scholarly journals Daily sensation-seeking and urgency in young adults: Examining associations with alcohol use and self-defined risky behaviors

2021 ◽  
pp. 107219
Author(s):  
A.L. McGowan ◽  
E.B. Falk ◽  
P. Zurn ◽  
D.S. Bassett ◽  
D.M. Lydon-Staley
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Risky Behaviors

Sensation seeking indirectly affects perceptions of risk for co-occurrent substance use

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
James B. Hittner ◽  
Margaret A. Warner ◽  
Rhonda J. Swickert
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Marijuana Use ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Analytic Modeling ◽  
Perceptions Of Risk

Abstract High sensation seekers engage in more frequent substance use and perceive a host of potentially dangerous activities as less risky than do low sensation seekers. However, despite a plethora of research on these topics, no study has examined the extent to which personal substance use mediates the association between sensation seeking and perceived risk of substance use. To address this question, we recruited a sample of 79 young adults (mean age=19.1 years, standard deviation=1.4). Participants completed questionnaire measures of sensation seeking, substance use, and perceived risk of co-occurrent substance use. Results from path-analytic modeling indicated that both alcohol use and marijuana use mediated the influence of sensation seeking on perceptions of risk for moderately risky, but not highly risky, pairs of substances. Strengths and limitations of the present study were discussed and directions for future research were suggested.

scholarly journals Reduced motivation to work for financial reward associated with harmful alcohol use in a community sample of young adults

BJPsych Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (S1) ◽  
pp. S255-S255
Author(s):  
Jessica Henry ◽  
Karen Ersche ◽  
Tsen Vei Lim
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Financial Reward ◽  
Reinforcement Sensitivity ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Alcohol Users ◽  
Motivation To Work

AimsNeuroimaging research suggests that alcohol dependency is associated with impairments in anticipating monetary rewards, but not aversive or alcohol-related cues.We sought to investigate if reinforcement sensitivity is altered in young adults, who regularly consume harmful levels of alcohol, using a monetary incentive reinforcement (MIR) task. In light of previous research suggesting reduced motivation to obtain reward, we hypothesized that young alcohol users would show reduced motivation for monetary gain, but unimpaired loss avoidance behaviour.MethodWe recruited 46 volunteers from the local community in Cambridge (UK), half of whom reported consuming alcohol at harmful levels, as reflected by the Alcohol Use Disorder Test. Participants completed a number of personality questionnaires, including the Barratt Impulsivity Scale (BIS-11) and Sensation-Seeking-Scale (SSS-V) and performed the MIR task, which measures participants’ efforts in avoiding punishment and gaining rewards. Data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25 (IBM, Chicago IL). Analysis of co-variance (ANOVA) were used to explore group differences in demographics, personality traits and task performance; age and gender were included as co-variates.ResultThe groups were well-matched in terms of socioeconomic status and education levels. As the alcohol group was significantly younger than the control group and dominated by females, age and gender were statistically controlled for. Alcohol users reported significantly higher levels of impulsivity (F1,41 = 6.0, p = 0.019) and sensation-seeking traits (F1,42 = 36.7, p < 0.001) and demonstrated normal sensitivity to monetary value (F1,41 = 1.07,p = 0.307). However, when challenged to on the MIR task to gain reward or avoid punishment, alcohol users were as equally motivated as control volunteers to take action to avoid financial loss (F1,41 = 2.6,p = 0.112) but showed less motivation to work towards financial reward (F1,41 = 4.7,p = 0.036). Especially for small rewards, alcohol users exerted significantly less efforts, as reflected by a reduced accuracy rate (F1,41 = 6.6,p = 0.014) and a significant increase in late responses (F1,41 = 7.7,p = 0.008). The lack of motivation to work for reward was negatively associated with the severity of alcohol use, as reflected by the AUDIT score (r=−.48,p < 0-05).ConclusionWe observed reduced motivation to obtain financial reward, but not avoid loss in a community sample of heavy drinkers. As the observed effect was directly related to alcohol use severity, it may suggest changes in reinforcement sensitivity occur at an early stage of chronic alcohol use. Future research may want to monitor reward motivation in alcohol users longitudinally to evaluate whether it would be a suitable target for early intervention.

scholarly journals Within-person variability in sensation-seeking during daily life: Positive associations with alcohol use and self-defined risky behaviors.

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-268 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Lydon-Staley ◽  
Emily B. Falk ◽  
Danielle S. Bassett
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Risky Behaviors

scholarly journals Alcohol use, expectancies, and sexual sensation seeking as correlates of HIV risk behavior in heterosexual young adults.

2007 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian S. Hendershot ◽  
Susan A. Stoner ◽  
William H. George ◽  
Jeanette Norris
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Risk Behavior ◽  
Hiv Risk ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Hiv Risk Behavior ◽  
Sexual Sensation Seeking

scholarly journals Within-person variability in sensation-seeking during daily life: positive associations with alcohol use and self-defined risky behaviors

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Lydon-Staley ◽  
Emily B. Falk ◽  
Danielle S Bassett
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Language Processing ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Risky Behaviors ◽  
School Work ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Insight Into

Sensation-seeking is the seeking of varied, novel, and intense experiences and the willingness to take risks in order to engage in these experiences. Sensation-seeking is robustly associated with engagement in risky behaviors but important questions remain concerning the role of within-person variability in sensation-seeking. We use data from a 21-day daily diary protocol from 167 participants (mean age = 25.37, SD = 7.34) to test day-to-day, within-person associations between sensation-seeking and both alcohol use and self-reported risk-taking. Participants also reported the riskiest behavior they engaged in each day, allowing insight into the types of risks that participants take during the course of daily life. Multilevel model results indicate that days of higher than usual sensation-seeking are more likely to be days on which alcohol is consumed relative to days of no alcohol use, and that risk-taking is higher than usual on days of higher than usual sensation-seeking. Coupling natural language processing with network science tools, we reduce 2490 self-reports of the day’s riskiest behavior to 20 communities reflecting a wide range of risk domains, including social, school, work, and drug use risks. Creating a risk-taking diversity score based on the identified domains of participant-elicited risk behaviors, we find that trait sensation-seeking is positively associated with greater diversity in the types of risks reported. In sum, we capture day-to-day fluctuations in sensation-seeking, observe that sensation-seeking and both alcohol use and risky behaviors are associated at the within-person level, and provide insight into the types of risks taken during the course of daily life.

Review of Alcohol Use and Misuse by Young Adults

1995 ◽  
Vol 40 (6) ◽  
pp. 604-604
Author(s):  
Terri Gullickson
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Alcohol Use

Rasch Model Analysis of Alcohol Use and Problems in Adolescents and Young Adults

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettina B. Hoeppner ◽  
Christopher W. Kahler ◽  
Kristina M. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Rasch Model ◽  
Model Analysis ◽  
Adolescents And Young Adults

Alcohol use in daily life: Examining the role of trait and state impulsivity facets

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah A Griffin ◽  
Timothy J Trull
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Trait Level ◽  
Trait Impulsivity ◽  
Drinking Behaviors ◽  
Ecological Momentary

Objectives: Using Ecological Momentary Assessment methods (EMA) we aimed to investigate the influence of trait and state (momentary) impulsivity on alcohol use behaviors in daily life. Facets of the UPPS trait model of impulsivity (Whiteside and Lynam, 2001) have been found to differentially relate to alcohol-related outcomes and behaviors in cross-sectional and longitudinal studies. The present work expands on this by assessing UPPS facets in daily life and examining the contributions of trait and state impulsivity facets to daily life drinking behavior. Methods: 49 participants were prompted at least six times per day for 21 days. A total of 4,548 collected EMA reports were included in analyses. Multi-level models were computed predicting daily life alcohol use behaviors from state and trait impulsivity facets and relevant covariates. Results: Individual facets of momentary impulsivity differentially related to alcohol outcomes, such that (lack of) premeditation and, to a lesser extent, sensation seeking showed unique patterns of association with drinking and drinking quantity. Only trait levels of (lack of) premeditation were related to drinking behavior in daily life; no other trait UPPS scale significantly related to alcohol use. Conclusions: These results highlight state difficulties with premeditation as particularly relevant to drinking behavior in daily life. Our results also support the incremental validity of state impulsivity facets over trait level measures in relation to drinking behavior in daily life. These findings offer important insight into the phenomenology of daily-life alcohol use and highlight possible avenues for intervention and prevention efforts. Public Health Statement: Momentary fluctuations in premeditation predict alcohol use in daily life. Treatments targeting planning or forethought in relation to alcohol use may interrupt this process contributing to daily life drinking behaviors.

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