Plant identity and soil variables shift the colonisation and species composition of dark septate endophytes associated with medicinal plants in a northern farmland in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 167 ◽  
pp. 104042
Author(s):  
Li Han ◽  
Yiling Zuo ◽  
Xueli He ◽  
Yiting Hou ◽  
Min Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Dark Septate Endophytes ◽  
Soil Variables

Himalayan medicinal plant diversity in an ecologically complex high altitude anthropogenic landscape, Dolpo, Nepal

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
SURESH KUMAR GHIMIRE ◽  
DOYLE MCKEY ◽  
YILDIZ AUMEERUDDY-THOMAS
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Species Richness ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Medicinal Plant Species ◽  
Use Patterns

The conservation of high-altitude medicinal plants is of concern throughout the Himalayan region, because they are important for traditional health care and in large-scale collection for trade. Because little is known regarding their conservation status in relation to the diversity of land-use patterns and habitats, this paper explores patterns of species composition and diversity of medicinal plants in five different pasture types in a traditionally-managed high-altitude landscape in northwest Nepal. Environmental variables, including human activities, strongly affected species composition, diversity and cover-abundance of medicinal plant species. Species richness of rare and commercially threatened medicinal plants (CTMP) showed patterns similar to overall medicinal plant species richness. Sub-alpine meadows, which have intermediate levels of human pressure related to grazing and relatively high levels of resource availability in terms of rainfall and soil nutrients, were richer in medicinal-plant species than alpine meadows. The coexistence of various plant communities under different human management regimes also enhanced landscape-level species diversity by maintaining some species restricted to particular habitat or pasture types. A number of medicinal plant species reported to be resistant to grazing were most abundant in heavily grazed sites. This pattern suggests that medicinal plant species may be positively influenced, to a certain extent, by human activities (mainly grazing). The combination of grazing and high levels of harvesting, however, had a negative impact on diversity and cover-abundance of rare and CTMP species. Maintenance of medicinal plant diversity and cover-abundance is critically dependent on managing grazing and resource harvesting to maintain levels that are both ecologically and economically sustainable. Forage for livestock and medicinal plants for local health care cannot be managed independently; a systems approach is needed, incorporating social management to accommodate the needs of different users. This could be achieved by maintenance of a mosaic landscape, in which different use patterns and pressures, reflecting the values attached to resources by different users and favouring different types of biodiversity, co-exist.

scholarly journals Diversity of plant communities with Carex flava agg. in Poland and their relationship with soil properties

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-240
Author(s):  
Helena Więcław ◽  
Marek Podlasiński
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Plant Communities ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Calcium Carbonates ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Soil Variables ◽  
Wet Grasslands ◽  
And Cluster Analysis ◽  
Caricion Davallianae

AbstractThe Carex flava aggregate belongs to one of the most taxonomically difficult groups of sedges which colonize diverse habitats, from organic to sandy, from acidic to alkaline, usually humid and moist. The study included 129 vegetation plots and ten soil variables (organic matter, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, calcium, carbonates, carbon, nitrogen, pH, and the ratio between organic carbon and nitrogen). The main aim was to determine the relationships between the various plant communities C. flava agg. occur in and their soil properties. With the aid of the two-way indicator species analysis and cluster analysis, we delimited nine vegetation types from the Scheuchzerio palustris-Caricetea fuscae, Littorelletea uniflorae, Molinio-Arrhenatheretea and Alnetea glutinosae classes differing in their response to soil properties. The CCA revealed pH, N, K, C, CaCO3, P and Ca to be statistically significant, and to account for 11.55% of the total variance in species composition. The largest differences, both in terms of species composition and in soil conditions, were revealed between communities with C. lepidocarpa and C. demissa. Carex lepidocarpa occurred in calcareous and extremely rich fens (Caricion davallianae) whereas C. demissa was found to occur in poor and moderately rich fens (Sphagno-Caricion canescentis, Caricion canescenti-nigrae). Carex flava grew mostly in calcareous, rich fens and wet grasslands (Caricion davallianae, Calthion palustris). Carex viridula was found in both calcareous, extremely and moderately rich fens and wet grasslands, and in nutrient-poor habitats such as dunes and sandy lake shores. The ecological niche of C. viridula is very wide and this species showed no affinity to any specific syntaxon.

scholarly journals Introduction as a way towards species enrichment of medicinal dendroflora in Poltava region

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Fedko ◽  
O. Bilyk ◽  
V. Krasovskyi
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Quantitative Description ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
The Creation

The historical background of the use of medicinal plants and the creation of culture institutions are determined. The analysis of the experience of the introduction of tree species on the example of three dendrological objects in Poltava region is carried out. A quantitative description of the species composition of the drug dendroflora is given. The relevance of enrichment biodiversity through the introduction of new subtropical crops is determined.

scholarly journals Riparian vegetation structure and soil variables in Pandeiros river, Brazil

Rodriguésia ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathalle Cristine Alencar Fagundes ◽  
Marly Antonielle de Ávila ◽  
Saimo Reblleth de Souza ◽  
Islaine Franciely Pinheiro de Azevedo ◽  
Yule Roberta Ferreira Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Vegetation Structure ◽  
Riparian Vegetation ◽  
Anthropogenic Impacts ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Structural Variations ◽  
Mixed Composition ◽  
Soil Variables ◽  
Different Soils

Abstract This study analyzed the floristic, structural variations and their relationships with soil variables in two stretches of riparian vegetation in an ecotonal region between savanna and semiarid zones. We following the hypothesis of despite the proximity between the sampled areas, soil conditions are distinct and lead to changes in structure and composition of the vegetation. This study was development at EPA of Pandeiros River, Minas Gerais, where we allocated 140 plots of 10 × 10 m (100 m2), with 10 m distance between plots, in two areas of riparian vegetation, named Larga and São Domingos (70 plots in each area), where we conducted the phytosociological survey and collected soil samples. In total, 751 arboreal individuals were sampled, distributed in 89 species and 35 botanical families. The areas differed strongly in structure and species composition, and showed floristic peculiarities and influence of surrounding vegetation. Despite of low distance between the sampled areas, these are singular environments influenced by different soils, by the mixed composition of the ecotonal area and the anthropogenic impacts to which they are exposed.

scholarly journals What’s in a name? Revisiting medicinal and religious plants at an Amazonian market

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabela Pombo Geertsma ◽  
Mariana Françozo ◽  
Tinde van Andel ◽  
Mireia Alcántara Rodríguez
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Forest Degradation ◽  
Vernacular Names ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Northern Brazil ◽  
Over Time

Abstract Background In spite of an increasing number of ethnobotanical market surveys in the past decades, few studies compare changes in plant species trade over time. The open-air market Ver-o-Peso (VOP) in Belém, located near the mouth of the Amazon River in the state of Pará, Brazil, is known for its wide variety of medicinal plants. A survey of VOP was published in 1984, but it remains unknown to what extent its botanical composition changed over 34 years. Furthermore, in northern Brazil, little attention has been given to the origins of the vernacular names of these plants. Our aim is to give an up-to-date overview of the VOP medicinal plant market, concentrating on changes in species composition and vernacular names over time. Methods We collected medicinal plants and vernacular names at VOP in August 2018. We identified most plants at the Museo Paraense Emilio Goeldi Herbarium, where we also deposited vouchers and specimen labels. We compared our species composition data to the 1984 inventory by Van den Berg. Furthermore, we investigated the etymologies of the vernacular plant names. Results We recorded 155 plant specimens and 165 corresponding vernacular names, and collected 146 specimens from the medicinal and ritual stalls of VOP reporting 86 species formerly not recorded at this market. Vernacular names had mostly Portuguese roots, followed by Tupi and African ones. We found 30 species also documented in 1984, and vernacular names that overlapped between both surveys were used for the same botanical species or genus, indicating that vernacular names have changed little in the past decades. Lastly, we found 26 more introduced species sold at VOP compared to 1984. Conclusions Forest degradation and deforestation, prevalence of diseases, and methodological factors may play a role in the differences we found in our survey compared to 1984. Of the plants that did overlap between the two surveys, vernacular names of these plants were hardly different. Lastly, the lingual origins of the vernacular names in our survey and the origins of the plant species reflect the history of the intricate syncretism of medicinal plant practices of indigenous, Afro-Brazilian and European origins in Belém.

scholarly journals Distribution and damage of powdery mildew disease in cassis and raspberry in Tashkent province, Uzbekistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 284 ◽  
pp. 03017
Author(s):  
Gayrat Jumanazarov ◽  
Mirakbar Zuparov ◽  
Mukhiddin Mamiev ◽  
Abdurakhmon Allayarov
Keyword(s):  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Species Composition ◽  
Disease Control ◽  
Yield Loss ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Agronomic Practices ◽  
Powdery Mildew Disease ◽  
Powdery Mildew Pathogen

This article provides information on the species composition of the powdery mildew pathogen found in medicinal plants cassis and raspberry, as well as its distribution, development and damage to farms in the Tashkent province. The development of raspberry powdery mildew in the farms studied and the relatively low yield loss may depend on the raspberry navigation planted on the farm, the agronomic practices carried out, and the disease control measures taken. The prevalence of powdery mildew in cassis was 25.6-49.8%, development was 14.2-27.1%, yield loss was 12.0-20.0%, and the prevalence of powdery mildew in raspberry was 12.5-31.4%, development was 5.3-25.2%, and yield loss was 10.9-22.7%.

scholarly journals Plant performance of enhancing licorice with dual inoculating dark septate endophytes and Trichoderma viride mediated via effects on root development

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chao He ◽  
Wenquan Wang ◽  
Junling Hou
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Root Morphology ◽  
Root Biomass ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Dark Septate Endophytes ◽  
Root Surface Area ◽  
Root:Shoot Ratio ◽  
Phoma Herbarum ◽  
Scytalidium Lignicola

Abstract This study aimed to assess whether licorice (Glycyrrhiza uralensis) can benefit from dual inoculation by Trichoderma viride and dark septate endophytes (DSE) isolated from other medicinal plants. We investigated the influences of three DSE (Paraboeremia putaminum, Scytalidium lignicola, and Phoma herbarum) isolated from other medicinal plants on the performance of licorice at different T. viride densities (1×106, 1×107, and 1×108 CFU/mL). Three DSE strains could colonize the roots of licorice, and they established a positive symbiosis with host plants depending on DSE species and T. viride densities. Inoculation of Paraboeremia putaminum increased the root biomass, length, surface area, and root:shoot ratio. Scytalidium lignicola increased the root length, diameter and surface area and decreased the root:shoot ratio. Phoma herbarum increased the root biomass and surface area. T. viride increased the root biomass, length, and surface area. Structural equation model (SEM) analysis showed that DSE associated with T. viride augmented plant biomass and height, shoot branching, and root surface area. Variations in root morphology and biomass were attributed to differences in DSE species and T. viride density among treatments. Paraboeremia putaminum or Phoma herbarum with low- or medium T. viride density and S. lignicola with low- or high T. viride density improved licorice root morphology and biomass. Our findings support the viewpoint that non-host DSE enhanced the root growth of the host plant under different densities T. viride conditions and may also be used to promote the cultivation of medicinal plants.

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