/ha, P2O5: 23 kg/ha, K2O: 27 kg/ha), NPK2 (N: 60 kg/ha, P2O5: 46 kg/ha, K2O: 54 kg/ha), NPK3 (N: 90 kg/ha, P2O5: 69 kg/ha, K2O: 81 kg/ha), NPK4 (N: 120 kg/ha, P2O5: 92 kg/ha, K2O: 108 kg/ha), NPK5 (N: 150 kg/ha, P2O5: 115 kg/ha, K2O: 135 kg/ha) in four replications based on complete randomized block design in 2019. The NPK fertilizer effects indicate that the fertilizers are different on yield genotype. AMMI analysis showed that there was a significant difference between genotypes, treatment, and the interaction effect of genotype * treatment at one percent. Besides, the maximum yield had Loupiac and NPK3 on grain yield, Loupiac and NPK2 on oil content, P0023, and NPK3 for starch content, DKC 3/ES4725 (DKC4725) and NPK3 for protein content. Also, GGE biplot analysis indicates that had maximum grain yield in Loupiac, protein content in P9978, oil content in MV Maronetta, and starch content in Sushi.

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