Analysis of the effect of n fertilisation on the growth dynamics of winter wheat varieties using the hunt-parsons model

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-45
Author(s):  
E. Sugár ◽  
Z. Berzsenyi
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
N Treatment ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

The effect of nitrogen (N) fertilisation on the growth of winter wheat varieties was examined in three diverse years using the functional method of growth analysis. The main plot in the two-factorial, split-plot experiment was the N treatment and the subplot the variety. The wheat varieties Mv Toborzó (extra-early), Mv Palotás (early) and Mv Verbunkos (mid-early) were treated with N rates of 0, 80, 160 and 240 kg N ha−1 (N0, N80, N160, N240). The Hunt-Parsons (HP) program fitted a third-degree exponential function to the dry matter and leaf area data. In 2007 and 2008 dry matter accumulation continued up to the N240 rate and in 2009 to the N160 rate. In all three years the highest value was recorded for Mv Verbunkos (4.62 g plant−1 in 2007, 4.63 g in 2008 and 4.51 g in 2009). The highest value of maximum leaf area (237.5 cm2) was found for Mv Verbunkos in the N240 treatment. The maximum values of leaf area in each N treatment, averaged over years and varieties (cm2 plant−1), were as follows: N0: 86.2; N80: 141.0; N160: 164.0; N240: 173.1. The parameter AGRmean exhibited the highest value (8.04 g day−1 102) in the N160 treatment, while among the varieties Mv Verbunkos had the highest mean value (7.18 g day−1 102). The highest value of RGRmean was achieved by Mv Toborzó in the N160 treatment in 2009 (3.94 g g−1 day−1 102). The value of NARmean increased up to fertiliser rates of N160 and N240, with mean values (g m−1 day−1) of N0: 2.35, N80: 2.44, N160: 2.53 and N240: 2.47. The highest value of NAR (3.29 g m−1 day−1) was obtained for Mv Palotás in the N160 treatment in 2008. On average the greatest value of LARmax was recorded in the N160 treatment (172.8 cm2 g−1), while the highest absolute value (213.6 cm2 g−1) was achieved by Mv Toborzó in 2008. The unfavourable effect of the drought in 2007 was clearly reflected in the values of the growth parameters.

scholarly journals Wplyw stopnia krzewienia się roślin na akumulacje biomasy organicznej u niektórych odmian zwyczajnej pszenicy ozimej [Influence of tillering degree on the accumulation of dry matter of some winter wheat varieties]

2015 ◽  
Vol 28 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-175
Author(s):  
Witold Drezner
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Net Assimilation Rate ◽  
Assimilation Rate ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
H Index ◽  
Net Assimilation ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

The correlation between the net assimilation rate and the degree of plant tillering are investigated for several varieties of simple winter wheat. The net assimilation rate (E, NAR, An) of the studied varieties for different degrees of tillering, individual shoots and individual plants is described according to the units mg/cm<sup>2</sup> • 24 h. Index of efficiency of assimilation surface (F, LAR, I<sub>S</sub>) is determined in units cm<sup>2</sup>/mg. The tillering ability of vegetative shoots in plaints is a very important factor which increases the total assimilate stirfaice value and the assimilation effectivity of the plant's biomass.

scholarly journals A comparative study of winter wheat varieties with especial reference to winter-killing

1922 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Newton
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Specific Conductivity ◽  
Hydrogen Ion ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Hydrogen Ion Concentration ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties ◽  
Hardened Condition

1. A number of varieties of winter wheat, known to vary considerably in degree of winter hardiness, were compared in the hardened condition with reference to the physical constants of the cell sap, and the content of dry matter, nitrogen, sugars and starch.2. No constant relation was found between depression of the freezing point, specific conductivity, or hydrogen-ion concentration of the cell sap and relative frost hardiness.3. Sugars accounted for 34 to 38 per cent, of the total osmotic pressure of the sap.

scholarly journals The Morphological Features and Canopy Parameters as Factors Affecting the Competition Between Winter Wheat Varieties and Weeds

2013 ◽  
Vol 53 (3) ◽  
pp. 203-209
Author(s):  
Beata Feledyn-Szewczyk ◽  
Krzysztof Jończyk ◽  
Adam Berbeć
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Weed Infestation ◽  
Different Response ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

Abstract The aim of the study was to determine the relationship between morphological features and canopy parameters of winter wheat varieties and weed infestation. The 2-year-long field experiments were conducted at 3 locations, on 13 varieties of winter wheat cultivated on organic farms. The response of the tested cultivars to weed infestation was similar regardless of the location. The number of weeds did not differ significantly between the wheat varieties and was similar in all locations and years of the study (109-122 plants/m2). The weed dry matter was significantly lower in Chomentowo (38 g/m2) compared to Osiny and Chwałowice (66 and 85 g/ m2). Nateja and Legenda wheat varieties showed the biggest competitiveness against weeds in both years and locations, whereas Alcazar, Boomer and Jenga were characterized as having the least competitive ability. Natula, Kohelia, Batuta and Ostroga wheat varieties showed a different response to weed infestation over the years. The analysis of correlation and cluster analysis showed that wheat dry matter, plant density, and wheat height had the greatest impact on the number and dry matter of weeds. There was no significant correlation between number of tillers per plant and weed infestation parameters measured in the dough stage

scholarly journals Biomass as a factor contributing to winter wheat yield increase

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 265-270
Author(s):  
V. V. Morgun ◽  
G. A. Priadkina ◽  
O. O. Stasik ◽  
O. V. Zborіvskaіa
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Plant Parts ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Dry Matter Weight ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

Aim. The search of factors influencing grain productivity, based on the comparison of the mass of dry matter in the aboveground parts of modern winter wheat varieties at the early stages of ontogenesis. Methods. Morphometric determination of biomass of the above-ground plant parts. Results. The varieties and lines of winter wheat with higher yields exceeded the less productive ones by the number of shoots per 1 m2 of soil on 8–12 % and by the dry matter weight of the above-ground plant parts on 23–34 % at the early stages of spring vegetation. According to two-year experiments, it was established a linear positive correlation (r = 0.85–0.86) of the dry matter weight of the above-ground plant parts per 1 m2 of soil during the period of stem elongation (BBCH 31-49) with the yield. Conclusions. The close relationship between yield and dry matter weight of the above-ground plant parts at the early stages of spring vegetation makes it possible to rank winter wheat varieties by potential yield. Keywords: Triticum aestivum L., grain productivity, biomass, early stages of ontogenesis.

scholarly journals Physiological Traits and Productivity of Wheat (Triticumaestivum L.) in Relation to Foliar Spray of Zinc, Urea, and Thiourea under Rainfed Condition

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
CB Verma
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Higher Plant ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Rainfed Condition ◽  
Leaf Yield

Combined foliar application of ZnSO4 (0.5%) +urea (2%) + thiourea (500 ppm) twice at 45 and 65 days after sowing (DAS) under rainfed condition on widely evaluated two wheat varieties resulted in significantly higher plant height (cm), leaf area (cm2 ), number of tillers, dry matter accumulation, chlorophyll content In leaf, yield and its component over water sprayed control as well as treatments. Among wheat varieties, K-9351 was found more responsive as it yielded (38.5 q/ha) then K-8027 (33.1 q/ha).

An analysis of the relationship between potential evaporation and dry-matter accumulation for winter wheat

1983 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 351-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. F. Green ◽  
L. V. Vaidyanathan ◽  
M. N. Hough
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Leaf Area Index ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Potential Evaporation ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Straight Lines ◽  
The Relationship

SUMMARYSequential dry-matter measurements for winter wheat crops grown at different sites during different seasons were plotted against accumulated potential evaporation. A relation consisting of two intersecting straight lines represented the observations. Early crop growth had a gentle slope due to an incomplete leaf canopy. Later growth occurred at a rate which depended upon the amount of applied nitrogen, the amount of radiation and the availability of water. The intersection occurred consistently at a leaf area index of 1·25.

Growth dynamics and yield of winter wheat varieties grown at diverse nitrogen levels

2010 ◽  
Vol 58 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Sugár ◽  
Z. Berzsenyi
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Growth Dynamics ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Genotypic Effect ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Genetic Determination ◽  
N Level

The growth dynamics determining the yield of winter wheat depends partly on genetic determination and partly on environmental factors, including nutrient supplies. Growth and yield responses to nutrient supplies were investigated for three diverse genotypes. In the dry year of 2007 dry matter production and leaf area were influenced chiefly by N supplies, while in the more favourable year of 2008 the genotypic effect was more pronounced, and in most cases N fertiliser only led to a significant increase in yield up to a rate of 80 kg ha −1 . The maximum value of the leaf area index (LAI) was recorded at the 240 kg ha −1 N level for all three varieties in 2007 (11.5; 9.9; 8.1), while in 2008 the maximum was observed at the 160 kg ha −1 N level for Mv Toborzó and Mv Palotás (8.6 and 8.4, respectively), and only in Mv Verbunkos did LAI continue to increase up to 240 kg ha −1 N (9.8). The cumulative BMD and LAD parameters mostly exhibited much higher values in 2007 than in 2008. The maximum grain yield was achieved at 160 kg ha −1 N in 2007 and at 80 kg ha −1 N in 2008. It could be concluded from the results that the manifestation of genotypic traits was enhanced by favourable weather conditions, which also led to the better utilisation of lower rates of N fertiliser.

scholarly journals Depositing ability of stem of winter wheat varieties of different periods of selection

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-244
Author(s):  
V. V. Morgun ◽  
G. A. Priadkina ◽  
O. V. Zborivska
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Main Shoot ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Grain Productivity ◽  
Tolerant Variety ◽  
Modern Varieties ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

Adaptation of high-yielding winter wheat crops to changes in climatic conditions has great importance for food security of countries. The remobilization of stem assimilates for grain filling is one of the possible ways of increasing wheat yield in unfavourable environmental conditions. Field experiments in natural conditions with three old and three modern varieties of winter wheat were performed to compare depositing abilities of their stems. The objective of this study was a comparative analysis of the parameters of depositing capacity of stems of the main shoots for identification of the criteria for assessing grain productivity of winter wheat. The parameters of depositing capacity of the stem of the main shoots of three old winter wheat varieties (1997, 2003, and 2008) and three modern ones (2013, 2014 and 2016) were studied in field conditions with natural conditions of water supply (Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine). During the period of formation of reproductive organs (April and May), the amount of precipitation, respectively, was only 17% and 68% of long-term values and average monthly air temperature was 3–4 ºС higher than the climatic norm. We analyzed the variability of the parameters of depositing capacity of the stem of the main shoot and grain productivity of the ear of six wheat winter varieties which differed by time of selection. In unfavourable conditions during the period of formation of reproductive organs the modern winter wheat varieties had an 11% higher yield on average compared to the older ones. It was determined that the highest mass of grain from the ear of the main shoots (1.9–2.1 g) belonged to Odeska 267 variety, a drought-tolerant variety from earlier selection, and three modern varieties – Raihorodka, Prydniprovska and Darunok Podillia. It is demonstrated that these varieties also exceeded two old varieties (Podolianka and Yednist) by stem dry matter weight of main shoot at anthesis by 0.3–0.6 g. The highest content of non-structural carbohydrates at this phase was observed in Odeska 267, Raihorodka and Darunok Podillia varieties (273–307 mg/stem). Correlation analysis revealed the significant correlation between mass of grain from ear and dry matter of stem at anthesis and full ripeness, as well mass of grain from ear and the amount of non-structural carbohydrates at anthesis. Therefore, modern varieties of winter wheat and the drought-tolerant variety have higher yield, weight of dry matter of stem of the main shoot at anthesis and grain productivity of the ear, compared to old varieties. The results of this study indicate that the mass of dry matter of the stem of the main shoot at anthesis can be used as a marker of the grain productivity of winter wheat.

scholarly journals Relationships between nutrientsupply, genotype and some physiological properties of winter wheat

2012 ◽  
pp. 141-145
Author(s):  
Éva Szabó ◽  
Péter Pepó
Keyword(s):  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Nutrient Supply ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Area Index ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Leaf Area Duration ◽  
Winter Wheat Varieties

The chlorophyll content (SPAD), leaf area index (LAI) and leaf area duration (LAD) of three winter wheat varieties have been investigated on a chernozem soil. Three winter wheat varieties (GK Öthalom, Pannonikus and Genius) in three different nutrient-supply levels have been involved in our experiment in the crop-year of 2010/2011. The investigated physiological properties have been set against to the yield results. Upon the results of this comparison it has been stated that there is a close relationship between the investigated physiological properties and yield averages. The SPAD-values showed a growing tendency parallel to the growth of the nutrient-supply levels. The varieties have the highest SPAD-values at the nutri ent-level of N120+PK. Compared to the yield averages we have stated that varieties that have higher SPAD-values have realized higher yields as well. Higher nutrient dosages have increased in the leaf area. In case of all the three varieties the highest LAI-values were measured at the flowering stage (23. 05.) in the treatment whit N120+PK. Varieties with higher leaf area have produced higher yields as well. Parallel to the increasing nutrient-supply levels the value of leaf area duration increased as well. We measured the highest LAD-values in the treatment of N120+PK nutrient-level. By the LAD-values it can be stated that more durable and larger leaf area has been produced in the flowering and ripening phenophases, due to the higher nutrient-dosages. Analysing the relationships between the results it can be stated that there is a strong positive relationship between fertilizer treatments and SPAD-, LAI- and LAD-values. The genotype showed a strong positive correlation to SPAD-values. Yield averages showed strong positive correlation to SPAD-, LAI- and LAD-values as well.

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