Valorization of fruit processing by-product streams into integrated biorefinery concepts: extraction of value-added compounds and bioconversion to chemicals

Every year, the anthropic activities generate thousands of tonnes of agro-industrial residues, which create serious disposal problems and have a very important economic and environmental impact. At this time, the most popular way of their disposing is degradation by biological and/or biochemical and/or thermal treatments; however, they often contain significant percentages of useful compounds that can be extracted and used in several sectors, thus representing an opportunity to be exploited through the development of eco-compatible/sustainable technologies with low environmental impact.

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Integrated Biorefinery Processes for Conversion of Lignocellulosic Biomass to Value Added Materials: Paving a Path Towards Circular Economy

Bioresource Technology ◽

10.1016/j.biortech.2021.126151 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 126151

Author(s):

G. Velvizhi ◽

K. Balakumar ◽

Nagaraj P. Shetti ◽

Ejaz Ahmad ◽

Kamal Kishore Pant ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽

Circular Economy ◽

Value Added ◽

Integrated Biorefinery

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Microbe Mediated Bioconversion of Fruit Waste Into Value Added Products

Handbook of Research on Microbial Tools for Environmental Waste Management - Advances in Environmental Engineering and Green Technologies ◽

10.4018/978-1-5225-3540-9.ch004 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 57-78

Author(s):

Mridul Umesh ◽

Thazeem Basheer

Keyword(s):

Raw Materials ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Oxygen Demand ◽

Value Added ◽

Single Cell Protein ◽

Cell Protein ◽

Fruit Waste ◽

Fruit Processing ◽

Processing Wastes ◽

Value Added Products

Biosynthetic capabilities of microbes have solved several hurdles in the human welfare. Microbes have served and continue to serve as imperial candidates in both production and management strategies. Microbe mediated techniques has emerged as ecofriendly and sustainable alternative to their synthetic counterparts. Fruit based industries produces large volumes of solid and liquid wastes contributing to increase in pollution load. Disposal of these waste not only represent loss of valuable biomass but also leads to substantial increase in Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD) and Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD). However, in spite of their pollution and hazard aspects, in many cases, fruit processing wastes have a promising potential for being chief raw materials for secondary industries. This chapter summarizes microbe mediated fermentative utilization of fruit waste, for the production of value added products like organic acid, single cell protein, bioplastics, enzymes and biogas.

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Upcycling chitin-containing waste into organonitrogen chemicals via an integrated process

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.1919862117 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 117 (14) ◽

pp. 7719-7728 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

Xiaoqiang Ma ◽

Gökalp Gözaydın ◽

Huiying Yang ◽

Wenbo Ning ◽

Xi Han ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wide Spectrum ◽

Value Added ◽

Direct Conversion ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Integrated Biorefinery ◽

E Coli ◽

Shrimp Shell ◽

Shell Waste ◽

Shrimp Shell Waste ◽

Value Added Products

Chitin is the most abundant renewable nitrogenous material on earth and is accessible to humans in the form of crustacean shell waste. Such waste has been severely underutilized, resulting in both resource wastage and disposal issues. Upcycling chitin-containing waste into value-added products is an attractive solution. However, the direct conversion of crustacean shell waste-derived chitin into a wide spectrum of nitrogen-containing chemicals (NCCs) is challenging via conventional catalytic processes. To address this challenge, in this study, we developed an integrated biorefinery process to upgrade shell waste-derived chitin into two aromatic NCCs that currently cannot be synthesized from chitin via any chemical process (tyrosine andl-DOPA). The process involves a pretreatment of chitin-containing shell waste and an enzymatic/fermentative bioprocess using metabolically engineeredEscherichia coli. The pretreatment step achieved an almost 100% recovery and partial depolymerization of chitin from shrimp shell waste (SSW), thereby offering water-soluble chitin hydrolysates for the downstream microbial process under mild conditions. The engineeredE. colistrains produced 0.91 g/L tyrosine or 0.41 g/Ll-DOPA from 22.5 g/L unpurified SSW-derived chitin hydrolysates, demonstrating the feasibility of upcycling renewable chitin-containing waste into value-added NCCs via this integrated biorefinery, which bypassed the Haber–Bosch process in providing a nitrogen source.

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Fruit Processing By-Products: A Rich Source for Bioactive Compounds and Value Added Products

Food Processing By-Products and their Utilization ◽

10.1002/9781118432921.ch2 ◽

2017 ◽

pp. 11-26 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Medina-Meza Ilce Gabriela ◽

Ganjyal Girish

Keyword(s):

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Value Added ◽

Rich Source ◽

Fruit Processing ◽

By Products ◽

Value Added Products

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Chemical characterization of the pulp, peel and seeds of cocona (Solanum sessiliflorum Dunal)

BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF FOOD TECHNOLOGY ◽

10.1590/1981-6723.4314 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 18 (3) ◽

pp. 192-198 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Liliana SERNA-COCK ◽

Diana Patricia VARGAS-MUÑOZ ◽

Carlos Andrés RENGIFO-GUERRERO

Keyword(s):

Dietary Fibre ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Functional Foods ◽

Food Additives ◽

Chemical Characterization ◽

Value Added ◽

Mineral Contents ◽

Fruit Processing ◽

Value Added Products

Summary The chemical characterization of the pulp, peel and seeds of cocona (Solanum sessiliflorum Dunal) was determined. In artisanal fruit processing, 26.3% of peel and 9.7% of seeds were obtained. The seeds showed a high potential for the development of value-added products because of their dry matter contents (23.46%) as follows: carbohydrate (69.37% dry basis (d.b.)), nitrogen (3.18 g/100 g of seed d.b.), K (0.023 g/100 g of seed d.b.), Fe (0.0185 g/100 g of seed d.b.) and dietary fiber (21.27 g/100 g of seed d.b.). The carbohydrate, dietary fibre and mineral contents of the pulp, peel and seeds also highlighted the agroindustrial potential of the fruit in that these constituents could be used to develop functional foods, food additives, preparations for functional diets and dietary supplements.

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An integrated biorefinery concept for conversion of sugar beet pulp into value-added chemicals and pharmaceutical intermediates

Faraday Discussions ◽

10.1039/c7fd00094d ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 202 ◽

pp. 415-431 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Max Cárdenas-Fernández ◽

Maria Bawn ◽

Charlotte Hamley-Bennett ◽

Penumathsa K. V. Bharat ◽

Fabiana Subrizi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sugar Beet ◽

Animal Feed ◽

Value Added ◽

Sugar Beet Pulp ◽

High Yield ◽

Integrated Biorefinery ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Beet Pulp ◽

Commercial Yeast ◽

The Uk

Over 8 million tonnes of sugar beet are grown annually in the UK. Sugar beet pulp (SBP) is the main by-product of sugar beet processing which is currently dried and sold as a low value animal feed. SBP is a rich source of carbohydrates, mainly in the form of cellulose and pectin, including d-glucose (Glu), l-arabinose (Ara) and d-galacturonic acid (GalAc). This work describes the technical feasibility of an integrated biorefinery concept for the fractionation of SBP and conversion of these monosaccharides into value-added products. SBP fractionation is initially carried out by steam explosion under mild conditions to yield soluble pectin and insoluble cellulose fractions. The cellulose is readily hydrolysed by cellulases to release Glu that can then be fermented by a commercial yeast strain to produce bioethanol at a high yield. The pectin fraction can be either fully hydrolysed, using physico-chemical methods, or selectively hydrolysed, using cloned arabinases and galacturonases, to yield Ara-rich and GalAc-rich streams. These monomers can be separated using either Centrifugal Partition Chromatography (CPC) or ultrafiltration into streams suitable for subsequent enzymatic upgrading. Building on our previous experience with transketolase (TK) and transaminase (TAm) enzymes, the conversion of Ara and GalAc into higher value products was explored. In particular the conversion of Ara into l-gluco-heptulose (GluHep), that has potential therapeutic applications in hypoglycaemia and cancer, using a mutant TK is described. Preliminary studies with TAm also suggest GluHep can be selectively aminated to the corresponding chiral aminopolyol. The current work is addressing the upgrading of the remaining SBP monomer, GalAc, and the modelling of the biorefinery concept to enable economic and Life Cycle Analysis (LCA).

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