A Study on Occurrence and Haemato-biochemical Alterations in SARA in Cattle Treated with Different Therapeutic Regimens

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.B. Thorat ◽  
S.T. Borikar ◽  
M.F.M.F. Siddiqui ◽  
S.R. Rajurkar ◽  
S.D. Moregaonkar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Subacute Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Biochemical Alterations ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Stage Of Lactation ◽  
Fermentable Carbohydrates

Background: Subacute ruminal acidosis is one of the most important nutritional diseases in cattle. The consequence of feeding excessive amounts of rapidly fermentable carbohydrates in conjunction with inadequate fiber to ruminants leads to subacute ruminal acidosis. Cattles are at a high risk of developing SARA. The present research work was undertaken to study haemato-biochemical alterations in SARA affected cattle treated with different treatment regimens. Methods: Present work was done to study the efficacy of sodium bicarbonate powder, Azadirachta indica (Neem) dried leaves powder and Saccharomyces cervisiae (Yeast) in sub-acute ruminal acidosis (SARA) in cattle. Out of 148 cattle screened, 24 (16.22%) were diagnosed as SARA, 13 (56.52%) animals were in mid stage of lactation followed by early and late lactation (5 cases, 21.74% each).Result: After sodium bicarbonate treatment, animals showed changes in various haemato-biochemical parameters. However decreased neutrophils and ALT was also observed. After treatment of Azadirachta indica reduction in lymphocyte and eosinophil count was seen.

Effect of subacute ruminal acidosis on the preference of cows for pellets containing sodium bicarbonate

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 149-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Cumby ◽  
J. C. Plaizier ◽  
I. Kyriazakis ◽  
B. W. McBride
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Diet Choice ◽  
Control Test ◽  
Subacute Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Rumen Ph ◽  
Over Time

Lactating cows with low rumen pH were given a choice between two test pellets during a 3-wk experiment. Intake of test pellets containing 4% sodium bicarbonate increased over time, but intake of control test pellets with an equal sodium content through inclusion of sodium chloride remained unaltered. Cows could have preferred bicarbonate pellets in order to attenuate ruminal acidosis, but increased aversion to sodium chloride cannot be excluded. Key words: Acidosis, diet choice, dairy cattle, sodium bicarbonate

scholarly journals Subacute Ruminal Acidosis and Evaluation of Blood Gas Analysis in Dairy Cow

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Gianesella ◽  
Massimo Morgante ◽  
Chiara Cannizzo ◽  
Annalisa Stefani ◽  
Paolo Dalvit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Blood Gas Analysis ◽  
Gas Analysis ◽  
Dairy Herds ◽  
Blood Gas ◽  
Subacute Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Rumen Ph ◽  
Fermentable Carbohydrates

Subacute Ruminal Acidosis (SARA) corresponds to an imbalance between lactate-producing bacteria and lactate-using bacteria, which results in a change in ruminal pH associated with a prevalent consumption of rapidly fermentable carbohydrates. In our study, 216 primiparus and multiparus dairy cows were selected from 20 Italian intensive dairy herds and were divided into three groups based on the risk of SARA. All the dairy cows had high average milk production. After blood sampling, a complete blood gas analysis was performed. One-way ANOVA was performed to compare the three groups. Cont, PC, blood pH, Hb, urinary pH, and rumen pH were significantly lower in cows with rumen . These results indicate that blood gas analysis is a valuable tool to diagnose acidosis in dairy cows because it provides good assessment of acidosis while being less invasive than rumen pH analysis.

Why are dairy cows not able to cope with the subacute ruminal acidosis?

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 813-821
Author(s):  
A.M. Brzozowska ◽  
K. Słoniewski ◽  
J. Oprządek ◽  
P. Sobiech ◽  
Z.M. Kowalski
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Subacute Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Fermentable Carbohydrates

Abstract One of the largest challenges for the dairy industry is to provide cows with a diet which is highly energetic but does not negatively affect their rumens’ functions. In highly productive dairy cows, feeding diets rich in readily fermentable carbohydrates provides energy precursors needed for maximum milk production, but simultaneously decreases ruminal pH, leading to a widespread prevalence of subacute ruminal acidosis. Maximizing milk production without triggering rumen acidosis still challenges dairy farmers, who try to prevent prolonged bouts of low ruminal pH mainly by proper nutrition and management practices. The animals try to avoid overeating fermentable feeds, as it causes negative consequences by disturbing digestive processes. The results of several experiments show that ruminants, including sheep and beef cattle, are able to modify some aspects of feeding behaviour in order to adjust nutrient intake to their needs and simultaneously prevent physiological disturbances. Particularly, such changes (e.g., increased preference for fibrous feeds, reduced intake of concentrates) were observed in animals, which were trying to prevent the excessive drop of rumen fluid pH. Thanks to a specific mechanism called “the postingestive feedback”, animals should be able to work out such a balance in intake, so they do not suffer either from hunger or from negative effects of over-ingesting the fermentable carbohydrates. This way, an acidosis should not be a frequent problem in ruminants. However, prolonged periods of excessively decreased rumen pH are still a concern in dairy cows. It raises a question, why the regulation of feed intake by postingestive feedback does not help to maintain stable rumen environment in dairy cows?

scholarly journals The Effects of Subacute Ruminal Acidosis on Sodium Bicarbonate-Supplemented Water Intake for Lactating Dairy Cows

2004 ◽  
Vol 87 (7) ◽  
pp. 2248-2253 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Cottee ◽  
I. Kyriazakis ◽  
T.M. Widowski ◽  
M.I. Lindinger ◽  
J.P. Cant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Water Intake ◽  
Subacute Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows

Use of sodium bicarbonate, offered free choice or blended into the ration, to reduce the risk of ruminal acidosis in cattle

2006 ◽  
Vol 86 (3) ◽  
pp. 429-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura J Paton ◽  
Karen A Beauchemin ◽  
Douglas M Veira ◽  
Marina A. G. von Keyserlingk
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Free Choice ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Subacute Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis

A study was conducted to determine whether feeding sodium bicarbonate (SB) reduces the risk of subacute ruminal acidosis in cattle fed high concentrate feedlot finishing diets. The experiment was conducted as a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design with two squares and 2-wk periods. Three mature, non-lactating Holstein cows were allocated to square 1 and three mature Jersey steers were allocated to square 2. The cattle were ruminally cannulated and gradually adapted to a high concentrate diet before starting the experiment. The basal diet contained approximately 80% stream-rolled barley, on a dry matter (DM) basis, and was offered for ad libitum intake. Treatments were: control (no SB), control diet with cattle given free choice access to a SB mixture consisting of 70% SB and 30% dried molasses (free choice SB), and control diet supplemented with SB (7 g SB kg-1 DM; mixed SB). Ruminal pH was measured at the end of each 14-d period for 3 continuous days using an indwelling pH system. Dry matter intake (DMI) was not affected by treatment. However, SB intake depended upon type of cattle and method of provision (P = 0.04); cows had higher SB intake when it was mixed into the diet (57.8 vs. 17.4 g d-1), whereas steers had higher SB intake when SB was provided free choice (129.1 vs. 56.1 g d-1). Ruminal pH characteristics (mean, maximum, minimum, hours, and area under a threshold pH of 5.8 or 5.5) were not affected by treatment. Although neither method of delivering SB reduced the total time each day that pH was below the pH thresholds used to indicate subacute ruminal acidosis, the number of long (> 4 h) continuous bouts of acidosis (pH ≤ 5.8) was reduced (P = 0.01) when SB was mixed into the ration compared with the control. When offered free choice, intake of SB was highly variable among animals and from day-to-day and was inversely correlated to DMI. However, there was no correlation between SB intake and ruminal pH indicating that, when given the opportunity, cattle did not select SB to help prevent ruminal acidosis. Providing SB, either free choice or mixed into the ration, did not eliminate subacute ruminal acidosis in cattle fed high-grain diets. However, mixing SB into the ration reduced the number of long bouts of ruminal acidosis, which could potentially reduce the negative consequences of ruminal acidosis on feed digestion. Key words: Acidosis, beef cattle, high-grain diets, ruminal pH, sodium bicarbonate

scholarly journals Metagenomic Insight: Dietary Thiamine Supplementation Promoted the Growth of Carbohydrate-Associated Microorganisms and Enzymes in the Rumen of Saanen Goats Fed High-Concentrate Diets

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 632
Author(s):  
Ying Zhang ◽  
Chao Wang ◽  
Along Peng ◽  
Hao Zhang ◽  
Hongrong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Control Diet ◽  
Starch Degradation ◽  
Subacute Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Fiber Degradation ◽  
Rumen Ph ◽  
Carbohydrate Degradation ◽  
Ruminal Microbiota ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The Relationship

Subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) is often caused by feeding a high-concentrate diet in intensive ruminant production. Although previous studies have shown that dietary thiamine supplementation can effectively increase rumen pH and modify rumen fermentation, the effect of thiamine supplementation on rumen carbohydrate-related microorganisms and enzymes in goats under SARA conditions remain unclear. Therefore, the objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of dietary thiamine supplementation on carbohydrate-associated microorganisms and enzymes in the rumen of Saanen goats fed high-concentrate diets. Nine healthy mid-lactating Saanen goats in parity 1 or 2 were randomly assigned into three treatments: A control diet (CON; concentrate:forage (30:70)), a high-concentrate diet (HC; concentrate:forage (70:30)), and a high-concentrate diet with 200 mg of thiamine/kg of DMI (HCT; concentrate:forage (70:30)). Compared with the HC group, dietary thiamine supplementation improved ruminal microbes associated with fiber, including Prevotella, Fibrobacter, Neocallimastix, and Piromyces (p < 0.05). In addition, an increase in the relative abundance of enzymes involved in both fiber degradation and starch degradation, such as CBM16, GH3, and GH97, was observed in the HCT treatment. (p < 0.05). Thus, thiamine supplementation can improve carbohydrate metabolism by increasing the abundance of the microorganisms and enzymes involved in carbohydrate degradation. In conclusion, this study revealed the relationship between ruminal microbiota and enzymes, and these findings contributed to solving the problems arising from the high-concentrate feeding in ruminant production and to providing a new perspective on ruminant health.

scholarly journals Subacute Ruminal Acidosis in Zebu Cattle: Clinical and Behavioral Aspects

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Natalia Sato Minami ◽  
Rejane Santos Sousa ◽  
Francisco Leonardo Costa Oliveira ◽  
Mailson Rennan Borges Dias ◽  
Débora Aparecida Cassiano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behavior ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Clinical Aspects ◽  
Zebu Cattle ◽  
Subacute Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Ruminal Acidosis ◽  
Citrus Pulp ◽  
Lactic Acids

We evaluated the clinical aspects and feeding behavior of cattle with subacute ruminal acidosis (SARA) caused by short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Ten healthy Nelore heifers were subjected to an adjusted SARA induction protocol using citrus pulp (CP). Clinical examinations were performed at baseline and at 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 18, and 24 h intervals after induction, with ruminal fluid, blood, and feces sampling. The animals’ feeding behavior was evaluated on, before, and for 3 days after SARA by observing the animals every 5 min for 24 h. The dry matter intake (DMI) was recorded daily. The ruminal pH during SARA was always lower than baseline, with an acidotic duration of 547 ± 215 min, a minimum pH of 5.38 ± 0.16, and an average pH of 5.62 ± 0.1. SARA was mainly caused by SCFAs (maximum 118.4 ± 9.3 mmol/L), with the production of l-lactic acids (7.17 mmol/L) and d-lactic acids (0.56 mmol/L) 6 h after the experiment began. The DMI was reduced by 66% and 48% on days 1 and 2, respectively, and returned to normal levels on day 3. SARA caused a reduction in feed intake and rumination time, as well as an increase in the time spent in decubitus on days 1 and 2. These results were influenced by the ruminal pH, ruminal movement, and osmolarity. Furthermore, SARA caused different degrees of depression, which became more pronounced with higher ruminal lactic acid concentrations.

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