scholarly journals Thiamine modulates intestinal morphological structure and microbiota under subacute ruminal acidosis induced by a high-concentrate diet in Saanen goats

animal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 100370
Author(s):  
K. Wen ◽  
M.M. Zhao ◽  
L. Liu ◽  
Mawahib K. Khogali ◽  
T.Y. Geng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Subacute Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis

Effects of subacute ruminal acidosis on colon epithelial morphological structure, permeability and expression of key tight junction proteins in a dairy goat model

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mengya wang ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Min Gao ◽  
Liwen Song ◽  
Ming Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tight Junction ◽  
Barrier Function ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
Epithelial Barrier ◽  
Colonic Epithelium ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Subacute Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis

Abstract Background: The hindgut epithelial barrier plays an important role in maintaining absorption and immune homeosrasis in ruminants. However, there is little information available on changes of colon epithelial barrier structure and function following grain-induced subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA). The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of SARA on colon epithelial morphological structure, permeability and gene expression involved in epithelial barrier function using dairy goats as a ruminant model. Methods: Twelve mid-lactating Sannan dairy goats (62.13 ± 4.76 kg) were randomly divided into either control (n = 6) or SARA treatment (n = 6). Control goats were fed a mixed diet (non-fiber carbohydrates/neutral detergent fiber (NFC/NDF) =1.15) for 60 days, SARA induction goats were given 4 mixed diets with NFC to NDF ratios of 1.15, 1.49, 2.12 and 2.66 to induce development of SARA. The duration of each diet was 15 d including 12 d for adaption and 3 d for sampling. Continuous ruminal pH recordings were utilized to diagnose the severity of SARA. Additionally, Plasma and colonic tissue were collected to evaluate the epithelial tissue morphological structure, permeability and expression of tight junction (TJ) protein using histological techniques, Ussing chamber, real-time PCR and western blotting. Results: Profound disruption in the colonic epithelium was mainly manifested as the electron density of TJ decreased, intercellular space widened and mitochondria swelled in SARA dairy goats. Epithelial Isc, Gt and the mucosal-to-serosal flux of FD4 ( P < 0.05) were increased, PD was decreased in SARA dairy goats compared with the control. SARA increased the plasma LPS ( P < 0.001), D-lactic acid contents ( P = 0.025) and DAO activity ( P = 0.003). Increased gene and protein expression of claudin-1 and occludin ( P < 0.05) were observed in colonic epithelium of SARA goats. Conclusion: Overall, the data of present study demonstrate that SARA can impair the barrier function of the colonic epithelium in dairy goats, which is associated with severe epithelial structural damage and increased permeability and changes in the expression of TJ proteins.

scholarly journals Metagenomic Insight: Dietary Thiamine Supplementation Promoted the Growth of Carbohydrate-Associated Microorganisms and Enzymes in the Rumen of Saanen Goats Fed High-Concentrate Diets

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 632
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
Along Peng ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Hongrong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Control Diet ◽  
Starch Degradation ◽  
Subacute Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Fiber Degradation ◽  
Rumen Ph ◽  
Carbohydrate Degradation ◽  
Ruminal Microbiota ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The Relationship

Subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) is often caused by feeding a high-concentrate diet in intensive ruminant production. Although previous studies have shown that dietary thiamine supplementation can effectively increase rumen pH and modify rumen fermentation, the effect of thiamine supplementation on rumen carbohydrate-related microorganisms and enzymes in goats under SARA conditions remain unclear. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of dietary thiamine supplementation on carbohydrate-associated microorganisms and enzymes in the rumen of Saanen goats fed high-concentrate diets. Nine healthy mid-lactating Saanen goats in parity 1 or 2 were randomly assigned into three treatments: A control diet (CON; concentrate:forage (30:70)), a high-concentrate diet (HC; concentrate:forage (70:30)), and a high-concentrate diet with 200 mg of thiamine/kg of DMI (HCT; concentrate:forage (70:30)). Compared with the HC group, dietary thiamine supplementation improved ruminal microbes associated with fiber, including Prevotella, Fibrobacter, Neocallimastix, and Piromyces (p < 0.05). In addition, an increase in the relative abundance of enzymes involved in both fiber degradation and starch degradation, such as CBM16, GH3, and GH97, was observed in the HCT treatment. (p < 0.05). Thus, thiamine supplementation can improve carbohydrate metabolism by increasing the abundance of the microorganisms and enzymes involved in carbohydrate degradation. In conclusion, this study revealed the relationship between ruminal microbiota and enzymes, and these findings contributed to solving the problems arising from the high-concentrate feeding in ruminant production and to providing a new perspective on ruminant health.

scholarly journals Subacute Ruminal Acidosis in Zebu Cattle: Clinical and Behavioral Aspects

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Natalia Sato Minami ◽  
Rejane Santos Sousa ◽  
Francisco Leonardo Costa Oliveira ◽  
Mailson Rennan Borges Dias ◽  
Débora Aparecida Cassiano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Zebu Cattle ◽  
Subacute Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Citrus Pulp ◽  
Lactic Acids

We evaluated the clinical aspects and feeding behavior of cattle with subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) caused by short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Ten healthy Nelore heifers were subjected to an adjusted SARA induction protocol using citrus pulp (CP). Clinical examinations were performed at baseline and at 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, and 24 h intervals after induction, with ruminal fluid, blood, and feces sampling. The animals’ feeding behavior was evaluated on, before, and for 3 days after SARA by observing the animals every 5 min for 24 h. The dry matter intake (DMI) was recorded daily. The ruminal pH during SARA was always lower than baseline, with an acidotic duration of 547 ± 215 min, a minimum pH of 5.38 ± 0.16, and an average pH of 5.62 ± 0.1. SARA was mainly caused by SCFAs (maximum 118.4 ± 9.3 mmol/L), with the production of l-lactic acids (7.17 mmol/L) and d-lactic acids (0.56 mmol/L) 6 h after the experiment began. The DMI was reduced by 66% and 48% on days 1 and 2, respectively, and returned to normal levels on day 3. SARA caused a reduction in feed intake and rumination time, as well as an increase in the time spent in decubitus on days 1 and 2. These results were influenced by the ruminal pH, ruminal movement, and osmolarity. Furthermore, SARA caused different degrees of depression, which became more pronounced with higher ruminal lactic acid concentrations.

A Study on Occurrence and Haemato-biochemical Alterations in SARA in Cattle Treated with Different Therapeutic Regimens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.B. Thorat ◽  
S.T. Borikar ◽  
M.F.M.F. Siddiqui ◽  
S.R. Rajurkar ◽  
S.D. Moregaonkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Subacute Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Biochemical Alterations ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Fermentable Carbohydrates

Background: Subacute ruminal acidosis is one of the most important nutritional diseases in cattle. The consequence of feeding excessive amounts of rapidly fermentable carbohydrates in conjunction with inadequate fiber to ruminants leads to subacute ruminal acidosis. Cattles are at a high risk of developing SARA. The present research work was undertaken to study haemato-biochemical alterations in SARA affected cattle treated with different treatment regimens. Methods: Present work was done to study the efficacy of sodium bicarbonate powder, Azadirachta indica (Neem) dried leaves powder and Saccharomyces cervisiae (Yeast) in sub-acute ruminal acidosis (SARA) in cattle. Out of 148 cattle screened, 24 (16.22%) were diagnosed as SARA, 13 (56.52%) animals were in mid stage of lactation followed by early and late lactation (5 cases, 21.74% each).Result: After sodium bicarbonate treatment, animals showed changes in various haemato-biochemical parameters. However decreased neutrophils and ALT was also observed. After treatment of Azadirachta indica reduction in lymphocyte and eosinophil count was seen.

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