Chemical characteristics of a bean-cultivated acrisol irrigated with saline water

ABSTRACT The purpose of this study was to evaluate the salt tolerance of mini watermelon (cv. Smile). The experiment was carried out in the greenhouse of the Department of Biosystems Engineering of ESALQ/USP. The experimental design was randomized blocks. The plants were irrigated with five levels of salinity (S1 = 1.0; S2 = 2.0; S3 = 3.0; S4 = 4.0 and S5 = 5.0 dS m-1). At 85 days after the beginning of the experiment, the plants and the physical and chemical variables of the fruit were evaluated. Salinity negatively affected the variables: length of the main stem, stem diameter, number of leaves, number of branches, leaf area, fresh and dry matter. Regarding the physical and chemical characteristics of fruits, salinity reduced the mass, diameter and the pH of the fruit, but increased its vitamin C content. In general, the results suggest that the mini watermelon (cv. Smile) is moderately sensitive to salinity.

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Effect of Groundwater Quality on Yield Index and Nutrient Concentration in Stem Plant Tissue of Winter Wheat (Triticum turgidum L.)

Polytechnic Journal ◽

10.25156/ptj.v9n2y2019.pp11-15 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 11-15

Author(s):

Hemn O. Salih

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Nutrient Concentration ◽

Triticum Turgidum ◽

Potassium Concentration ◽

Saline Water ◽

Winter Season ◽

Chemical Characteristics ◽

Private Land ◽

Minimum Level ◽

Wheat Grains

The Field experiment was conducted at private land in Grdarasha southern Erbil-Iraq to study the effect of 7 water qualities having electrical conductivity of (0.42, 0.50, 1.43, 2.20, 2.60, 5.40 and 5.70) dS m-1 on chemical characteristics and growth of plant and protein percent in wheat grains in winter season of 2015-2016. The crop was cultivated on 11.12.2015 and continued growing to 30.5.2016. The experiment land was equally divided into three plots spaced 75 cm between them. The results showed that weights and lengths of straw and spike were reduced by W.q5 (67.49, 100.01) g and (51.87, 6.30) cm increased with W.q3 treatment (96.58, 139.17) g and (91.08, 10.57) cm respectively; and wheat grains protein percentage was also increased by W.q6 (13.70) treatment comparing with minimum percent of protein by W.q5 (7.26). The data of Irrigation by saline water of W.q7 resulted concentration increasing of Ca2+, Mg2+ and Na+ (7.39, 2.22 and 4.52) mg g-1; while the concentrations of the same elements were 1.54, 0.61 and 1.81 mg g-1 by W.q2 watering respectively. Potassium concentration was the highest (0.16) mg g-1 by W.q2 water compared to minimum level (0.06) mg g-1 with W.q5 irrigation. The watering by W.q5 (0.29) mg g-1 resulted was lower concentration of phosphorus in the plant compared to minimal saline water W.q3 and W.q4 (0.34) mg g-1.

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Characterization of defects in tabular silver halide grains

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100178367 ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 48 (4) ◽

pp. 1046-1047

Author(s):

C. Goessens ◽

D. Schryvers ◽

J. Van Landuyt ◽

A. Verbeeck ◽

R. De Keyzer

Keyword(s):

Radiation Damage ◽

Silver Halide ◽

Chemical Characteristics ◽

X Ray ◽

Free Region ◽

Central Defect ◽

Crystallographic Defects ◽

Physical And Chemical ◽

Two Sides

Silver halide grains (AgX, X=Cl,Br,I) are commonly recognized as important entities in photographic applications. Depending on the preparation specifications one can grow cubic, octahedral, tabular a.o. morphologies, each with its own physical and chemical characteristics. In the present study crystallographic defects introduced by the mixing of 5-20% iodide in a growing AgBr tabular grain are investigated. X-ray diffractometry reveals the existence of a homogeneous Ag(Br1-xIx) region, expected to be formed around the AgBr kernel. In fig. 1 a two-beam BF image, taken at T≈100 K to diminish radiation damage, of a triangular tabular grain is presented, clearly showing defect contrast fringes along four of the six directions; the remaining two sides show similar contrast under relevant diffraction conditions. The width of the central defect free region corresponds with the pure AgBr kernel grown before the mixing with I. The thickness of a given grain lies between 0.15 and 0.3 μm: as indicated in fig. 2 triangular (resp. hexagonal) grains exhibit an uneven (resp. even) number of twin interfaces (i.e., between + and - twin variants) parallel with the (111) surfaces. The thickness of the grains and the existence of the twin variants was confirmed from CTEM images of perpendicular cuts.

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Limnological characteristics, community metabolism and management strategies of a coastal sinkhole in Cuba (Cenote Jennifer)

Annales de Limnologie - International Journal of Limnology ◽

10.1051/limn/2020022 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 56 ◽

pp. 24

Author(s):

Roberto González-De Zayas ◽

Liosban Lantigua Ponce de León ◽

Liezel Guerra Rodríguez ◽

Felipe Matos Pupo ◽

Leslie Hernández-Fernández

Keyword(s):

Hydrogen Sulfide ◽

Primary Productivity ◽

Major Ions ◽

Saline Water ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Tourist Destination ◽

Community Metabolism ◽

Morphological Studies ◽

Made In ◽

Limnological Parameters

The Cenote Jennifer is an important and unique aquatic sinkhole in Cayo Coco (Jardines del Rey Tourist Destination) that has brackish to saline water. Two samplings were made in 1998 and 2009, and 4 metabolism community experiments in 2009. Some limnological parameters were measured in both samplings (temperature, salinity, pH, dissolved oxygen major ions, hydrogen sulfide, nutrients and others). Community metabolism was measured through incubated oxygen concentration in clear and dark oxygen bottles. Results showed that the sinkhole limnology depends on rainfall and light incidence year, with some stratification episodes, due to halocline or oxycline presence, rather than thermocline. The sinkhole water was oligotrophic (total nitrogen of 41.5 ± 22.2 μmol l−1 and total phosphorus of 0.3 ± 0.2 μmol l−1) and with low productivity (gross primary productivity of 63.0 mg C m−2 d−1). Anoxia and hypoxia were present at the bottom with higher levels of hydrogen sulfide, lower pH and restricted influence of the adjacent sea (2 km away). To protect the Cenote Jennifer, tourist exploitation should be avoided and more resources to ecological and morphological studies should be allocated, and eventually use this aquatic system only for specialized diving. For conservation purposes, illegal garbage disposal in the surrounding forest should end.

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