Low-dose computed tomography screening reduces lung cancer mortality

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin Ostrowski ◽  
Tomasz Marjański ◽  
Witold Rzyman
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Lung Cancer Mortality ◽  
Low Dose Computed Tomography

scholarly journals Impact of low-dose computed tomography screening on lung cancer mortality among asbestos-exposed workers

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 1981-1991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabio Barbone ◽  
Fabiano Barbiero ◽  
Ornella Belvedere ◽  
Valentina Rosolen ◽  
Manuela Giangreco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Lung Cancer Mortality ◽  
Exposed Workers ◽  
Low Dose Computed Tomography

O33-1 Screening with low-dose computed tomography (ldct) of asbestos exposed subjects is associated with reduced lung cancer mortality

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabiano Barbiero ◽  
Fabio Barbone ◽  
Valentina Rosolen ◽  
Manuela Giangreco ◽  
Federica Edith Pisa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Lung Cancer Mortality ◽  
Low Dose Computed Tomography

Screening for Lung Cancer: Who Should Be Screened?

2012 ◽  
Vol 136 (12) ◽  
pp. 1511-1514 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Jett
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Lung Cancer Mortality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Computed Tomography Scans ◽  
Chest X Ray ◽  
Low Dose Computed Tomography ◽  
First Time

Lung cancer is the most common cause of death from cancer in the United States. Previous studies of screening with chest radiographs and sputum cytology have not been shown to decrease lung cancer mortality. For the first time, a randomized screening trial with low-dose computed tomography scans has demonstrated a 20% lung cancer mortality reduction compared with screenings with a chest x-ray. Investigation is underway on many breath, sputum, and blood biomarkers to determine markers of high risk. The hope is that some (or one) of them will add to the early detection of lung cancer observed with low-dose computed tomography.

scholarly journals ELIGIBILITY FOR LOW-DOSE COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY LUNG CANCER SCREENING IN OLDER ASIAN AMERICAN SMOKERS

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S189-S189
Author(s):  
Chien-Ching Li ◽  
Kelsey Choi ◽  
Alicia Matthews ◽  
Raj Shah
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Asian American ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Lung Cancer Mortality ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Low Dose Computed Tomography

Abstract Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Asian Americans. Low-dose computed tomography lung cancer (LDCT) screening is an effective way to decrease lung cancer mortality. This study aimed to examine the difference in LDCT screening eligibility among Asian American subgroups. The National Health Interview Survey data (2006-2016) was analyzed. The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force guideline was used to determine the LDCT eligibility. A higher and statistically significant proportion of current Filipino smokers (35.4%) met LDCT screening eligibility criteria compared to Chinese (26.5%) and other Asian smokers (22.7%) (p=0.02). Hierarchical logistic regression results further showed that Filipino were more likely to meet LDCT screening criteria than other Asian while adjusting demographics (OR=1.87; p=0.01). The differences in LDCT screening eligibility no longer existed after additionally adjusting socioeconomic factors as well as perceived health status. Future targeted outreach and intervention research is needed for Filipinos with lower socioeconomic status.

scholarly journals State Variation in Low-Dose Computed Tomography Scanning for Lung Cancer Screening in the United States

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stacey A Fedewa ◽  
Ella A Kazerooni ◽  
Jamie L Studts ◽  
Robert A Smith ◽  
Priti Bandi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Lung Cancer Mortality ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cancer Burden

Abstract Background Annual lung cancer screening (LCS) with low-dose chest computed tomography in older current and former smokers (ie, eligible adults) has been recommended since 2013. Uptake has been slow and variable across the United States. We estimated the LCS rate and growth at the national and state level between 2016 and 2018. Methods The American College of Radiology’s Lung Cancer Screening Registry was used to capture screening events. Population-based surveys, the US Census, and cancer registry data were used to estimate the number of eligible adults and lung cancer mortality (ie, burden). Lung cancer screening rates (SRs) in eligible adults and screening rate ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were used to measure changes by state and year. Results Nationally, the SR was steady between 2016 (3.3%, 95% CI = 3.3% to 3.7%) and 2017 (3.4%, 95% CI = 3.4% to 3.9%), increasing to 5.0% (95% CI = 5.0% to 5.7%) in 2018 (2018 vs 2016 SR ratio = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.51 to 1.62). In 2018, several southern states with a high lung-cancer burden (eg, Mississippi, West Virginia, and Arkansas) had relatively low SRs (<4%) among eligible adults, whereas several northeastern states with lower lung cancer burden (eg, Massachusetts, Vermont, and New Hampshire) had the highest SRs (12.8%-15.2%). The exception was Kentucky, which had the nation’s highest lung cancer mortality rate and one of the highest SRs (13.7%). Conclusions Fewer than 1 in 20 eligible adults received LCS nationally, and uptake varied widely across states. LCS rates were not aligned with lung cancer burden across states, except for Kentucky, which has supported comprehensive efforts to implement LCS.

scholarly journals Lung Cancer Screening by Low-Dose Computed Tomography – Part 1: Expected Benefits, Possible Harms, and Criteria for Eligibility and Population Targeting

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rudolf Kaaks ◽  
Stefan Delorme
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Residual Life ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Lung Cancer Mortality ◽  
Screening Tests ◽  
Low Dose Computed Tomography

Background Trials in the USA and Europe have convincingly demonstrated the efficacy of screening by low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) as a means to lower lung cancer mortality, but also document potential harms related to radiation, psychosocial stress, and invasive examinations triggered by false-positive screening tests and overdiagnosis. To ensure that benefits (lung cancer deaths averted; life years gained) outweigh the risk of harm, lung cancer screening should be targeted exclusively to individuals who have an elevated risk of lung cancer, plus sufficient residual life expectancy. Methods and Conclusions Overall, randomized screening trials show an approximate 20 % reduction in lung cancer mortality by LDCT screening. In view of declining residual life expectancy, especially among continuing long-term smokers, risk of being over-diagnosed is likely to increase rapidly above the age of 75. In contrast, before age 50, the incidence of LC may be generally too low for screening to provide a positive balance of benefits to harms and financial costs. Concise criteria as used in the NLST or NELSON trials may provide a basic guideline for screening eligibility. An alternative would be the use of risk prediction models based on smoking history, sex, and age as a continuous risk factor. Compared to concise criteria, such models have been found to identify a 10 % to 20 % larger number of LC patients for an equivalent number of individuals to be screened, and additionally may help provide security that screening participants will all have a high-enough LC risk to balance out harm potentially caused by radiation or false-positive screening tests. Key Points:  Citation Format

scholarly journals Recommendations for Implementing Lung Cancer Screening with Low-Dose Computed Tomography in Europe

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1672 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giulia Veronesi ◽  
David R. Baldwin ◽  
Claudia I. Henschke ◽  
Simone Ghislandi ◽  
Sergio Iavicoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Lung Cancer Screening ◽  
Lung Cancer Mortality ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Low Dose Computed Tomography ◽  
Lung Screening

Lung cancer screening (LCS) with low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) was demonstrated in the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) to reduce mortality from the disease. European mortality data has recently become available from the Nelson randomised controlled trial, which confirmed lung cancer mortality reductions by 26% in men and 39–61% in women. Recent studies in Europe and the USA also showed positive results in screening workers exposed to asbestos. All European experts attending the “Initiative for European Lung Screening (IELS)”—a large international group of physicians and other experts concerned with lung cancer—agreed that LDCT-LCS should be implemented in Europe. However, the economic impact of LDCT-LCS and guidelines for its effective and safe implementation still need to be formulated. To this purpose, the IELS was asked to prepare recommendations to implement LCS and examine outstanding issues. A subgroup carried out a comprehensive literature review on LDCT-LCS and presented findings at a meeting held in Milan in November 2018. The present recommendations reflect that consensus was reached.

scholarly journals Estimate of Lung Cancer Mortality From Low-Dose Spiral Computed Tomography Screening Trials: Implications for Current Mass Screening Recommendations

2004 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 2202-2206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward F. Patz ◽  
Stephen J. Swensen ◽  
James E. Herndon
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Lung Cancer ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Mass Screening ◽  
Cancer Mortality ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Lung Cancer Mortality ◽  
High Risk Population ◽  
Ct Screening ◽  
Screening Trials

Purpose Low-dose computed tomography (CT) has been suggested for lung cancer screening. Several observational trials have published their preliminary results, and some investigators suggest that this technique will save lives. There are no mortality statistics, however, and the current study used published data from these trials to estimate the disease-specific mortality in this high-risk population. Patients and Methods Two nonrandomized CT screening trials were selected from the literature for analysis. The number of trial participants, the number of lung cancers diagnosed per year, and stage distribution of the cancers was recorded. Previously published 5-year survival data were used to calculate the number of predicted lung cancer deaths and estimate the overall lung cancer mortality per 1,000 person-years among participants screened. These statistics were then compared to the previous Mayo Lung Project, which used chest radiographs and sputum cytology for screening high-risk individuals. Results This study estimates the lung cancer mortality is 4.1 deaths per 1,000 person-years in the Mayo Clinic CT screening trial, and is 5.5 deaths per 1,000 person-years in the Early Lung Cancer Action Program trial. These data are similar to the lung cancer mortality of 4.4 deaths per 1,000 person-years in the interventional arm, and 3.9 deaths per 1,000 person-years in the usual-care arm of the previous Mayo Lung Project. Conclusion These data suggest that CT screening could produce similar outcomes to prior chest radiographic trials in this high-risk group. Results from randomized trials are required, however, before the true utility of mass screening with CT for lung cancer can be determined.

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