The effect of hot season and nutrition on the oxidative status and metabolic profile in dairy goats during mid lactation

2006 ◽  
Vol 82 (5) ◽  
pp. 717-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Di Trana ◽  
P. Celi ◽  
S. Claps ◽  
V. Fedele ◽  
R. Rubino
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Metabolic Profile ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Metabolites ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Natural Pasture ◽  
Lactating Goats ◽  
Hot Season

AbstractThe aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the hot season and nutrition on the oxidative status and metabolic profile of lactating goats during mid lactation. Twenty-four Red Syrian goats were allocated into three groups that were offered the following diets: natural pasture (P), pasture+500 g/h per day of concentrate (PC) and hay plus 500 g/h per day of concentrate (HC). Blood samples were taken in spring (85±7 days in milk (DIM)) and summer (120±7 DIM) and assayed for reactive oxygen metabolites (ROMs), α-tocopherol, glucose, triglycerides, cholesterol, non-esterified fatty acids, total protein, albumin and globulin concentrations and glutathione peroxidase (GHS-Px) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. Milk yield and milk composition were also measured. SOD, GSH-Px and ROMs levels increased during summer when temperature humidity index values were high. The increase in ROMs in the PC and HC groups could be ascribed to the improved nutritional regime and to their higher production level. The markers of the oxidative status and of the metabolic profile measured in this study indicate that goats may have experienced moderate oxidative stress. It seems that, seasonal rather than nutritional factors have a more pronounced effect on oxidative status markers. Concentrate supplementation sustained milk yield and may represent a useful means to extend the lactation period in dairy goats during late spring and summer.

scholarly journals Oxidative status in dairy goats: periparturient variation and changes in subclinical hyperketonemia and hypocalcemia

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Huang ◽  
Jing Wen ◽  
Yezi Kong ◽  
Chenxu Zhao ◽  
Siqi Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Redox Homeostasis ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
The Body ◽  
Production Performance ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Periparturient Period ◽  
Total Antioxidant

Abstract Background A better comprehension of the redox status during the periparturient period may facilitate the development of management and nutritional solutions to prevent subclinical hyperketonemia (SCHK) and subclinical hypocalcemia (SCHC) in dairy goats. We aimed to evaluate the variation in the redox status of dairy goats with SCHK and SCHC during their periparturient periods. Guanzhong dairy goats (n = 30) were assigned to SCHK (n = 10), SCHC (n = 10), and healthy (HEAL, n = 10) groups based on their blood β-hydroxybutyrate (BHBA) and calcium (Ca) concentrations. Blood were withdrawn from goats every week from 3 weeks before the expected parturition date to 3 weeks post-kidding. On the same day, the body condition scores (BCS) were evaluated, and the milk yield was recorded for each goat. The metabolic profile parameters and the indicators of oxidative status were determined by using the standard biochemical techniques. Results In comparison with the HEAL goats, SCHK and SCHC goats presented with a more dramatic decline of BCS post-kidding and a significant decrease in the milk yield at 2- and 3-weeks postpartum, ignoring the obvious increase at 1-week postpartum. The levels of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) peaked at parturition, exhibiting significantly higher levels from 1-week prepartum to the parturition day in the SCHK and SCHC groups. The malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration was increased in the SCHK goats from 1-week antepartum until 3-weeks postpartum, with its concentration being significantly higher in the SCHC goats at parturition. The hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) concentration was significantly lower in the SCHK and SCHC goats from 2-weeks antepartum to 1-week post-kidding. The total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and the superoxide dismutase (SOD) level were decreased at 1-week antepartum in the SCHK and SCHC goats, respectively. The glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) level was increased in the SCHK and SCHC goats during the early lactation period. Conclusions The SCHK and SCHC goats exerted more efforts to maintain their redox homeostasis and to ensure the production performance than the HEAL goats during their periparturient period, probably owing to more intense fat mobilization and lipid peroxidation in the former.

Evaluation of xanthosine treatment on gene expression of mammary glands in early lactating goats

2018 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 288-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ratan K Choudhary ◽  
Shanti Choudhary ◽  
Devendra Pathak ◽  
Rahul Udehiya ◽  
Ramneek Verma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Progenitor Cell ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Differentiation Markers ◽  
Cell Markers ◽  
Lactating Goats ◽  
Mammary Stem

This study examined the hypothesis that xanthosine (XS) treatment would promote mammary-specific gene expression and stem cell transcripts and have a positive influence on milk yield of dairy goats. Seven primiparous Beetal goats were assigned to the study. Five days after kidding, one gland (either left or right) was infused with XS (TRT) twice daily for 3 d and the other gland with no XS infusion served as a control (CON). Mammary biopsies were collected at 10 d and RNA was isolated. Gene expression analysis of milk synthesis genes, mammary stem/progenitor cell markers, cell proliferation and differentiation markers were performed using real time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). Results showed that the transcripts of milk synthesis genes (BLG4, CSN2, LALBA, FABP3, CD36) and mammary stem/progenitor cell markers (ALDH1 and NR5A2) were increased in as a result of XS treatment. Average milk yield in TRT glands was increased marginally (approximately ~2% P = 0·05, paired t-test) per gland relative to CON gland until 7 wk. After 7 wk, milk yield of TRT and CON glands did not differ. Analysis of milk composition revealed that protein, lactose, fat and solids-not-fat percentages remained the same in TRT and CON glands. These results suggest that XS increases expression of milk synthesis genes, mammary stem/progenitor cells and has a small effect on milk yield.

scholarly journals Effects of condensed tannin-amended cassava silage blend diets on feeding behavior, digestibility, nitrogen balance, milk yield and milk composition in dairy goats

animal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 100015
Author(s):  
T.V.C. Nascimento ◽  
R.L. Oliveira ◽  
D.R. Menezes ◽  
A.R.F. de Lucena ◽  
M.A.Á. Queiroz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Condensed Tannin ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Dairy Goats

Effect of a high forage : concentrate ratio on milk yield, blood parameters and oxidative status in lactating cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 60 (12) ◽  
pp. 1531
Author(s):  
N. Musco ◽  
R. Tudisco ◽  
M. Grossi ◽  
V. Mastellone ◽  
V. M. Morittu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Feeding Strategy ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Blood Parameters ◽  
Oxidative Status ◽  
Reactive Oxygen Metabolites ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Milk Urea ◽  
High Forage ◽  
Oxygen Metabolites

A feeding strategy that requires a forage:concentrate ratio equal to 70:30, with at least five different herbs in the forage and the use of silages prohibited, has recently been introduced in Italy. Despite the benefits in terms of human health (lower ω6:ω3 ratio, higher conjugated linoleic acid level) of the obtained milk, little information regarding the possible effects on cows’ health is available. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of such a feeding strategy in dairy cows (90 days in milk at the beginning of the trial) on milk yield and composition, and blood metabolic profile, including the evaluation of oxidative stress. The proposed feeding strategy, compared with a semi-intensive strategy, resulted in an improvement of animal oxidative status (lower levels of reactive oxygen metabolites, higher levels of antioxidant potential and anti-reactive oxygen metabolites) and a significant increase of milk urea only in the first part of the trial. No differences in milk yield and composition were detected throughout the trial.

scholarly journals Effects of Once Versus Twice Daily Milking Throughout Lactation on Milk Yield and Milk Composition in Dairy Goats

2003 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 1673-1680 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A.K. Salama ◽  
X. Such ◽  
G. Caja ◽  
M. Rovai ◽  
R. Casals ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Dairy Goats

scholarly journals The Effects of Substituting Dietary Soybean Meal with Maize Grain on Milk Production in Dairy Goats

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 299
Author(s):  
Luca Rapetti ◽  
Gianluca Galassi ◽  
Andrea Rota Graziosi ◽  
Gianni Matteo Crovetto ◽  
Stefania Colombini
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
High Protein Diet ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Nitrogen Excretion ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Lactating Goats ◽  
Maize Grain

In view of better environmental sustainability, livestock diets must not exceed protein requirements, as often happens with lactating goats reared in semi-intensive systems. The aim of this experiment was to verify in real-breeding conditions the influence of two diets with different protein contents (% crude protein (CP) on dry matter (DM)): 16.0 (high-protein diet; HP) vs 12.2 (low-protein diet; LP) on milk production in dairy goats. The diets differed only in the replacement—in the LP diet—of 250 g soybean meal with 250 g maize grain meal. Twenty-three Alpine goats were divided into two groups and used in a cross-over feeding trial for 2 months. Animals were weighed at the beginning of each month of the trial, and feed intake and milk yield and composition were recorded weekly. HP and LP did not differ statistically for milk yield and composition (3.32 vs 3.42 kg milk/d, 3.21% vs 3.27% fat, 3.31% vs 3.27% protein for HP and LP, respectively), but the HP diet determined a higher milk urea content (51.2 vs 36.6 mg/dL, p < 0.001) and a worse efficiency of nitrogen utilization (28.0% vs 37.2%). In conclusion, the LP diet resulted in a reduction of urinary nitrogen excretion by 28% and of the feed cost by about 10%.

Effect of bromelain on milk yield, milk composition and mammary health in dairy goats

2008 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 493-498 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Contreras ◽  
M. J. Paape ◽  
R. H. Miller ◽  
J. C. Corrales ◽  
C. Luengo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Dairy Goats

scholarly journals Milk production in Finnsheep and Romanov breeds

1988 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
pp. 603-607
Author(s):  
W. J. Boylan ◽  
H. Sakul
Keyword(s):  
Least Squares ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Milk Composition ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Composition Data ◽  
Mating Design ◽  
Sheep Breeds ◽  
A Value ◽  
Diallel Mating Design

The Finn, Romanov and several U.S. sheep breeds were machine milked to obtain information on several measures of milk production and milk composition. Data were obtained over at wo year to four year period utilizing 146 purebred ewe records and 165 crossbred ewe records. The level of milk production for a 130 day lactation period for the breeds evaluated was generally low compared to traditional European dairy breeds. The least-squares overall mean for milk yield was 68.8 liters. The Suffolk (80.5 liters) and the Rambouillet (75.3 liters) were superior. The Targhee, Dorset and Lincoln breeds followed in order for milk yield. The Finn (64.0 liters) and Romanov (39.1 liters) were lowest. Finn sired crossbred ewes had the highest level of milk production (84.4 liters) in a four breed diallel mating design of Finn, Dorset, Lincoln and Rambouillet breeds. A value of 15.4 % was found for heterosis in milk production.

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