Root-sourced signal and photosynthetic traits, dry matter accumulation and remobilization, and yield stability in winter wheat as affected by regulated deficit irrigation

The relationship between the sowing patterns and yield performance is a valuable topic for food security. In this study, a novel belt uniform (BU) sowing pattern was reported, and a field experiment with four winter wheat cultivars was carried out over three consecutive growing seasons to compare the dry matter accumulation, harvest index (HI), grain yield and yield components under BU and line and dense (LD) sowing patterns [BU sowing with narrow (15 cm) spacing; BU sowing with wide (20 cm) spacing; LD sowing with wide (33.3 cm) row spacing; LD sowing with narrow (16.6 cm) row spacing]. Four cultivars produced a higher mean grain yield (GY), above-ground biomass (AGB) and spike number (SN) per m2 under the BU sowing patterns than the LD sowing patterns in all three growing seasons. However, yield stability under the BU sowing patterns did not increase with the improved grain yield. The HI did not change with sowing patterns, and the contribution of above-ground biomass to grain yield (84%) was more than 5-fold higher than that of HI (16%). Principal component and correlation analyses indicated that the grain yield was positively correlated with the aboveground biomass and SN, while the HI and 1000-grain weight were not correlated with grain yield. We concluded that (1) the novel BU sowing patterns achieved a higher yield potential in winter wheat but did not further improve yield stability; (2) increasing the dry matter accumulation without changing the HI drove improvements in the SN and grain number per spike, thus increasing grain yield.

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IRRIGATION SCHEDULES AND PLANTING MODES impact ON FARMLAND MICROCLIMATE AND DRY MATTER ACCUMULATION OF WINTER WHEAT

The Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences - February ◽

10.36899/japs.2021.4.0305 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Dry Matter Accumulation

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Dry Matter Accumulation in Soft Red Winter Wheat Seeds 1

Crop Science ◽

10.2135/cropsci1982.0011183x002200020022x ◽

1982 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 290-294 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Thomas L. Housley ◽

Allen W. Kirleis ◽

Herb W. Ohm ◽

Fred L. Patterson

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Dry Matter Accumulation ◽

Soft Red Winter Wheat ◽

Red Winter Wheat ◽

Wheat Seeds

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Physiological and developmental traits associated with the grain yield of winter wheat as affected by phosphorus fertilizer management

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-019-53000-z ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Xiu-Xiu Chen ◽

Wei Zhang ◽

Xiao-Yuan Liang ◽

Yu-Min Liu ◽

Shi-Jie Xu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Photosynthetic Capacity ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Photosynthetic Parameters ◽

Dry Matter Accumulation ◽

Grain Yields ◽

P Concentration ◽

Spike Number

Abstract Although researchers have determined that attaining high grain yields of winter wheat depends on the spike number and the shoot biomass, a quantitative understanding of how phosphorus (P) nutrition affects spike formation, leaf expansion and photosynthesis is still lacking. A 3-year field experiment with wheat with six P application rates (0, 25, 50, 100, 200, and 400 kg P ha−1) was conducted to investigate this issue. Stem development and mortality, photosynthetic parameters, dry matter accumulation, and P concentration in whole shoots and in single tillers were studied at key growth stages for this purpose. The results indicated that spike number contributed the most to grain yield of all the yield components in a high-yielding (>8 t/ha) winter wheat system. The main stem (MS) contributed 79% to the spike number and tiller 1 (T1) contributed 21%. The 2.7 g kg−1 tiller P concentration associated with 15 mg kg−1 soil Olsen-P at anthesis stage led to the maximal rate of productive T1s (64%). The critical shoot P concentration that resulted in an adequate product of Pn and LAI was identified as 2.1 g kg−1. The thresholds of shoot P concentration that led to the maximum productive ability of T1 and optimal canopy photosynthetic capacity at anthesis were very similar. In conclusion, the thresholds of soil available P and shoot P concentration in whole plants and in single organs (individual tillers) were established for optimal spike formation, canopy photosynthetic capacity, and dry matter accumulation. These thresholds could be useful in achieving high grain yields while avoiding excessive P fertilization.

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Analysis of the effect of n fertilisation on the growth dynamics of winter wheat varieties using the hunt-parsons model

Acta Agronomica Hungarica ◽

10.1556/aagr.59.2011.1.4 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 59 (1) ◽

pp. 35-45

Author(s):

E. Sugár ◽

Z. Berzsenyi

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Leaf Area ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Growth Dynamics ◽

Dry Matter Accumulation ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Mean Values ◽

N Treatment ◽

Winter Wheat Varieties

The effect of nitrogen (N) fertilisation on the growth of winter wheat varieties was examined in three diverse years using the functional method of growth analysis. The main plot in the two-factorial, split-plot experiment was the N treatment and the subplot the variety. The wheat varieties Mv Toborzó (extra-early), Mv Palotás (early) and Mv Verbunkos (mid-early) were treated with N rates of 0, 80, 160 and 240 kg N ha−1 (N0, N80, N160, N240). The Hunt-Parsons (HP) program fitted a third-degree exponential function to the dry matter and leaf area data. In 2007 and 2008 dry matter accumulation continued up to the N240 rate and in 2009 to the N160 rate. In all three years the highest value was recorded for Mv Verbunkos (4.62 g plant−1 in 2007, 4.63 g in 2008 and 4.51 g in 2009). The highest value of maximum leaf area (237.5 cm2) was found for Mv Verbunkos in the N240 treatment. The maximum values of leaf area in each N treatment, averaged over years and varieties (cm2 plant−1), were as follows: N0: 86.2; N80: 141.0; N160: 164.0; N240: 173.1. The parameter AGRmean exhibited the highest value (8.04 g day−1 102) in the N160 treatment, while among the varieties Mv Verbunkos had the highest mean value (7.18 g day−1 102). The highest value of RGRmean was achieved by Mv Toborzó in the N160 treatment in 2009 (3.94 g g−1 day−1 102). The value of NARmean increased up to fertiliser rates of N160 and N240, with mean values (g m−1 day−1) of N0: 2.35, N80: 2.44, N160: 2.53 and N240: 2.47. The highest value of NAR (3.29 g m−1 day−1) was obtained for Mv Palotás in the N160 treatment in 2008. On average the greatest value of LARmax was recorded in the N160 treatment (172.8 cm2 g−1), while the highest absolute value (213.6 cm2 g−1) was achieved by Mv Toborzó in 2008. The unfavourable effect of the drought in 2007 was clearly reflected in the values of the growth parameters.

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