Effects of condensed tannin-amended cassava silage blend diets on feeding behavior, digestibility, nitrogen balance, milk yield and milk composition in dairy goats

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the hot season and nutrition on the oxidative status and metabolic profile of lactating goats during mid lactation. Twenty-four Red Syrian goats were allocated into three groups that were offered the following diets: natural pasture (P), pasture+500 g/h per day of concentrate (PC) and hay plus 500 g/h per day of concentrate (HC). Blood samples were taken in spring (85±7 days in milk (DIM)) and summer (120±7 DIM) and assayed for reactive oxygen metabolites (ROMs), α-tocopherol, glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, non-esterified fatty acids, total protein, albumin and globulin concentrations and glutathione peroxidase (GHS-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. Milk yield and milk composition were also measured. SOD, GSH-Px and ROMs levels increased during summer when temperature humidity index values were high. The increase in ROMs in the PC and HC groups could be ascribed to the improved nutritional regime and to their higher production level. The markers of the oxidative status and of the metabolic profile measured in this study indicate that goats may have experienced moderate oxidative stress. It seems that, seasonal rather than nutritional factors have a more pronounced effect on oxidative status markers. Concentrate supplementation sustained milk yield and may represent a useful means to extend the lactation period in dairy goats during late spring and summer.

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Effect of bromelain on milk yield, milk composition and mammary health in dairy goats

Tropical Animal Health and Production ◽

10.1007/s11250-008-9213-7 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 41 (4) ◽

pp. 493-498 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

A. Contreras ◽

M. J. Paape ◽

R. H. Miller ◽

J. C. Corrales ◽

C. Luengo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Milk Yield ◽

Milk Composition ◽

Dairy Goats

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Effects of dietary supplements of zinc-methionine on milk production, udder health and zinc metabolism in dairy goats

Journal of Dairy Research ◽

10.1017/s0022029902005708 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 70 (1) ◽

pp. 9-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 37

Author(s):

Ahmed AK Salama ◽

Gerardo Caja ◽

Elena Albanell ◽

Xavier Such ◽

Ramón Casals ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Milk Yield ◽

Milk Composition ◽

Barley Grain ◽

Zinc Metabolism ◽

Dairy Goats ◽

Protein Nitrogen ◽

Udder Health ◽

Concentrate Mixture ◽

True Protein ◽

Organic Zn

Twenty-two Murciano-Granadina dairy goats were used to investigate the effects of organic Zn supplementation of a diet containing a high level of inorganic Zn. Goats were kept in pens, machine milked once a day throughout lactation and fed a diet based on a dehydrated mixture of whole-plant maize and alfalfa ad libitum, alfalfa pellets, barley grain and a concentrate mixture. Treatments were: (1) control, and (2) supplemented with 1 g/d Zn-Methionine (Zn-Met) included in the concentrate mixture. After parturition, goats were blocked in week 3 and dietary treatments were applied until week 23. From weeks 3–20, feed intake, milk yield, milk composition, milk somatic cell count (SCC), and udder health were measured. In week 21, all goats were injected intraperitoneally with 1 g/d DL-methionine for 5 d to establish the effects of methionine under the conditions of udder stress induced by hand milking on the second day. During weeks 22 and 23, diet digestibility, and N and Zn balance were determined. Dry matter intake, milk yield, and milk contents of total solids, fat, total and true protein, and casein did not differ between treatments, but whey protein and non-protein nitrogen contents were significantly lower for the Zn-Met group. Milk SCC tended to decrease as a result of Zn-Met supplementation but differences between treatments were not significant when halves with persistent infection were excluded. Hand milking increased SCC in both groups, but udders of supplemented goats showed a lower reaction. Apparent absorption of N significantly increased and Zn retention tended to increase in Zn-Met supplemented goats. We conclude that Zn-Met supplementation can enhance resistance to udder stress in dairy goats. Effects were attributed to the organic Zn and not to the methionine component. Zn retention and protein utilization were also improved by the Zn-Met supplement.

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Short-term effects of milking frequency on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count and milk protein profile in dairy goats

Journal of Dairy Research ◽

10.1017/s0022029914000211 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 81 (3) ◽

pp. 275-279 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Alexandr Torres ◽

Lorenzo-Enrique Hernández-Castellano ◽

Antonio Morales-delaNuez ◽

Davinia Sánchez-Macías ◽

Isabel Moreno-Indias ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Somatic Cell ◽

Cell Count ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Somatic Cell Count ◽

Milk Protein ◽

Protein Profile ◽

Milk Composition ◽

Dairy Goats ◽

Short Term ◽

Milking Frequency

Goats in Canary Islands are milked once a day by tradition, but in most countries with high technology on farms, goats are milked twice a day, which is known to improve milk yield. Therefore it is important to know whether the increase of milking frequency can improve the production without impairing milk quality. The objective of this study was to investigate the short term effects of three milking frequencies on milk yield, milk composition, somatic cell count (SCC) and milk protein profile in dairy goats traditionally milked once a day. Twelve Majorera goats in early lactation (48±4 d in milk) were used. During a 5-week period, goats were milked once a day (X1) in weeks 1 and 5, twice a day (X2) in weeks 2 and 4, and three times a day (X3) in week 3. Milk recording and sampling were done on the last day of each experimental week. Milk yield increased by 26% from X1 to X2. No differences were obtained when goats were switched from X2 to X3, and from X3 to X2. The goats recovered the production level when they returned to X1. Different patterns of changes in the milk constituents due to the milking frequency effect were observed. Fat percentage increased when switched from X1 to X2, then decreased from X2 to X3, and from X3 to X2, whereas it did not show significant differences from X2 to X1. Milking frequency did not affect the protein and lactose percentages. SCC values were unaffected when goats were milked X1, X2 and X3, but then they increased slightly when milking frequency was returned to X2 and X1. Finally, quantitative analysis showed an increase in intensities of milk protein bands from X1 to X2, but the intensities of casein bands (αS1-CN, αS2-CN, β-CN, κ-CN) and major whey proteins (α-La, β-Lg) decreased from X2 to X3.

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Genetic analysis of lifetime productivity traits in goats

Archives Animal Breeding ◽

10.5194/aab-64-293-2021 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 64 (2) ◽

pp. 293-304

Author(s):

Marie-Rosa Wolber ◽

Henning Hamann ◽

Pera Herold

Keyword(s):

Influencing Factors ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Genetic Correlations ◽

Milk Composition ◽

Breeding Value ◽

Pedigree Data ◽

Birth Cohorts ◽

Dairy Goats ◽

Protein Ratio ◽

Extended Lactation

Abstract. As part of the development of a breeding programme for dairy goats to support sustainable production in organic farming, the overall aim of the present study was to identify traits that can be used as selection criteria for lifetime productivity. The breeding goal is high lifetime productivity with a good milk composition and a good level of robustness in the animals, especially within grazing systems. The lifetime productivity traits analysed in this study were the length of the animal's productive life (LPL), the lifetime efficiency (LEF), and the animal's milk yield efficiency with respect the total number of lactating days (EDM); the average fat and protein content over the animal's lifetime, the fat-to-protein ratio (FPR), and the urea content (UC) were also included as indirect health traits and potential indicators of robustness in dairy goats. The traits' influencing factors, phenotypic and genetic correlations, and heritability were examined. Furthermore, factors influencing milk yield in the first 120 d of lactation during the animal's first lactation were analysed. The aim of investigating milk yield during the first lactation was to consider a connection between early performance recoding in the life of an animal and LPL, LEF, and EDM. In total, lactation and pedigree data from 9192 dairy goats of the common German Fawn (GF) and German White (GW) dairy breeds were used. Prerequisites were that the investigated birth cohorts had to have definitively completed their lifetime production, and a high proportion of goats had to have completed extended lactation. The data analysis showed that breed did not influence milk yield. The age at first kidding, the average number of kids born during the animal's lifetime, and the lactation length did influence the milk yield. This applies to the milk yield during the first 120 d of the first lactation as well as over the lifetime of an animal. Considering the influencing factors, the results showed that LPL was genetically and positively correlated with LEF and EDM (rg=0.65±0.06 and 0.29±0.07 respectively). The heritability of LPL, LEF, and EDM was 0.22±0.02, 0.29±0.03, and 0.44±0.03 respectively. Regarding the lifetime milk composition, the heritability of protein and fat content, FPR, and UC was 0.63±0.02, 0.52±0.02, 0.32±0.03, and 0.47±0.04 respectively. The heritability regarding the milk yield during the first 120 d of the first lactation was 0.34±0.03. We found that the milk yield during the first 120 d of the first lactation showed a genetic correlation with LPL, LEF, and EDM of 0.30±0.08, 0.82±0.04, and 0.89±0.03 respectively. In summary, LPL, LEF, and EDM are suitable traits to indicate lifetime productivity in dairy goats. An additional indicator for lifetime productivity could be the milk yield during the first 120 d of the first lactation. Moreover, FPR and UC appear to be promising indicator traits for the health and robustness of dairy goats. The present study showed the importance of considering extended lactation in selective breeding programmes as well as the importance of modelling extended lactation in the breeding value estimation.

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Milk yield, milk composition, and milk metabolomics of dairy goats intramammary-challenged with lipopolysaccharide under heat stress conditions

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-020-61900-8 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ahmed A. K. Salama ◽

Alexandra Contreras-Jodar ◽

Samantha Love ◽

Nabil Mehaba ◽

Xavier Such ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heat Stress ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Milk Composition ◽

Stress Conditions ◽

Dairy Goats

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Evaluation of Milk Production and Milk Composition at Different Stages of Saanen Dairy Goats

Journal Of Agrobiotechnology ◽

10.37231/jab.2021.12.1s.286 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1S) ◽

pp. 204-211

Author(s):

Noor Syaheera Ibrahim ◽

Farida Hani Ahmad Tajuddin

Keyword(s):

Milk Production ◽

Milk Yield ◽

Goat Milk ◽

Milk Composition ◽

Cow Milk ◽

Local Market ◽

Dairy Goats ◽

Food Regulation ◽

Milk Samples ◽

Stage Of Lactation

Milk is an important elements due to its high nutritious and balanced in human diet. In Asian, goat milk is the most consumed because of the unique taste, more nutritious than cow milk. However, milk production and composition values differ at every stage of lactation in goats. Thus, determining the highest milk production and producing the best quality goat milk is essential to satisfy the local market demands. The objective of the present study is to determine the milk yield and milk composition at different lactation stages and to evaluate the lactation curves in Saanen goats. The lactation stages can be categorized into three, early (less than 80 days), mid (80 – 140 days) and late (over 140 days) days in milk (DIM). In total, 90 milk samples were collected from 15 goats representing early (n=5), mid (n=5), and late (n=5) stages of lactation. The Saanen goats were raised under the same conditions, and milking was done early in the morning (9.00am).The milk yield from Saanen goats were collected and measured weekly at each stage of lactation. Milk samples were analyzed for fat, protein, solid non-fat, and lactose. Current result illustrated, there were significant different (p ˂ 0.05) among three stages of lactation in milk yield, solid non-fat, fat, protein and lactose. In terms of food regulation, the Saanen goats almost fully met the standard requirements for milk production and composition. In addition, this study also observes the lactation curves in Saanen goats and analyse the curve shapes and patterns. The average milk yields from three different stages develops a concave downward curve. The results indicated that mid yield increased from early to mid- lactation and decreased thereafter until the end of lactation.

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