Effects of high feed intake during early gestation on sow performance and offspring growth and carcass characteristics

2006 ◽  
Vol 127 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 187-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.E. Musser ◽  
D.L. Davis ◽  
M.D. Tokach ◽  
J.L. Nelssen ◽  
S.S. Dritz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Early Gestation ◽  
Offspring Growth ◽  
High Feed

scholarly journals Latest Advances in Sow Nutrition during Early Gestation

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1720
Author(s):  
Pieter Langendijk
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Systemic Circulation ◽  
Embryo Survival ◽  
Luteal Function ◽  
Early Gestation ◽  
Progesterone Secretion ◽  
Luteal Tissue ◽  
High Feed ◽  
Sow Nutrition ◽  
Seasonal Infertility

In the pig, the establishment and maintenance of luteal function in early gestation is crucial to endometrial function, embryo development, and survival. The level of feed intake has a positive effect on formation of luteal tissue and progesterone secretion by the ovaries in the pre-implantation period, which is important for endometrial remodeling and secretion. These effects are independent of luteinising hormone (LH) and probably driven by metabolic cues, such as insulin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), and seem to support progesterone secretion and delivery to the endometrium, the latter which occurs directly, bypassing the systemic circulation. Even after implantation, a high feed intake seems to improve embryo survival and the maintenance of pregnancy. In this stage, luteal function is LH-dependent, although normal variations in energy intake may not result in pregnancy failure, but may contribute to nutrient supply to the embryos, since in this phase uterine capacity becomes limiting. Feed incidents, however, such as unintended fasting of animals or severe competition for feed, may result in embryo or even pregnancy loss, especially in periods of seasonal infertility. Specific nutrients such as arginine have a role in the vascularisation of the placenta and can improve the uterine capacity in the period after implantation.

scholarly journals High Feed Intake Increases Liver Blood Flow and Metabolism of Progesterone and Estradiol-17β in Dairy Cattle

2002 ◽  
Vol 85 (11) ◽  
pp. 2831-2842 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Sangsritavong ◽  
D.K. Combs ◽  
R. Sartori ◽  
L.E. Armentano ◽  
M.C. Wiltbank
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Liver Blood Flow ◽  
High Feed ◽  
Estradiol 17Β

Evaluation of the growth performance and carcass characteristics of lambs produced in Quebec

2000 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. L. Hammell ◽  
J. P. Laforest
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Carcass Composition ◽  
Genetic Composition ◽  
Genetic Types ◽  
Maximum Test ◽  
Lamb Growth ◽  
Sire Breed

Data for a total of approximately 1100 lambs tested in 12 trials from 1992 to 1995 in commercial lamb test stations in Quebec were used to determine the effect of sex, sire breed and genetic type on growth performance and carcass characteristics. Lambs were housed two to a pen and fed commercial diets. Maximum test length was 112 d. Lambs were slaughtered when their liveweight was approximately 47 ± 5 kg for the males and 43 ± 4 kg for the females. Feed intake and growth rate were measured during the test, and carcass measurements were taken at slaughter and at 24 h following slaughter. Feed intake was the average for the pen, while the growth and carcass measurements were taken individually. Males ate more per day, had better gain and were younger at slaughter than females. Females had more body fat and better carcass conformation scores than males. However, males did not have a greater loin muscle thickness compared to females. Lambs sired by Hampshire or Suffolk rams had superior growth performance and leaner carcasses than lambs sired by Dorset rams. However, Hampshire and Suffolk-sired lambs did not have a greater loin muscle thickness compared to Dorset-sired lambs. Analysis of different genetic types did not demonstrate a pronounced effect on lamb performance. No specific genetic composition was clearly superior to the others for the various variables studied. Genetic quality within a breed of sheep bought or kept for reproduction is as important as the choice of breed or the combination of breeds. Key words: Lamb, growth performance, carcass composition

scholarly journals Metabolizable energy levels in diets with a fixed nutrient: calorie ratio for free-range broilers

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (6supl2) ◽  
pp. 4009-4022
Author(s):  
Thiago Rodrigues da Silva ◽  
◽  
Karina Márcia Ribeiro de Souza Nascimento ◽  
Charles Kiefer ◽  
Luanna Lopes Paiva Copat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Energy Level ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Metabolizable Energy ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Protein Deposition

The present study proposes to examine the effect of dietary levels of metabolizable energy, under a fixed nutrient:calorie ratio, on the production performance; body fat and protein deposition; and carcass characteristics of free-range broilers from 1 to 84 days of age. Nine hundred unsexed chicks were allocated to six treatments in a completely randomized design with six replicates of 25 birds each. Treatments consisted of diets with varying levels of metabolizable energy (2700, 2800, 2900, 3000, 3100 and 3200 Kcal ME/kg of diet) and a fixed proportion of nutrients relative to the energy level according to the nutritional requirements for each rearing phase. Body weight, weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion, production viability, metabolizable energy intake, protein intake, lysine intake, body fat deposition, body protein deposition and carcass characteristics were evaluated. Data were subjected to analysis of variance and, later, to regression analysis. Increasing levels of metabolizable energy, coupled with a fixed nutrient:calorie ratio, reduced feed intake, increased body weight and weight gain, improved feed conversion and did not affect carcass characteristics. In conclusion, adjusting the nutrient supply according to the dietary energy level improves production performance by improving feed conversion, ensuring adequate nutrient intake and preserving fat and protein deposition in the carcass when the metabolizable energy level is raised up to 3200 Kcal/kg in all rearing stages.

Performance, haematology and carcass characteristics of broiler chickens given water from different sources

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-113
Author(s):  
O. R Folorunso ◽  
E. A. O. Laseinde ◽  
G. E. Onibi
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Stream Water ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Borehole Water ◽  
Different Sources

n eight week study was conducted to assess the performance, carcass characteristics and haematological indices of broiler chickens provided water from different sources. One hundred and fifty day - old broiler chicks (Arbor acre) were randomly allocated to five treatment groups (rain, stream, pipe borne water, well and borehole water respectively) in a completely randomized experimental design. The borehole water was obtained from a residential building, about 500 m to the experimental site (Federal College of Agriculture (FECA), Akure, Nigeria). Rainwater was harvested when it rained and was stored in plastic containers before it was used. It was not stored for more than three days before use. Stream water was obtained from a stream that flowed close to the students' residential area of FECA. It is sometimes drunk and is typical of streams that flow in a typical village community. Well water was obtained from a well sunk within the premises of the FECA. It was a well from where people fetched water for domestic use and was provided to the birds without prior treatment. Pipe borne water was obtained from the Water Corporation Mains that supplies FECA and Ijapo Estate, Akure. Results from the experiment revealed that there were no significant (P>0.05) differences among the treatments in terms of water intake, feed intake, weight gain, feed conversion ratio, carcass characteristics, relative weight of some organs, muscle dimensions and haematological parameters. Pipe borne water had the highest numerical values (P>0.05) for most of the performance and carcass characteristic indices measured, such as daily water intake (181.53±14.6), cumulative water intake (8.90±.71), daily feed intake (106.27±4.15), cumulative feed intake (5.21±0.20), daily weight gain (38.53±2.38), total weight gain (1.89±0.12), final weight gain (1.98±0.12), percent dressed weight (97.11±0.16%), percent eviscerated weight (81.86±3.26%), relative weights of drumstick (99.37±5.43g/kg), wings (89.10±9.69g/kg), chest (170.08±6.59g/kg) and back (159.40±18.90g/kg live weight) respectively. Water from different sources (rain, well, pipe borne water, borehole and stream) had no significant (P>0.05) effect on the performance indices, considered in the study for broiler chickens. This implies that the aforementioned water sources can be used to raise broiler chickens provided such water is free from any contaminants that could impair the health of the birds.

Performance of broiler chickens fed graded dietary inclusion levels of moringa (Moringa oleifera) seed cake

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114
Author(s):  
M. Afolayan ◽  
M. M. Iliya ◽  
G. S. Bawa ◽  
L. Alayande
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Daily Weight Gain ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Seed Cake ◽  
Final Weight ◽  
Dietary Treatments

The progressive increase in the cost and scarcity of conventional feedstuffs, especially energy and protein sources has resulted into a continuous effort in researching into the possible utilization of the under - exploited wild legumes in poultry feed formulation. Several Researchers had reported on the utilization of Moringa oleifera leaf meal in poultry diets whereas; few reports exist on the utilization of Moringa seed. Therefore, this study wasconducted to evaluate the effect of graded dietary levels of moringa seed cake (MSC) on the performance of broiler chickens. A total of 195, one day old Arbor Acre broiler chicks were randomly assigned into five dietary treatments of moringa seed cake, each treatment having three replicates in a completely randomized design. MSC was included at levels of 0, 5,10, 15 and 20% respectively. Feed and water were given ad- libitum. Proximate composition ofMSC showed that it is high in energy, crude protein and ether extract with3304. 39 ME kcals/ kg, 32.49 % and 17.70%, respectively. Birds fed 5% MSC diet were better than the birds on the other levels of MSC diets in terms of growth and carcass characteristics. The results obtained from growth study revealed a significant declined in, final weight, weight gain, feed intake, and feed conversion ratio as the inclusion levels of MSC increased beyond 5% in thediets. The birds on control diet had the best result in terms of final weight , daily weight gain and daily feed intake of 2974g/bird, 52.4g/bird / day and 107.51g/bird/ day respectively followed by those fed diet containing 5% MSC with 2183.4g/bird, 38.24/bird /day and 95.66g/bird /day respectively. whereas, the birds fed 20% MSC had the least (P>0.05) final weight, daily weight gain and daily feed intake of 560 g/bird, 9.26g/bird /day and 33.51g/bird/day respectively. Carcass characteristics followed similar trend as the growth parameters. Hematological indices showed significant differences across the dietary treatments, however, the results were within the normal range except for the white blood cell. It can therefore be, concluded that the inclusion of MSC in broiler chicken diet should not exceed 5% for optimum growth and general performance. 

scholarly journals PSXI-5 Effect of increasing feed intake during late gestation on piglet birth weight and weaning weight of low backfat thickness sows

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 387-388
Author(s):  
Yuanfei Zhou ◽  
Zuhong Liu ◽  
Jian Peng
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Backfat Thickness ◽  
Large White ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
High Feed

Abstract This study investigated the effect of feed intake during late gestation on piglet birth weight and weaning weight of sows with the low backfat thickness (BF) at gestation 90 d. A total of 397 crossbred Landrance × Large White sows according to feed intakes were randomly allotted to three groups 2.8 kg/d (the energy requirement for sow maintenance), 3.6 kg/d and 4.0 kg/d from day 90 to day 110 of gestation. Sows were weighed and measured BF at 90 d and at 110 d of gestation and at weaning. Piglet performance at parturition and at weaning and wean-to-estrus of sows were recorded. Although sows had a tendency to increase BF at gestation 110 d (P = 0.09) and had more BF gain during late gestation with higher feed intake (P < 0.01), there was no evidence for differences in piglet birth weight, within-litter birth weight variation and weak piglet rate, and the number of total born, born alive and stillborn. During lactation, sows fed with high feed intake in late gestation increased body weight loss (P < 0.01). And no differences were observed in piglet performance at weaning and wean-to-estrus interval of sows. In conclusion, during late gestation, sows fed with feed intake more than energy requirement for maintenance had no effect on piglet birth weight or weaning weight.

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