Default Mode Network Moderates the Relationship Between Lifestyle Changes and Natural Improvements in Clinical Symptoms Over Time in Untreated Participants

2021 ◽  
Vol 89 (9) ◽  
pp. S111
Author(s):  
Bailey Holt-Gosselin ◽  
Arielle Keller ◽  
Megan Chesnut ◽  
Leanne Williams
Keyword(s):  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Lifestyle Changes ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals Investigation of Psychiatric and Neuropsychological Correlates of Default Mode Network and Dorsal Attention Network Anticorrelation in Children

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Michael Owens ◽  
Dekang Yuan ◽  
Sage Hahn ◽  
Matthew Albaugh ◽  
Nicholas Allgaier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Attention Problems ◽  
Attention Network ◽  
Neuropsychological Measures ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Dorsal Attention Network ◽  
Demographic Covariates ◽  
The Relationship

The default mode network (DMN) and dorsal attention network (DAN) demonstrate an intrinsic “anticorrelation” in healthy adults, which is thought to represent the functional segregation between internally and externally directed thought. Reduced segregation of these networks has been proposed as a mechanism for cognitive deficits that occurs in many psychiatric disorders, but this association has rarely been tested in pre-adolescent children. The current analysis used data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study to examine the relationship between the strength of DMN/DAN anticorrelation and psychiatric symptoms in the largest sample to-date of 9-10-year-old children (N = 6543). The relationship of DMN/DAN anticorrelation to a battery of neuropsychological tests was also assessed. DMN/DAN anticorrelation was robustly linked to attention problems, as well as age, sex, and socioeconomic factors. Other psychiatric correlates identified in prior reports were not robustly linked to DMN/DAN anticorrelation after controlling for demographic covariates. Among neuropsychological measures, the clearest correlates of DMN/DAN anticorrelation was the Card Sort task of executive function and cognitive flexibility and the NIH Toolbox Total Cognitive Score, although these did not survive correction for socioeconomic factors. These findings indicate a complicated relationship between DMN/DAN anticorrelation and demographics, neuropsychological function, and psychiatric problems.

scholarly journals Default Mode Network Ventral Hub Connectivity Associated with Memory Impairment in Temporal Lobe Epilepsy Surgery

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elliot G. Neal ◽  
Long Di ◽  
You Jeong Park ◽  
Austin Finch ◽  
Ferdinand Korneli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Lobe Epilepsy ◽  
Temporal Lobe ◽  
Epilepsy Surgery ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Memory Task ◽  
Network Connectivity ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractIn patients undergoing surgery for intractable temporal lobe epilepsy, the relationship between the default mode network and patients’ neurocognitive outcome remains unclear. The objective of this study is to employ non-invasive network mapping to identify the relationship between subdivisions of the default mode network and neurocognitive function before and after epilepsy surgery in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy.Twenty-seven medically patients with medically refractory temporal lobe epilepsy were prospectively enrolled and received resting state functional MRI and neuropsychological testing both pre- and post-operatively. Connectivity within the default mode network was modeled and average connectivity within the networks was calculated.Higher pre-operative connectivity in the ventral default mode network hub correlated with impaired baseline performance in a visual memory task. Post-operatively, a decrease in ventral but not dorsal default mode network connectivity was correlated with a deterioration of verbal and logical memory after surgery.Overall, higher connectivity in the ventral default mode network hub was associated with poor memory function in patients with temporal lobe epilepsy both before and after temporal lobe surgery. Pre-operatively, higher ventral connectivity was associated with worse visual function. Post-operatively, decreased connectivity of the ventral and dorsal default mode network was correlated with a greater decrease in logical and verbal memory when compared with the pre-operation baseline. An imbalance in default mode network connectivity towards the ventral stream and more widespread epilepsy networks may be used to predict memory impairments following surgical intervention and may lead to more tailored surgical decision making based on this non-invasive network modeling.

scholarly journals The relationship between alpha burst activity and the default mode network

2018 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateusz Rusiniak ◽  
Andrzej Wróbel ◽  
Katarzyna Cieśla ◽  
Agnieszka Pluta ◽  
Monika Lewandowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Burst Activity ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
The Relationship

scholarly journals Investigation of Psychiatric and Neuropsychological Correlates of Default Mode Network and Dorsal Attention Network Anticorrelation in Children

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (12) ◽  
pp. 6083-6096
Author(s):  
Max M Owens ◽  
DeKang Yuan ◽  
Sage Hahn ◽  
Matthew Albaugh ◽  
Nicholas Allgaier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Attention Problems ◽  
Attention Network ◽  
Neuropsychological Measures ◽  
Default Mode ◽  
Dorsal Attention Network ◽  
Demographic Covariates ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The default mode network (DMN) and dorsal attention network (DAN) demonstrate an intrinsic “anticorrelation” in healthy adults, which is thought to represent the functional segregation between internally and externally directed thought. Reduced segregation of these networks has been proposed as a mechanism for cognitive deficits that occurs in many psychiatric disorders, but this association has rarely been tested in pre-adolescent children. The current analysis used data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development study to examine the relationship between the strength of DMN/DAN anticorrelation and psychiatric symptoms in the largest sample to date of 9- to 10-year-old children (N = 6543). The relationship of DMN/DAN anticorrelation to a battery of neuropsychological tests was also assessed. DMN/DAN anticorrelation was robustly linked to attention problems, as well as age, sex, and socioeconomic factors. Other psychiatric correlates identified in prior reports were not robustly linked to DMN/DAN anticorrelation after controlling for demographic covariates. Among neuropsychological measures, the clearest correlates of DMN/DAN anticorrelation were the Card Sort task of executive function and cognitive flexibility and the NIH Toolbox Total Cognitive Score, although these did not survive correction for socioeconomic factors. These findings indicate a complicated relationship between DMN/DAN anticorrelation and demographics, neuropsychological function, and psychiatric problems.

scholarly journals Default mode network connectivity in patients with idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus

2016 ◽  
Vol 124 (2) ◽  
pp. 350-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Ming Khoo ◽  
Haruhiko Kishima ◽  
Naoki Tani ◽  
Satoru Oshino ◽  
Tomoyuki Maruo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus ◽  
Default Mode Network ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Normal Pressure ◽  
Idiopathic Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus ◽  
Urinary Continence ◽  
Resting State Functional Connectivity ◽  
Default Mode

OBJECT Idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH) is a neurological disorder characterized by gait disturbance, cognitive impairment, and incontinence. It is unclear whether the pathophysiology of iNPH is associated with alterations in the default mode network (DMN). The authors investigated alterations in the DMN of patients with iNPH and sought to determine whether a relationship exists between the resting-state functional connectivity of the DMN and a patient’s clinical symptoms. METHODS Resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) was performed in 16 preoperative patients with iNPH and 15 neurologically healthy control subjects of a similar age. Independent component and dual-regression analyses were used to quantify DMN connectivity. The patients’ clinical symptoms were rated according to the iNPH grading scale (iNPHGS). Each of their specific clinical symptoms were rated according to the cognitive, gait, and urinary continence domains of iNPHGS, and neurocognitive status was assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination, Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), and Trail Making Test Part A. The strength of DMN connectivity was compared between patients and controls, and the correlation between DMN connectivity and iNPHGS was examined using both region of interest (ROI)-based analysis and voxel-based analysis. The correlation between DMN connectivity and each of the specific clinical symptoms, as well as neurocognitive status, was examined using voxel-based analysis. RESULTS Both ROI-based and voxel-based analyses revealed reduced DMN connectivity in patients with iNPH. ROI-based analysis showed increased DMN connectivity with worsening clinical symptoms of iNPH. Consistently, voxel-based analyses revealed that DMN connectivity correlated positively with the iNPHGS score, as well as the cognitive and urinary continence domain scores, and negatively with the FAB score. The significant peak in correlation in each case was localized to the precuneus. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to establish alterations in the DMN of patients with iNPH. DMN connectivity may be a useful indicator of the severity of clinical symptoms in patients with iNPH.

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