Soil fungal population levels in cotton fields fertilized with poultry litter and their relationships to soil nutrient concentrations and plant growth parameters

Blackberry (Rubus ssp. Rubus) cultivars, three trailing types (Marion, Black Diamond, and Obsidian) and one semierect type (Triple Crown), were studied for their response to different types of fertilizer from 2011–12, at a certified organic, grower collaborator site located in Jefferson, OR. Plants were fertilized at a target rate of 50 lb/acre nitrogen (N) each spring using three different sources: 1) a liquid fish and molasses blend (4N–0P–1.7K); 2) pelletized soy (Glycine max) meal (8N–0.4P–1.7K); and 3) pelletized, processed poultry litter (4N–1.3P–2.5K). Plants were drip irrigated, and weeds were managed using a polypropylene, permeable landscape fabric (weed mat). Plant responses were greatly affected by cultivar, whereas the effects of fertilizer type were relatively minor. ‘Triple Crown’ produced the greatest yield in both years, whereas ‘Black Diamond’ and ‘Marion’ had the lowest yield in 2011 and 2012, respectively. ‘Triple Crown’ fruit had the highest percent soluble solids and were the least firm in 2011, whereas ‘Marion’ fruit were the least firm in 2012. Harvest date, within year, affected the fruit quality variables measured in all cultivars. Most soil nutrient levels were within the recommended range for all fertilizer treatments, except for boron (B), which declined to deficient levels in the second year. Fertilizer type had no effect on soil nutrient levels other than fertilization with the fish and molasses blend product increased soil potassium and sodium. Soil nutrient levels were affected by cultivar but varied by year for many nutrients. Primocane leaf tissue nutrient concentrations were above or within recommended standards for most nutrients, except for magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), and B, which, depending on the cultivar, were below standards. Over the 2-year study, the blackberry cultivars responded similarly to the three types of organic fertilizer. However, the cost of N varied from $8.16/lb for the liquid fish and molasses blend, $5.35/lb for the pelletized soy meal, and $2.54/lb for the pelletized, processed poultry litter. Supplemental fertilization with B, Mg, and Ca would be required with each fertilizer studied to maintain recommended soil fertility levels.

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The Nitrogen Contained in Carbonized Poultry Litter is not Plant Available

Open Agriculture ◽

10.1515/opag-2018-0030 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 284-290 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Christoph Steiner ◽

Keith Harris ◽

Julia Gaskin ◽

K.C. Das

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Tissue Concentration ◽

Poultry Litter ◽

Poultry Manure ◽

Organic Amendments ◽

Linear Increase ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Mineral Fertilizers ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Pyrolysis Of Biomass

Abstract Pyrolysis of biomass, reduces its volume, mass, odour, and potential pathogens, while concentrating nutrients in the resulting biochar. However, the plant availability of nutrients in particular of nitrogen remains largely unknown. Therefore, we investigated the nutrient availability of carbonized poultry litter. A nutrient poor soil was either fertilized with poultry litter or poultry litter carbonized at 500°C at the rates of 1.5, 3 and 6 t/ha. These organic amendments were compared with corresponding rates of mineral fertilizers (NH4NO3, KCl, CaHPO4, MgSO4) in a pot experiment. After four successive harvests of ryegrass (Lolium sp.) in a greenhouse we analyzed plant nutrient uptake and nutrient concentrations in the soil. While all treatments showed a linear increase in plant growth and nitrogen uptake, the plants fertilized with carbonized poultry litter did not show such a response. The carbonized poultry litter treatment produced more biomass than the unfertilized control, but the tissue concentration of nitrogen was below that of the control. Mehlich 1 extractable nutrients in the soil showed that there is more available phosphorus, potassium, calcium and magnesium in the soil fertilized with the carbonized poultry manure, but these available nutrients were not utilized due to the nitrogen limitation to plant growth. The results clearly show that nitrogen contained in carbonized poultry litter is not available for plants

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Effects of modified clinoptilolite on phosphorus mobilisation and potassium or ammonium release in Ferrosols

Soil Research ◽

10.1071/sr05118 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 285 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Q. X. Hua ◽

J. M. Zhou ◽

H. Y. Wang ◽

C. W. Du ◽

X. Q. Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Soil Nutrient ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

P Availability ◽

Adsorption And Desorption ◽

Modified Clinoptilolite ◽

Positive Effect ◽

Phosphorus Solubility

An investigation was conducted to study effects of the potassium and ammonium saturated clinoptilolite on P availability in Ferrosols. The adsorption and desorption of phosphorus were determined by shaking 2.5 g soil with 0, 0.5, and 2.5 g clinoptilolite at 0.31 or 1.25 mg P/g soil in 50 mL solution for a total of 72 h (24 h for clinoptilolite and 48 h for phosphate). The nutrient concentrations in supernatants were measured by spectrophotometry. Results showed phosphorus solubility was significantly increased with clinoptilolite addition. Increasing the amount of clinoptilolite enhanced the concentration of P up to 6.85 and 41.29 mg/L at 0.31 and 1.25 mg P/g soil, respectively. Correspondingly, the amount of potassium and ammonium released from the clinoptilolite were up to 63.69 and 12.20 mg/L at 0.31 mg P/g soil, and 107.42 and 29.94 mg/L at 1.25 mg P/g soil. Nutrient concentrations in the treatments in which clinoptilolite was added before P were greater than that in the treatments in which P was added prior to clinoptilolite. The results also suggest that potassium and ammonium saturated clinoptilolite can increase P solubility while providing K and NH4 to the soil, a concurrent positive effect for plant growth.

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Effects of animal manure upon growth of Cerrado plants

Revista Ibero-Americana de Ciências Ambientais ◽

10.6008/cbpc2179-6858.2020.004.0007 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 81-88

Author(s):

Lucas Ferreira ◽

Mairê Butzer Viñales ◽

Lucas Lopes e Silva ◽

Luciola Santos Lannes

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Functional Groups ◽

Organic Matter Content ◽

Soil Nutrient ◽

Animal Manure ◽

Matter Content ◽

Plant Functional Groups ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Invasive Grass ◽

Invasive Grasses

Through excretion, animals return to the soil part of the nutrients they ingest. This input can be an alternative to artificial inorganic fertilization aiming at increasing soil nutrient concentrations in degraded areas that are prone to restoration. In nutrient-poor soils, the addition of animal manure can promote increases in soil fertility, but studies assessing its effects upon plant communities are meager. This study aims at checking whether the addition of manure originated from livestock promotes plant growth increase and enzyme activity in Cerrado native plants of different functional groups as a way to subsidize processes of environmental recuperation in degraded areas using organic fertilization of an easily available source, as animal manure. The experiment was conducted in a screenhouse through a completely randomized design with four manure and six species treatments with three replicates. Manure treatments used were control, cattle, sheep and goat manure. The plant species selected belonged to main Cerrado herbaceous functional groups – two naturalized grasses, two alien invasive grasses, a legume herb and a Malvaceae herb. Phosphorus and nitrogen concentrations, and N:P ratios varied according to the type of manure. Soil organic matter content, phosphorus and potassium concentrations increased upon manure addition. Different manure types promoted various effects in height, biomass and acid phosphatase activity amongst the plants. Goat and cattle manure positively influenced Urochloa decumbens, an exotic invasive grass living in the Cerrado, whereas sheep manure addition promoted increase of non-invasive grasses. These results show that animal manure can promote better nutrient conditions for plants living in degraded areas, but the selection of the manure type for application in restoration projects aiming at aiding plant growth in Cerrado degraded areas will depend on the purpose of the project because different dung types benefit different plant functional groups.

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Fungal population levels in soils of commercial swine waste disposal sites and relationships to soil nutrient concentrations

Applied Soil Ecology ◽

10.1016/j.apsoil.2007.10.013 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 38 (3) ◽

pp. 223-229 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

R.G. Pratt

Keyword(s):

Waste Disposal ◽

Soil Nutrient ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Swine Waste ◽

Fungal Population

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Nutrient Uptake, Partitioning, and Production of Two Subspecies of Brassica using Different Solution Concentrates in Floating Hydroponics Systems

Buletin Agroteknologi ◽

10.32663/ba.v1i2.1810 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 86

Author(s):

Mercy Bientri Yunindanova ◽

Subuh Pramono ◽

Muhammad Hamka Ibrahim

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Nutrient Uptake ◽

Brassica Rapa ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Block Design ◽

N Uptake ◽

Solution Concentration ◽

P Uptake ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Pak Choi

In this study, we investigated nutrient uptake, partitioning, and production of two subspecies of Brassica in response to nutrient solution concentration in floating hydroponics systems. This study used a complete randomized block design factorial with two factors. The first factor was two Brassica subspecies consisting of Brassica rapa subsp. chinensis (Pak Choi) and Brassica rapa var. parachinensis (Choy Sum). The second factor was the concentration level consisting electrical conductivity (EC) 1 mS cm-1 and EC 2 mS cm-1. The results indicated the absorption rates of nitrogen (N,) phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) in leaves, roots and stems were similar in both nutrient concentrations. In general, all combination treatments resulted more accumulation of P followed by N, also K as the smallest proportion. P was mostly accumulated at the root and leaves (19.60 to 25.90 mg g-1), while majority of N was collected in leaves ranging from 18.00 to 24.30 mg g-1. The highest K content was detected in the stem (10.70 to 14.20 mg g-1). P uptake was 1.69 to 2.47 times higher than K, while N uptake was 1.44 to 2.04 times higher than K. Both two subspecies and concentrations performed no significant effects on nutrient uptake. Although same species, the plant growth parameters of Pak Choi and Choy Sum are very different including plant height, leaves number, width and length. Both two subspecies adapted well with both concentrations. However, significant differences were recorded in the combination of subspecies and nutrient concentration on plant growth and production parameters. To achieve higher market portion, Pak Choi would be more suitable to be planted on EC 1 mS cm-1, while Choy Sum was favorable at both concentrations.

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Mechanisms inhibiting the forest development of historic charcoal hearths in southeastern Pennsylvania

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x26-213 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 26 (11) ◽

pp. 1893-1898 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Carl J. Mikan ◽

Marc D. Abrams

Keyword(s):

Growth Parameters ◽

Soil Nutrient ◽

Forest Composition ◽

Nutrient Concentrations ◽

Eastern United States ◽

Charcoal Production ◽

Growth Depression ◽

Forest Development ◽

Initial Ph ◽

Charcoal Hearths

Charcoal production associated with the iron industry had a pervasive influence on forests during the 17th and 18th centuries in the mid-Atlantic region of the eastern United States. In a recent study we reported the altered forest composition and soil properties on historic charcoal hearths in southeastern Pennsylvania. In this study, additional experimental results describe potential past and present mechanisms that may inhibit forest development. Nyssasylvatica Marsh, wood samples taken from the first 15 years of growth on hearth sites contained roughly half the amount of P and Mn and nearly double the amount of K and Na relative to wood produced on nonhearth sites in the same period, consistent with initial pH elevation following hearth abandonment in 1883. In the greenhouse, Quercusalba L. and Quercusrubra L. showed a significant growth depression in hearth soil. When the proportion of charcoal soil varied from 0 to 100%, several growth parameters of Q. rubra declined significantly with increasing charcoal soil content. In situ foliar nutrient concentrations of Vacciniumcorymbosum L. and Quercusvelutina Lam. were significantly different in P, K, Ca, Mg, Mn, Fe, Na, and Cu on hearth versus nonhearth plots. The present inhibition of hearth regeneration appears to be the result of persistent differences in soil nutrient availability after more than a century.

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Effect of rhizobacteria strains on the induction of resistance in barley genotypes against Cochliobolus sativus

Hellenic Plant Protection Journal ◽

10.2478/hppj-2020-0009 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 83-92 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

A. Adam

Keyword(s):

Plant Growth ◽

Pseudomonas Putida ◽

Growth Parameters ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Cochliobolus Sativus ◽

Resistance Level ◽

Wet Weight ◽

Number Of Leaves ◽

Barley Genotypes

SummaryEnhancement of the resistance level in plants by rhizobacteria has been proven in several pathosystems. This study investigated the ability of four rhizobacteria strains (Pseudomonas putida BTP1 and Bacillus subtilis Bs2500, Bs2504 and Bs2508) to promote the growth in three barley genotypes and protect them against Cochliobolus sativus. Our results demonstrated that all tested rhizobacteria strains had a protective effect on barley genotypes Arabi Abiad, Banteng and WI2291. However, P. putida BTP1 and B. subtilis Bs2508 strains were the most effective as they reduced disease incidence by 53 and 38% (mean effect), respectively. On the other hand, there were significant differences among the rhizobacteria-treated genotypes on plant growth parameters, such as wet weight, dry weight, plant height and number of leaves. Pseudomonas putida BTP1 strain was the most effective as it significantly increased plant growth by 15-32%. In addition, the susceptible genotypes Arabi Abiad and WI2291 were the most responsive to rhizobacteria. This means that these genotypes have a high potential for increase of their resistance against the pathogen and enhancement of plant growth after the application of rhizobacteria. Consequently, barley seed treatment with the tested rhizobacteria could be considered as an effective biocontrol method against C. sativus.

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