scholarly journals Low-pressure sprinkler irrigation in maize: Differences in water distribution above and below the crop canopy

2018 ◽  
Vol 203 ◽  
pp. 353-365 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Zapata ◽  
O. Robles ◽  
E. Playán ◽  
P. Paniagua ◽  
C. Romano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Distribution ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Crop Canopy

Water Distribution Under Sprinkler Irrigation

1968 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 0648-0651 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claude H. Pair
Keyword(s):  
Water Distribution ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation

scholarly journals Characterization and Simulation of a Low-Pressure Rotator Spray Plate Sprinkler Used in Center Pivot Irrigation Systems

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1684 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cruz Octavio Robles Rovelo ◽  
Nery Zapata Ruiz ◽  
Javier Burguete Tolosa ◽  
Jesús Ramiro Félix Félix ◽  
Borja Latorre
Keyword(s):  
Drag Coefficient ◽  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Drop Size ◽  
Low Pressure ◽  
Drop Size Distribution ◽  
Energy Losses ◽  
Conventional Model ◽  
The Impact

Spray sprinklers enable to operate at low pressures (<103 kPa) in self-propelled irrigation machines. A number of experiments were performed to characterize the water distribution pattern of an isolated rotator spray plate sprinkler operating at very low pressure under different experimental conditions. The experiments were performed under two pressures (69 kPa and 103 kPa) and in calm and windy conditions. The energy losses due to the impact of the out-going jet with the sprinkler plate were measured using an optical technique. The adequacy to reproduce the measured water distribution pattern under calm conditions of two drop size distribution models was evaluated. A ballistic model was used to simulate the water distribution pattern under wind conditions evaluating three different drag models: (1) considering solid spherical drops; (2) a conventional model based on wind velocity and direction distortion pattern, and (3) a new drag coefficient model independent of wind speed. The energy losses measured with the optical method range from 20% to 60% from higher to lower nozzle sizes, respectively, for both evaluated working pressures analyzing over 16,500 droplets. For the drop size distribution selected, Weibull accurately reproduced the water application with a maximum root mean square error (RMSE) of 19%. Up to 28% of the RMSE could be decreased using the wind-independent drag coefficient model with respect to the conventional model; the difference with respect to the spherical model was 4%.

scholarly journals Modeling and Dynamic-Simulating the Water Distribution of a Fixed Spray-Plate Sprinkler on a Lateral-Move Sprinkler Irrigation System

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 2296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yisheng Zhang ◽  
Jinjun Guo ◽  
Bin Sun ◽  
Hongyuan Fang ◽  
Delan Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Distribution Pattern ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Translational Motion ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Superposition Method ◽  
Working Pressure ◽  
Uniformity Coefficient

Uniformity of water distribution plays an important role in evaluating irrigation quality. As necessities in calculating irrigation uniformity during designing a lateral-move sprinkler irrigation system (LMSIS), the water distribution patterns of individual sprinkler in motion are crucial. Considering the limitation of the experiment platform, dynamic water distribution of an isolated sprinkler is difficult to measure, especially for a fixed spray plate sprinkler (FSPS) which LMSIS has been widely equipped with in China, therefore developing a model to simulate dynamic water distribution of a moving sprinkler is necessary. The objective of this study was to develop and validate the theoretical basis for calculating water distribution characteristics of a single FSPS in translational motion applying a superposition method, and provide an optimized operation management of LMSIS. The theoretical model’s validity was verified in an indoor experiment using a Nelson D3000 FSPS in motion with 36 grooves and blue-plate spray heads. The software was programmed using the Eclipse Platform and the software was capable of simulating water distribution pattern and Christiansen uniformity coefficient (Cu). The results indicated that the water distribution simulated by the software presents three peaks of maximum application under varying conditions, and the value of water application peaks decreased as working pressure and/or mounting height increased. Conversely, the wetted diameter increased as working pressure and/or mounting height increased. Working pressure, mounting height, and sprinkler spacing each had a significant effect on the Cu. The Cu increased as working pressure and/or mounting height increased but decreased as sprinkler spacing increased. As a consequence, the model can be used to predict the relative water distribution pattern; and the Cu can be calculated with the simulated data, thus providing a tool for designing a new LMSIS.

The response of sugar beet to drip and low-pressure sprinkler irrigation in southern Italy

2003 ◽  
Vol 60 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Tognetti ◽  
M Palladino ◽  
A Minnocci ◽  
S Delfine ◽  
A Alvino
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Southern Italy ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Low Pressure

scholarly journals Controlled sprinkler irrigation system for agricultural plant cultivation

2021 ◽  
Vol 922 (1) ◽  
pp. 012046
Author(s):  
P Satriyo ◽  
I S Nasution ◽  
D V Della
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Precision Agriculture ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Agricultural Plant ◽  
Controlling System

Abstract In recent decades, precision agriculture and smart farming have become promising issues particularly in the industrial revolution era 4.0. The main objective of this presented paper is to apply the optimized controlling system developed by means of Internet of things for controlling sprinkler irrigation systems used for agricultural product cultivation where in this study, we used shallot plants. The controlling systems were established by designing hardware and software used to monitor water distribution in sprinkler irrigation for onion plants during five initial days of cultivation. The result showed that controlled irrigation can optimize and monitor all plant growth indicators namely soil moisture, temperature, air humidity and water discharge and be able to carry out watering according to the desired level of soil moisture. It may conclude that a controlled sprinkler irrigation system can be applied as a part of precision agriculture practice in order to enhance production and sustainable agriculture.

scholarly journals WATER SAVING MEASURES SUBSTANTIATION FOR RICE IRRIGATION SYSTEMS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. T. Balakay ◽  
◽  
R. S. Masnyi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Water Distribution ◽  
Good Condition ◽  
Sprinkler Irrigation ◽  
Water Saving ◽  
Irrigation Rate ◽  
Rostov Region ◽  
Rice Irrigation ◽  
Water Intensity ◽  
High Yields

Purpose: analysis of the rice production water intensity and justification of measures for water saving, allowing to reduce the use of water resources for growing rice and companion crops, to reduce water intensity of production of a production unit while maintaining high yields. Materials and methods. Methods of analysis and synthesis to substantiate the rice and companion crops irrigation regime were used. Results. The analysis of long-term studies of the FSBSE “RSRILIP” showed that the water demand design norms for rice irrigation are exceeded by 1.5–2.0 times. For example, in the low-water year 2020, the rice irrigation rates on the rice systems of Rostov region fluctuated in agricultural enterprises from 27 to 47 thousand cubic m/ha. To save water resources, the main measures should be: maintaining the reclamation network and hydraulic structures in good condition, planned water use and water distribution, improving irrigation equipment and technologies. The first place in terms of influence on the value of the irrigation rate is the evenness of the check surface, since if the height in the check is more than 0.03–0.05 m from the design, the irrigation rate can double due to the need to create a given layer of water over the entire check area. It was found that the irrigation rate value is also influenced by the natural moisture content of the territory, the granulometric composition of the soil, the rate of filtration, the depth of groundwater, the degree of soil salinity and alkalinization. Depending on these factors under the conditions of Rostov region, the irrigation rate for rice can vary from 27 to 36 thousand cubic m/ha and more. Conclusions. To reduce the irrigation norms, irrigation regimes of the shortened type of flooding and obtaining seedlings on natural moisture reserves are recommended. The rice and companion crops cultivation using the ridge technology with periodic sprinkler irrigation or check flooding requires study.

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