Analysis of bottled and process water

The need for deinking mills to reduce their fresh water consumption has resulted in higher loads of various contaminants in the process water. Lower recovered paper quality also leads to higher contamination levels in the mills. This higher load has an influence on achievable target brightness. The objective of the work was to determine and explain the main reasons for relatively poor deinked pulp quality or poor deinking potential based on the influence of recovered paper composition and process water quality. The process water parameters significantly affect the deinking potential of recovered paper. The test results showed the negative effects of increased water hardness. For standard recovered paper mixtures, flotation selectivity is higher with increasing flotation pH-value. Good results were realized for standard recovered paper with low hardness, low surface tension, and high pH-value. The results for recovered paper containing flexo newsprint could be slightly improved with low hardness, low surface tension, and low pH-value. The results of the test program using design of experiments showed interacting effects of pH-value and surface tension on luminosity and flotation selectivity.

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Optical analysis of ink and other contaminants in process waters

TAPPI Journal ◽

10.32964/tj11.8.51 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 51-58

Author(s):

ANTTI HAAPALA ◽

MIKA KÖRKKÖ ◽

ELISA KOIVURANTA ◽

JOUKO NIINIMÄKI

Keyword(s):

Optically Active ◽

Process Water ◽

Paper Machine ◽

Optical Analysis ◽

Direct Process ◽

Active Components ◽

Water Contaminants ◽

Dependent Measurement ◽

Measurement Methodology

Analysis methods developed specifically to determine the presence of ink and other optically active components in paper machine white waters or other process effluents are not available. It is generally more interest¬ing to quantify the effect of circulation water contaminants on end products. This study compares optical techniques to quantify the dirt in process water by two methods for test media preparation and measurement: direct process water filtration on a membrane foil and low-grammage sheet formation. The results show that ink content values obtained from various analyses cannot be directly compared because of fundamental issues involving test media preparation and the varied methodologies used to formulate the results, which may be based on different sets of assumptions. The use of brightness, luminosity, and reflectance and the role of scattering measurements as a part of ink content analysis are discussed, along with fine materials retention and measurement media selection. The study concludes with practical tips for case-dependent measurement methodology selection.

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Improving the methods to improve the stability of hydrotechnical structures in Yakutia

Melioration and Water Management ◽

10.32962/0235-2524-2019-1-37-39 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 37-39

Author(s):

M LOSKIN

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Production ◽

Hydraulic Engineering ◽

Process Water ◽

Small Rivers ◽

Limiting Factor ◽

Safe Operation ◽

Central Yakutia ◽

Agricultural Water Supply ◽

Temperature Impact ◽

The Stability

Problems of providing the population and agricultural production by qualitative potable and process water in the Central Yakutia are covered. This territory belongs to the region with acute shortage of water resources which is always a limiting factor of development of agricultural production. For the solution of this burning issue in the 80th years of the last century along the small rivers the systems of hydraulic engineering constructions providing requirements with process water practically of all settlements of the Central Yakutia were constructed. At a construction of all hydraulic engineering buildings the method of construction with preservation of soils of the basis of constructions in a frozen state was applied. When warming the climate which is observed in recent years hydraulic engineering constructions built in regions of a wide spread occurance of breeds of an ice complex and with the considerable volume of water weight, were especially vulnerable. On character and a design they experience continuous threat of damage and demand very attentive relation from the operating organizations. Taking this into account, safe operation of hydraulic engineering constructions in a zone of distribution of permafrost breeds demands new approaches. The article examines features of hydraulic engineering constructions’ operation of agricultural water supply objects in the Central Yakutia. Distinctiveness of hydraulic engineering constructions’ operation is that stability of constructions is intimately bound to temperature impact of a reservoir on ground dams’ body and the basis of constructions. The possibility of inclusion of ways for an intensification of a freezing of constructions in the structure of operational actions is studied. The new method on safe operation of hydraulic engineering constructions as prewinter abatement of the water level in a reservoir accounting volumes and norms of water consumption of the settlement is offered.

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EFFECTS OF COAGULANTS ON THE DCS ACCUMULATION IN PROCESS WATER OF PAPERMAKING

Environmental Engineering and Management Journal ◽

10.30638/eemj.2008.029 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 7 (3) ◽

pp. 269-276 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Elena Bobu ◽

Dan Belosinschi

Keyword(s):

Process Water

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Solids Concentrations in a Treatment Plant Effluent

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1992.0783 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 26 (9-11) ◽

pp. 2543-2546

Author(s):

M. Defrain ◽

F. Schmidt

Keyword(s):

Waste Water ◽

Activated Sludge ◽

Federal Republic ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Analysis Procedure ◽

Process Water ◽

Federal Republic Of Germany ◽

Output Variable ◽

Sludge Treatment ◽

Sewerage Network

In the calculations customarily used to dimension nitrification and denitrification plants in the Federal Republic of Germany, solids in the influent of the biological stage represent a significant output variable. Numerous modified methods based on nationally and internationally standardized analysis procedures are available to determine solids concentrations in waste-water. Tests showed that different values are measured depending on the method of analysis employed. Harmonization of the analysis procedure is advisable to ensure comparable conditions for the calculation of activated sludge tank volumes. The solids reaching a treatment plant originate from two main sources. Filterable materials are passed to the treatment plant via the preceding sewerage network with its industrial and commercial users, but are also carried by process water from sludge treatment. The influence of process water on wastewater composition is illustrated by reference to the Wuppertal-Buchenhofen treatment plant.

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