Omega-3 fatty acids (n-3 FA) reduce prostaglandin (PG) production in decidual cell cultures under inflammatory conditions: A mechanism for preventing preterm birth

2004 ◽  
Vol 191 (6) ◽  
pp. S114
Author(s):  
Ashley Roman ◽  
Jeremy Schreher ◽  
Peter Nathanielsz
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Cell Cultures ◽  
Decidual Cell ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions

scholarly journals Old and new adventures with fatty acids and their oxylipins: The road towards personalised clinical nutrition

OCL ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 49
Author(s):  
Robert Gibson
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Dietary Fats ◽  
World Health ◽  
Blood Levels ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3

After paying homage to the work of E. Chevreul, Prof. Robert Gibson went on in a lighthearted way to find similarities in the way they both approached their respective fields of research, as well as their way of life. Prof. Robert Gibson, who was awarded the 2021 Chevreul Medal, reported that “his huge delight was to witness the massive growth of lipid research and to have played a role in elucidating the role of dietary fats in the health of mothers and their babies”. Prof. Gibson highlighted some of the major results he collected from Australian clinical studies conducted on the role of omega-3 fatty acids on the health outcomes of mothers and their infants. He first discussed the role of fish oil on visual acuity of babies and demonstrated that infant formulas supplying more than 1% of linolenic acid (ALA) seemed adequate to ensure optimal visual and cognitive development of term infants. However, in preterm infants, whether there is a specific need for DHA above the benefit provided by ALA, still needs to be clarified. He reported a small beneficial impact on the cognitive development of preterm infants receiving DHA enriched breast milk of their mothers (1% of total fatty acids). He then discussed data from his large randomised clinical trials conducted on pregnant women receiving a DHA dietary treatment (800 mg/d DHA) or placebo, that suggested that DHA may decrease the risk of preterm birth (DOMInO trial, 2400 women). This effect was confirmed in the ORIP trial (5400 women) which found that preterm birth could be prevented by a DHA supplement treatment mainly in women with a singleton pregnancy who had a low omega-3 status in the first trimester. In the last part of his review, Robert Gibson described the use of a new low cost, rapid and efficient method to monitor changes in blood levels of omega-3 fatty acids with clinical outcomes: the Dried Blood Spots (DBS) technology. The validation of this technique has been demonstrated in large trials like N3RO and ORIP involving large cohorts of women, which could not have been obtained easily by classical analysis of lipids. He went on to point out that free fatty acids (generally not explored despite their importance in many metabolic disorders) and oxylipins, are both stable and easily identified when they are preserved in a dry state on a paper matrix (DBS), thus opening new fields of research. To conclude, the major impact of Prof. Robert Gibson’s work was identifying and overcoming one of the causes of early preterm birth (omega-3 deficiency), developing a tool to rapidly assess omega-3 status (the DBS technique) that together is close to being implemented into the world health system.

scholarly journals Fat-soluble nutrients and Omega-3 fatty acids as modifiable factors influencing preterm birth risk

Placenta ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 98 ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Melissa Thoene ◽  
Matthew Van Ormer ◽  
Ana Yuil-Valdes ◽  
Taylor Bruett ◽  
Sathish Kumar Natarajan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Modifiable Factors

scholarly journals Dietary Fish, Fish Nutrients, and Immune Function: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos O. Mendivil
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Intestinal Microbiota ◽  
Fish Consumption ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Feedback Signal ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
Lipid Compounds ◽  
And Function

Dietary habits have a major impact on the development and function of the immune system. This impact is mediated both by the intrinsic nutritional and biochemical qualities of the diet, and by its influence on the intestinal microbiota. Fish as a food is rich in compounds with immunoregulatory properties, among them omega-3 fatty acids, melatonin, tryptophan, taurine and polyamines. In addition, regular fish consumption favors the proliferation of beneficial members of the intestinal microbiota, like short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria. By substituting arachidonic acid in the eicosanoid biosynthesis pathway, long-chain omega-3 fatty acids from fish change the type of prostaglandins, leukotrienes and thromboxanes being produced, resulting in anti-inflammatory properties. Further, they also are substrates for the production of specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs) (resolvins, protectins, and maresins), lipid compounds that constitute the physiological feedback signal to stop inflammation and give way to tissue reparation. Evidence from human observational and interventional studies shows that regular fish consumption is associated with reduced incidence of chronic inflammatory conditions like rheumatoid arthritis, and that continuous infusion of fish oil to tube-fed, critically ill patients may improve important outcomes in the ICU. There is also evidence from animal models showing that larger systemic concentrations of omega-3 fatty acids may counter the pathophysiological cascade that leads to psoriasis. The knowledge gained over the last few decades merits future exploration of the potential role of fish and its components in other conditions characterized by deregulated activation of immune cells and a cytokine storm like viral sepsis or COVID-19.

Omega-3 fatty acids and decidual cell prostaglandin production in response to the inflammatory cytokine IL-1β

2006 ◽  
Vol 195 (6) ◽  
pp. 1693-1699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashley S. Roman ◽  
Jeremy Schreher ◽  
Andrew P. Mackenzie ◽  
Peter W. Nathanielsz
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Decidual Cell ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Prostaglandin Production

scholarly journals Omega-3 fatty acids to prevent preterm birth: Australian pregnant women’s preterm birth awareness and intentions to increase omega-3 fatty acid intake

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamie V de Seymour ◽  
Lucy A Simmonds ◽  
Jacqueline Gould ◽  
Maria Makrides ◽  
Philippa Middleton
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Cochrane Review ◽  
Fatty Acid Intake ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Intake

Abstract Background Preterm birth is the leading cause of death in children under five. A recent Cochrane review found a 42% reduction in early preterm birth (< 34 weeks’ gestation) and 11% reduction in preterm birth (< 37 weeks’ gestation) with omega-3 fatty acid supplementation. To assist in the development of implementation strategies to increase pregnant women’s omega-3 fatty acid intake, we assessed the awareness of Australian pregnant women about preterm birth, their nutrition and supplementation behaviours during pregnancy, and intentions to increase omega-3 fatty acid intake. Methods A ten-minute survey was conducted online to assess the knowledge, attitudes, behaviours, and intentions of Australian pregnant women across three domains: (1) preterm birth; (2) nutrition and supplementation during pregnancy; and (3) omega-3 fatty acid consumption to prevent preterm birth. Participants were recruited from Survey Sampling International’s research panels. Results Of the 763 women who completed the survey, less than two-thirds had heard of preterm birth. Over 55% of respondents had changed their diet during pregnancy and a prenatal dietary supplement was consumed by 82% of the women surveyed. Respondents’ main source of information about preterm birth and nutrition during pregnancy was from a health professional. When asked about their intentions to increase their omega-3 fatty acid intake following a health professional’s recommendation, the vast majority of participants indicated they would increase their omega-3 fatty acid intake (90%). When a hypothetical scenario was presented of an omega-3 fatty acid supplement being offered from a health service at no cost, the number of respondents who selected they would increase their intake through supplementation increased from 54 to 79%. Conclusions The main information source for women about preterm birth and dietary supplementation recommendations during pregnancy is their health professional. Therefore, informing women about ways to prevent preterm birth, including the role of omega-3 fatty acids, should occur during antenatal visits. The results from our study are useful for clinicians caring for pregnant women and for the next stage of translation of the Cochrane review findings – the design of implementation strategies to increase the intake of omega-3 fatty acids during pregnancy where needed.

scholarly journals Preconception omega-3 fatty acid supplementation of adult male mice with a history of developmental 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin exposure prevents preterm birth in unexposed female partners

Reproduction ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 142 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melinda E McConaha ◽  
Tianbing Ding ◽  
John A Lucas ◽  
Joe A Arosh ◽  
Kevin G Osteen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Fish Oil ◽  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Adult Male ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Omega 3 Fatty Acids ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Fish Oil Supplementation

We have recently reported that adult male C57BL/6 mice exposed in utero to the environmental toxicant 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) confer an increased risk of preterm birth (PTB) to unexposed females. Risk of PTB was coincident with decreased placental progesterone receptor (Pgr) mRNA expression and increased toll-like receptor 4 (Tlr4) mRNA expression, suggesting that toxicant exposure induced a heightened inflammatory response at the maternal–fetal interface. Since omega-3 fatty acids exhibit anti-inflammatory activity, in this study, we provided TCDD-exposed males a fish oil-enriched diet prior to mating. Although PTB was common in control females mated to TCDD-exposed males on the standard diet, fish oil supplementation of TCDD-exposed males eliminated PTB in unexposed partners. We also determined the influence of preconception, paternal fish oil supplementation on the placental inflammatory response in late pregnancy (E18.5) by examining the expression of Pgr and Tlr4 mRNA as well as the expression of 15-hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (PGDH). PGDH catabolizes the inflammatory PGE2 to an inactive form; thus, reduced expression of this enzyme would promote tissue inflammation. Compared with control pregnancies, examination of E18.5 placentas arising from TCDD-exposed males on the standard diet revealed a significant increase in Tlr4 mRNA expression corresponding to a reduction in Pgr mRNA and PGDH protein expression. In contrast, fish oil supplementation of toxicant-exposed males led to normalization of placental expression of both Pgr and Tlr4 mRNA and a marked increase in PGDH expression. These studies suggest that a paternal preconception diet that includes omega-3 fatty acids prevents the toxicant-associated increase in the placental inflammatory response at late gestation, preventing PTB.

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