Enhanced production of ganoderic acids in static liquid culture of Ganoderma lucidum under nitrogen-limiting conditions

2011 ◽  
Vol 102 (17) ◽  
pp. 8185-8190 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Zhao ◽  
Jun-Wei Xu ◽  
Jian-Jiang Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Ganoderic Acids ◽  
Enhanced Production

scholarly journals Enhanced Ganoderic Acids Accumulation and Transcriptional Responses of Biosynthetic Genes in Ganoderma lucidum Fruiting Bodies by Elicitation Supplementation

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 2830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Meng ◽  
Xiaoran Bai ◽  
Shaoyan Zhang ◽  
Mengfei Zhang ◽  
Sen Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Sodium Acetate ◽  
Gas Content ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Transcriptional Responses ◽  
Biosynthetic Genes ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Ganoderic Acids ◽  
Enhanced Production ◽  
Calcineurin Signaling

Ganoderic acids (GAs) are a type of highly oxygenated lanostane-type triterpenoids that are responsible for the pharmacological activities of Ganoderma lucidum. They have been investigated for their biological activities, including antibacterial, antiviral, antitumor, anti-HIV-1, antioxidation, and cholesterol reduction functions. Inducer supplementation is viewed as a promising technology for the production of GAs. This study found that supplementation with sodium acetate (4 mM) significantly increased the GAs content of fruiting bodies by 28.63% compared to the control. In order to explore the mechanism of ganoderic acid accumulation, the transcriptional responses of key GAs biosynthetic genes, including the acetyl coenzyme A synthase gene, and the expression levels of genes involved in calcineurin signaling and acetyl-CoA content have been analyzed. The results showed that the expression of three key GAs biosynthetic genes (hmgs, fps, and sqs) were significantly up-regulated. Analysis indicated that the acetate ion increased the expression of genes related to acetic acid assimilation and increased GAs biosynthesis, thereby resulting in the accumulation of GAs. Further investigation of the expression levels of genes involved in calcineurin signaling revealed that Na+ supplementation and the consequent exchange of Na+/Ca2+ induced GAs biosynthesis. Overall, this study indicates a feasible new approach of utilizing sodium acetate elicitation for the enhanced production of valuable GAs content in G. lucidum, and also provided the primary mechanism of GAs accumulation.

scholarly journals Postharvest Drying Techniques Regulate Secondary Metabolites and Anti-Neuroinflammatory Activities of Ganoderma lucidum

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (15) ◽  
pp. 4484
Author(s):  
Nooruddin-bin Sadiq ◽  
Da-Hye Ryu ◽  
Jwa-Yeong Cho ◽  
A-Hyeon Lee ◽  
Dae-Geun Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Map Kinase ◽  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Citrate Synthase ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle ◽  
Fructose Bisphosphate ◽  
Primary Metabolite ◽  
Ganoderic Acids ◽  
Bv2 Cells ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Bv2 Microglia

Ganoderma lucidum extract is a potent traditional remedy for curing various ailments. Drying is the most important postharvest step during the processing of Ganoderma lucidum. The drying process mainly involves heat (36 h at 60 °C) and freeze-drying (36 h at −80 °C). We investigated the effects of different postharvest drying protocols on the metabolites profiling of Ganoderma lucidum using GC-MS, followed by an investigation of the anti-neuroinflammatory potential in LPS-treated BV2 microglial cells. A total of 109 primary metabolites were detected from heat and freeze-dried samples. Primary metabolite profiling showed higher levels of amino acids (17.4%) and monosaccharides (8.8%) in the heat-dried extracts, whereas high levels of organic acids (64.1%) were present in the freeze-dried samples. The enzymatic activity, such as ATP-citrate synthase, pyruvate kinase, glyceraldehyde-3-phosphatase dehydrogenase, glutamine synthase, fructose-bisphosphate aldolase, and D-3-phosphoglycerate dehydrogenase, related to the reverse tricarboxylic acid cycle were significantly high in the heat-dried samples. We also observed a decreased phosphorylation level of the MAP kinase (Erk1/2, p38, and JNK) and NF-κB subunit p65 in the heat-dried samples of the BV2 microglia cells. The current study suggests that heat drying improves the production of ganoderic acids by the upregulation of TCA-related pathways, which, in turn, gives a significant reduction in the inflammatory response of LPS-induced BV2 cells. This may be attributed to the inhibition of NF-κB and MAP kinase signaling pathways in cells treated with heat-dried extracts.

scholarly journals Optimization of Culture Condition for Ganoderic Acid Production in Ganoderma lucidum Liquid Static Culture and Design of a Suitable Bioreactor

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 2563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaosheng Hu ◽  
Manhuayun Zhai ◽  
Rong Niu ◽  
Xiaoqiang Xu ◽  
Qian Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Gas Content ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Ganoderic Acid ◽  
Static Culture ◽  
Air Supply ◽  
Liquid Static Culture

Ganoderma lucidum, a famous medicinal mushroom used worldwide, is a rich source of triterpenoids which, together with polysaccharides, are believed to be the main effective constituents of G. lucidum. With the increase of market demand, the wild resource is facing serious limitations, and the quality of cultivated fruiting bodies can be seriously affected by the availability of wood resources and by cultivation management practices. In the present study, we aimed to develop an alternative way to produce useful triterpenoids from G. lucidum. We cultured the strain using a two-stage liquid culture strategy and investigated the effects of nitrogen limitation, carbon supply, static culture volume and air supply in the static culture stage on the accumulation of five triterpenoids (GA-P, GA-Q, GA-T, GA-S, GA-R). Our results showed that, under optimized condition, the total yield of the five triterpenoids reached 963 mg/L (as determined by HPLC). Among the five triterpenoids, GA-T accounted for about 75% of the total yield. Besides, a bioreactor suitable for fungal liquid static culture with a 10 L extensible plastic bag shaped culture unit was designed and in which the maximum total yield of the five GAs reached 856.8 mg/L, and the GAs content reached 5.99%. Our results demonstrate the potential of industrial application of G. lucidum culture for the production of triterpenoids, especially GA-T. Air supply significantly improved the accumulation of triterpenoids, and this will provide important clues to understand why more triterpenoids are produced in the mycelia mat under static liquid culture conditions.

scholarly journals Effect of Agitation, Aeration and Scale-up on Mycelial Morphology During Liquid Culture of Ganoderma lucidum

KSBB Journal ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 357-364
Author(s):  
Hak-Su Lee ◽  
Ki-Young Lee ◽  
Sang-Yun Choi ◽  
Shin-Young Lee
Keyword(s):  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Mycelial Morphology

Enhanced production of Fumigaclavine C in liquid culture of Aspergillus fumigatus under a two-stage process

2014 ◽  
Vol 152 ◽  
pp. 162-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi-Xiang Zhu ◽  
Ling-Yun Yao ◽  
Rui-Hua Jiao ◽  
Yan-Hua Lu ◽  
Ren-Xiang Tan
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Fumigatus ◽  
Liquid Culture ◽  
Two Stage ◽  
Enhanced Production ◽  
Stage Process

scholarly journals Improved ganoderic acids production in Ganoderma lucidum by wood decaying components

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yanru Hu ◽  
Shakeel Ahmed ◽  
Jiawei Li ◽  
Biaobiao Luo ◽  
Zengyan Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Ganoderic Acids

scholarly journals Enhancement of Ganoderic Acid Accumulation by Overexpression of an N-Terminally Truncated 3-Hydroxy-3-Methylglutaryl Coenzyme A Reductase Gene in the Basidiomycete Ganoderma lucidum

2012 ◽  
Vol 78 (22) ◽  
pp. 7968-7976 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun-Wei Xu ◽  
Yi-Ning Xu ◽  
Jian-Jiang Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Coenzyme A ◽  
Catalytic Domain ◽  
Selection Marker ◽  
Transformation System ◽  
Protein Subunit ◽  
Ganoderic Acid ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ganoderic Acids ◽  
Coenzyme A Reductase

ABSTRACTGanoderic acids produced byGanoderma lucidum, a well-known traditional Chinese medicinal mushroom, exhibit antitumor and antimetastasis activities. Genetic modification ofG. lucidumis difficult but critical for the enhancement of cellular accumulation of ganoderic acids. In this study, a homologous genetic transformation system forG. lucidumwas developed for the first time using mutatedsdhB, encoding the iron-sulfur protein subunit of succinate dehydrogenase, as a selection marker. The truncatedG. lucidumgene encoding the catalytic domain of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (HMGR) was overexpressed by using theAgrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation system. The results showed that the mutatedsdhBsuccessfully conferred carboxin resistance upon transformation. Most of the integrated transfer DNA (T-DNA) appeared as a single copy in the genome. Moreover, deregulated constitutive overexpression of the HMGR gene led to a 2-fold increase in ganoderic acid content. It also increased the accumulation of intermediates (squalene and lanosterol) and the upregulation of downstream genes such as those of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase, squalene synthase, and lanosterol synthase. This study demonstrates that transgenic basidiomyceteG. lucidumis a promising system to achieve metabolic engineering of the ganoderic acid pathway.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document