scholarly journals Investigation of reward effects in overlapping dual-task situations

2022 ◽  
Vol 222 ◽  
pp. 103465
Author(s):  
Leif E. Langsdorf ◽  
Sebastian Kübler ◽  
Torsten Schubert
Keyword(s):  
Dual Task ◽  
Reward Effects

Effects of Concurrent Manual Task Performance on Connected Speech Acoustics in Individuals With Parkinson Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (7) ◽  
pp. 2099-2117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason A. Whitfield ◽  
Zoe Kriegel ◽  
Adam M. Fullenkamp ◽  
Daryush D. Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Speech Production ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Motor Task ◽  
Task Condition ◽  
Connected Speech ◽  
Speech Acoustics ◽  
Single Task ◽  
Manual Task ◽  
Task Conditions

Purpose Prior investigations suggest that simultaneous performance of more than 1 motor-oriented task may exacerbate speech motor deficits in individuals with Parkinson disease (PD). The purpose of the current investigation was to examine the extent to which performing a low-demand manual task affected the connected speech in individuals with and without PD. Method Individuals with PD and neurologically healthy controls performed speech tasks (reading and extemporaneous speech tasks) and an oscillatory manual task (a counterclockwise circle-drawing task) in isolation (single-task condition) and concurrently (dual-task condition). Results Relative to speech task performance, no changes in speech acoustics were observed for either group when the low-demand motor task was performed with the concurrent reading tasks. Speakers with PD exhibited a significant decrease in pause duration between the single-task (speech only) and dual-task conditions for the extemporaneous speech task, whereas control participants did not exhibit changes in any speech production variable between the single- and dual-task conditions. Conclusions Overall, there were little to no changes in speech production when a low-demand oscillatory motor task was performed with concurrent reading. For the extemporaneous task, however, individuals with PD exhibited significant changes when the speech and manual tasks were performed concurrently, a pattern that was not observed for control speakers. Supplemental Material https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.8637008

Dual Task, Noise, and The Speech-Language Pathologist: A Clinical Guideline for Adult Multi-Tasking Intervention With Noise

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (15) ◽  
pp. 32-41
Author(s):  
Jennine Harvey ◽  
Scott Seeman ◽  
Deborah von Hapsburg
Keyword(s):  
Dual Task ◽  
Clinical Guideline ◽  
Older Individuals ◽  
Speech Language Pathology ◽  
Speech Language Pathologist ◽  
Hearing In Noise ◽  
Hearing Function ◽  
Language Pathology ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The field of Cognitive Hearing Science examines the relationship between cognitive, linguistic, and hearing functions. Although these areas are of particular importance to speech-language pathology, few studies have investigated applications of cognitive hearing science to clinical practice. The purpose of this review article is to (1) explore and present a summary of cognitive hearing science techniques for dual-task and hearing-in-noise procedures and implications to speech-language pathology, and (2) provide a clinical guide for speech-language pathology in adult multitasking intervention with noise. It is well understood that areas of cognitive skill and hearing function decline with age; therefore, additional understanding of the relationship of these functions is of particular importance to speech-language pathologists working with older individuals. This article meets the American Speech-Language-Hearing Association's (ASHA's) Special Interest Group (SIG) 15's mission of “research-to-practice” professional development by “promoting understanding of the effects of normal and pathological aging on cognition, language […] and hearing” (ASHA, 2017), and is intended to be of interest to the SIG 15 readership.

A General Factor Involved in Dual task Performance Decrement

1996 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 525-545 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick A. Bourke ◽  
John Duncan ◽  
Ian Nimmo-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
General Factor ◽  
Performance Decrement ◽  
Dual Task Performance

Cognitive Load beim Lernen aus Lösungsbeispielen

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Renkl ◽  
Hans Gruber ◽  
Sandra Weber ◽  
Thomas Lerche ◽  
Karl Schweizer
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Dual Task

Zusammenfassung: Die Effektivität des Lernens aus Lösungsbeispielen im Vergleich zum Lernen durch Problemlösen wird derzeit mit der Cognitive Load-Theorie erklärt: Beim Lernen aus Lösungsbeispielen wird das Arbeitsgedächtnis weniger belastet, daher bleibt mehr Raum für Lern- und Verstehensprozesse. Um diese These direkt experimentell zu überprüfen, wurde das dual task-Paradigma eingesetzt. 80 Studierende der Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaften wurden auf die Zellen eines 2 × 2-faktoriellen Designs (Faktor 1: Lernen aus Lösungsbeispielen vs. Lernen durch Problemlösen; Faktor 2: mit vs. ohne Zweitaufgabe) verteilt. Der Lernstoff war Wahrscheinlichkeitsrechnung. Der Lernerfolg wurde mit einem Nachtest erfasst. Das Befundmuster hinsichtlich des Lernerfolgs und der Reaktionszeiten auf eine Zweitaufgabe in den vier experimentellen Gruppen stimmte mit den aus der Cognitive-Load-Theorie abgeleiteten Hypothesen überein.

Kognition und Motorik

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (4) ◽  
pp. 219-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie A. Bridenbaugh
Keyword(s):  
Dual Task ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Kognitive Defizite ◽  
Ältere Erwachsene

Es gibt eine starke Assoziation zwischen Kognition und Mobilität. Ältere Erwachsene mit Gangdefiziten haben ein erhöhtes Risiko, kognitive Defizite, sogar eine Demenz, zu entwickeln. Kognitive Defizite wiederum sind mit einer Verschlechterung des Gehens assoziiert. Sowohl kognitive als auch Mobilitätsdefizite sind mit einem erhöhten Sturzrisiko verbunden. Untersuchungen der Kognition, vor allem der Exekutivfunktionen, und die funktionale Mobilität sollen daher ein wesentlicher Bestandteil jedes umfassenden geriatrischen Assessments sein. Einige schnelle Screening-Tests können in der Hausarztpraxis durchgeführt werden, um Mobilitätsprobleme zu erfassen. Falls diese pathologisch ausfallen, sollten genauere Ganguntersuchungen veranlasst werden. Bei Untersuchungen des Ganges sind Dual-Task Paradigmen (Gehen und gleichzeitig eine andere Aufgaben ausführen) besonders aussagekräftig in der Früherkennung von Mobilitäts- und auch Hirnleistungsdefiziten. Die Früherkennung erlaubt eine frühzeitige Implementierung von gezielten Interventionen, um die Gangsicherheit und möglicherweise auch gewisse Hirnleistungen zu verbessern.

Deficits in Selective Attention Alter Gait in Frail Older Adults

GeroPsych ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Véronique Cornu ◽  
Jean-Paul Steinmetz ◽  
Carine Federspiel
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Selective Attention ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Nursing Home Residents ◽  
Gait Rehabilitation ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Gait Parameters ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
Task Conditions

Abstract. A growing body of research demonstrates an association between gait disorders, falls, and attentional capacities in older adults. The present work empirically analyzes differences in gait parameters in frail institutionalized older adults as a function of selective attention. Gait analysis under single- and dual-task conditions as well as selective attention measures were collected from a total of 33 nursing-home residents. We found that differences in selective attention performances were related to the investigated gait parameters. Poorer selective attention performances were associated with higher stride-to-stride variabilities and a slowing of gait speed under dual-task conditions. The present findings suggest a contribution of selective attention to a safe gait. Implications for gait rehabilitation programs are discussed.

Assessment of Cognitive Load in Multimedia Learning Using Dual-Task Methodology

2002 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roland Brünken ◽  
Susan Steinbacher ◽  
Jan L. Plass ◽  
Detlev Leutner
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Load ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Cognitive Load Theory ◽  
Multimedia Learning ◽  
Learning Systems ◽  
Learning Materials ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Direct Assessment ◽  
Load Theory ◽  
Audiovisual Presentation

Abstract. In two pilot experiments, a new approach for the direct assessment of cognitive load during multimedia learning was tested that uses dual-task methodology. Using this approach, we obtained the same pattern of cognitive load as predicted by cognitive load theory when applied to multimedia learning: The audiovisual presentation of text-based and picture-based learning materials induced less cognitive load than the visual-only presentation of the same material. The findings confirm the utility of dual-task methodology as a promising approach for the assessment of cognitive load induced by complex multimedia learning systems.

Cognitive structure, flexibility, and plasticity in human multitasking—An integrative review of dual-task and task-switching research.

2018 ◽  
Vol 144 (6) ◽  
pp. 557-583 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iring Koch ◽  
Edita Poljac ◽  
Hermann Müller ◽  
Andrea Kiesel
Keyword(s):  
Task Switching ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Cognitive Structure ◽  
Integrative Review ◽  
Structure Flexibility ◽  
And Task

Talking is harder than listening: The time course of dual-task costs during naturalistic conversation.

2017 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
April M. C. Lee ◽  
Stefania Cerisano ◽  
Karin R. Humphreys ◽  
Scott Watter
Keyword(s):  
Dual Task ◽  
Time Course
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