scholarly journals 528: Insulin resistance during midpregnancy is associated with maternal weight gain throughout pregnancy in non-obese women with normal glucose tolerance test

2017 ◽  
Vol 216 (1) ◽  
pp. S312
Author(s):  
Ichiro Yasuhi ◽  
Hiroshi Yamashita ◽  
Sachie Suga ◽  
Misao Fukuoka ◽  
Megumi Koga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Maternal Weight Gain ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Maternal Weight ◽  
Normal Glucose

Insulin resistance and cardiovascular risk factors in women with PCOS who have normal glucose tolerance test

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail Cem Yildir ◽  
Faruk Kutluturk ◽  
Turker Tasliyurt ◽  
Berna Murat Yelken ◽  
Berat Acu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Normal Glucose

scholarly journals The role of growth hormone and glucocorticoid in glucose handling in vivo

1999 ◽  
Vol 162 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
T Johansen ◽  
M Deckert ◽  
T Mandrup-Poulsen ◽  
K Malmlof
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Gh Treatment ◽  
Peripheral Tissues

Growth hormone (GH) can oppose the catabolic effects of glucocorticoids. However, both hormones have adverse effects on carbohydrate metabolism. Here we examined the interactive effects of GH and the glucocorticoid methylprednisolone (MP) on glucose tolerance, insulin resistance and [3H]2,6-deoxyglucose uptake of peripheral tissues in rats. Female Wistar rats received either saline, GH (2.7 mg/kg), MP (5.0 mg/kg) or GH+MP. After 7 days treatment, animals were subjected to an i.v. glucose tolerance test. In a second experiment, animals treated as above were anesthetized and injected with human insulin (0.5 U/kg), [3H]2,6-deoxyglucose (500 microCi/kg), and [14C]mannitol (25 microCi/kg), to estimate insulin resistance and [3H]2,6-deoxyglucose uptake in fat and muscle. Weight gain in controls was 7.6+/-1.7 g, while GH treatment increased the mean body weight by 18.7+/-2.2 g (P<0.0002) and MP inhibited weight gain down to 0.0+/-1.0 g (P<0.004). This drop in weight gain was reversed back to normal when GH was given in combination with MP. After a glucose tolerance test no significant differences in glucose area under the curve were detected when comparing individual groups with the control group, but samples taken just before this test revealed that basal insulin was significantly elevated in the group treated with GH (174+/-27 pM, P<0.008), or GH+MP (209+/-21 pM, P<0.004), when compared with controls (107+/-17 pM). MP alone had no effect (122+/-19, P<0.3). After an i.v. bolus of insulin the group receiving GH+MP had a significantly (P<0.007) higher level of circulating glucose compared with controls (6.5+/-0.3 mM vs 4.4+/-0.7 mM). Despite this, there were no differences in peripheral glucose uptake between the two groups. In conclusion this study shows that a combined administration of GH and MP decreases the potency by which insulin decreases circulating glucose levels, but that peripheral tissues are not primarily involved in this insulin resistance.

Prediabetes in patients treated with antipsychotic drugs

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1164-1164
Author(s):  
P. Manu ◽  
C.U. Correll ◽  
R. van Winkel ◽  
M. Wampers ◽  
M. De Hert
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Antipsychotic Drugs ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Antipsychotic Treatment ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Normal Glucose

BackgroundIn 2010, the American Diabetes Association (ADA) proposed that individuals with fasting glucose 100–125 mg/dl (5.6-6.9 mmol/l) or glucose 140–199 mg/dl (7.8–11.0 mmol/l) 2 hours after a 75 gm oral glucose tolerance test (OGGT) or hemoglobin A1c (A1c) 5.7–6.4% be classified as prediabetic to indicate a high risk for the development of diabetes.ObjectiveTo determine the prevalence of prediabetes in psychiatric patients receiving antipsychotics and to compare the clinical and metabolic features of patients with normal glucose tolerance, prediabetes and diabetes.MethodThe 2010 ADA criteria were applied to a large consecutive cohort of psychiatric patients treated at one institution in Belgium. All patients were evaluated with OGTT, A1c, insulin levels and lipid profiles.ResultsThe study sample was restricted to the 783 adult patients (mean age 37.6) without known history of diabetes. 413 (52.8%) patients had normal glucose tolerance, 290 (37%) were prediabetic and 80 (10.2%) were diabetic. The 3 groups were similar with regard to psychiatric diagnoses, severity of mental illness and antipsychotic treatment. A statistically significant crescendo gradient from normal to prediabetes and from prediabetes to diabetes was observed for age, body mass index, waist circumference, fasting insulin, homeostatic model of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and triglyceride levels. The intergroups differences for fasting insulin and HOMA-IR were confirmed for treatment with clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone and amilsulpride, but not for aripiprazole or first-generation antipsychotics.ConclusionPrediabetes is highly prevalent in adults treated with antipsychotic drugs and correlates with markers of intraabdominal adiposity and insulin resistance.

Glycosylated Haemoglobin as an Alternative to the Glucose Tolerance Test for the Diagnosis of Diabetes Mellitus

1985 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Lester ◽  
A D Frazer ◽  
Carole A Shepherd ◽  
F J Woodroffe
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
Tolerance Response ◽  
Diagnosis Of Diabetes Mellitus

A comparison was made between the results of a standard 75 g oral glucose tolerance test and total haemoglobin A1 in 168 subjects referred by their general practitioners for the diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. The subjects were classified as having normal, impaired or diabetic glucose tolerance using WHO criteria. Of 108 subjects with normal glucose tolerance only three had haemoglobin A1 concentrations over 8%. Of 10 with impaired glucose tolerance two had haemoglobin A1 concentrations over 8%. Of 47 with diabetic responses, eight had haemoglobin A1 concentrations below 9%. There was a significant difference between the haemoglobin A1 concentration when fasting and that 2 hours after the glucose load in the subjects with a diabetic glucose tolerance response, but no significant difference between the two values in the other subjects.

Individuation of different metabolic phenotypes in normal glucose tolerance test

2009 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. P. Carnevale Schianca ◽  
E. Colli ◽  
S. Onolfo ◽  
R. Pedrazzoli ◽  
G. P. Fra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Metabolic Phenotypes ◽  
Normal Glucose

The Quantose Insulin Resistance Test for Maternal Insulin Resistance: A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joe Eid ◽  
Talar Kechichian ◽  
Elisa Benavides ◽  
Lisa Thibodeaux ◽  
Ashley E. Salazar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Blood Draw ◽  
In Pregnancy

Objective Insulin resistance (IR) increases during pregnancy which can lead to hyperinsulinemia, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), and neonatal hypoglycemia (NH), especially in obese women. Glucose tolerance testing (GTT) is used clinically to evaluate IR in pregnancy. Quantose IR score index is a novel blood screen of IR validated in nonpregnant individuals. The score is generated using an algorithm that combines insulin and three biomarkers of fatty acid pathways (α-hydroxybutyrate, oleic acid, linoleoyl-glycerophospocholine). Our objective was to determine the validity of Quantose IR test (Metabolan Inc. Morrisville, NC) in assessing IR in pregnant obese women, as compared with the homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and its ability to predict GDM and NH. Study Design Women between 100/7 and 136/7 weeks of gestation with a pre-pregnancy or early pregnancy body mass index more than 30 kg/m2, and no pregestational diabetes, were included. Fasting blood samples were collected at 100/7 to 136/7 (T1) and 240/7 to 280/7 (T2) weeks. Quantose IR and HOMA-IR were calculated. All women underwent an early (T1; indicated for women with obesity) and a T2 glucose tolerance tests. GDM was diagnosed using the two-step approach, and NH was defined as a neonatal glucose less than 40 mg/dL in the first 24 hours of life. Linear regression and receiver operating characteristic curves were used for analysis. Results The trial enrolled 100 patients. Ten subjects (10%) were diagnosed with GDM in the second trimester and none in the first trimester. At T1, Quantose IR (R2 = 0.48), but not 1-hour glucose tolerance test (R2 = 0.07), correlated with HOMA-IR. Similar correlations were observed at T2. The 1-hour glucose tolerance test followed by HOMA-IR and Quantose IR (area under the curve [AUC]: 0.82, 0.68, and 0.62, respectively) were predictors of GDM. Quantose IR (AUC: 0.74) and 1-hour glucose tolerance test (AUC: 0.72) at T1 and T2 (AUC: 0.75; AUC: 0.93; respectively) were best predictors of NH. The best cut offs, sensitivities, and specificities for prediction of NH were determined. Conclusion Similar to nonpregnant individuals, Quantose IR appears to be a valid measure of IR in obese pregnant women. First trimester Quantose IR is a predictor of GDM diagnosed in the second trimester and NH. Given that it requires a single blood draw and no glucose challenge, it may be a useful test to evaluate and monitor IR in pregnancy. Our findings may be used as pilot data to explore the potential use of Quantose IR in pregnancy further. Key Points

scholarly journals A case–control study to predict the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus by initial fasting blood sugar or past gestational history

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tahmineh Ezazi Bojnordi ◽  
Sedigheh Hantoushzadeh ◽  
Masomeh Sabzevary ◽  
Zahra Heidari
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Glucose Tolerance Test ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Tolerance Test ◽  
Normal Glucose Tolerance ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Previous Pregnancy ◽  
Normal Glucose ◽  
History Of

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) deserves proper prevention, diagnosis, and management due to healthcare implications from both maternal and fetal concerns. Objective: To evaluate the rate and investigate the risk factors for developing GDM. Materials and Methods: In this case-control, universal screening for GDM between 24 and 28 wk of gestation was performed in 613 pregnant women attending a prenatal clinic in Tehran who were followed-up until delivery between March 2017 to March 2018. Of the 613 women, 143 had GDM and 470 had normal glucose tolerance test as the primary diagnosis. Some GDM risk factors were compared in two groups. Results: Impaired glucose tolerance test was detected in 143 (23.3%) patients. Prevalence of GDM was higher in the first-trimester fasting blood sugar (FBS) > 90 qmg/dl group (p < 0.001). Comparison of the GDM and the normal glucose tolerance test groups demonstrated significant differences in maternal age, first-trimester FBS, third-trimester vitamin D level, maternal platelet count, maternal body mass index (BMI) (before 12 wk of gestation), weight gain during pregnancy, and the history of gestational complications in previous pregnancy (p < 0.01). In logistic regression, GDM was independently associated with older maternal age, higher first-trimester FBS, the history of gestational complications in previous pregnancy, lower third-trimester vitamin D level, and higher maternal platelet count (p < 0.01). Conclusion: Both patients with higher initial FBS and the history of gestational complications in previous pregnancy should be considered high risk for GDM and screened earlier. Key words: Diabetes Mellitus, Gestational, Blood glucose, Risk factor.

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