Multi-faceted influences of biochar addition on swine manure digestion under tetracycline antibiotic pressure

Swine manure mono-digestion results in relatively low methane productivity due to the low degradation rate of its solid fraction (manure fibers), and due to the high ammonia and water content. The aqueous ammonia soaking (AAS) pretreatment of manure fibers has been proposed for overcoming these limitations. In this study, continuous anaerobic digestion (AD) of manure mixed with optimally AAS-treated manure fibers was compared to the AD of manure mixed with untreated manure fibers. Due to lab-scale pumping restrictions, the ratio of AAS-optimally treated manure fibers to manure was only 1/3 on a total solids (TS) basis. However, the biogas productivity and methane yield were improved by 17% and 38%, respectively, also confirming the predictions from a simplified 1st order hydrolysis model based on batch experiments. Furthermore, an improved reduction efficiency of major organic components was observed for the digester processing AAS-treated manure fibers compared to the non-treated one (e.g., 42% increased reduction for cellulose fraction). A preliminary techno-economic analysis of the proposed process showed that mixing raw manure with AAS manure fibers in large-scale digesters could result in a 72% increase of revenue compared to the AD of manure mixed with untreated fibers and 135% increase compared to that of solely manure.

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Exposure Assessment of Airborne Bacteria Emitted from Swine Manure Composting Plant

Processes ◽

10.3390/pr9081283 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (8) ◽

pp. 1283

Author(s):

Ki-Youn Kim

Keyword(s):

Relative Humidity ◽

Environmental Factors ◽

Swine Manure ◽

Airborne Bacteria ◽

Particulate Matters ◽

Distribution Characteristics ◽

E Coli ◽

Enterococcus Spp ◽

Staphylococcus Spp ◽

Rotary Type

This study was performed to investigate the distribution characteristics of airborne bacteria emitted from swine manure composting plants. The types of swine manure composting plants selected for the survey in this study were as follows: screw type, rotary type, and natural dry type. Mean levels of airborne bacteria in swine manure composting plants were 7428 (±1024) CFU m−3 for the screw type, 3246 (±1407) CFU m−3 for the rotary type, and 5232 (±1217) CFU m−3 for the natural dry type, respectively. Based on the results obtained from this study, the swine manure composting plant operated by screw type showed the highest concentration of airborne bacteria, followed by the natural dry type and rotary type. The monthly concentration of airborne bacteria was the highest in August and the lowest in November, regardless of the type of swine manure composting plant. The respirable size of airborne bacteria accounted for about 50% of the total. The ratio of respirable to the total quantity of airborne bacteria was 50%. The correlation relationships between airborne bacteria and environmental factors (temperature, relative humidity, particulate matters, and odor) were not found to be significant in the swine manure composting plants. The predominant genera of airborne bacteria identified were Micrococcus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Escherichia(E-coli) spp., Enterococcus spp., and Enterobacteriaceae spp.

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Dairy and swine manure management – Challenges and perspectives for sustainable treatment technology

The Science of The Total Environment ◽

10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.146319 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 778 ◽

pp. 146319

Author(s):

Vempalli Sudharsan Varma ◽

Ranjan Parajuli ◽

Erin Scott ◽

Tim Canter ◽

Teng Teeh Lim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Swine Manure ◽

Manure Management ◽

Treatment Technology ◽

Sustainable Treatment

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Determination of veterinary pharmaceutical runoffs from a swine manure pile using LC–MS/MS

Applied Biological Chemistry ◽

10.1186/s13765-020-00559-1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 63 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Min-Kyu Park ◽

Joo-Yeon Oh ◽

Sung-Eun Lee ◽

Sung-Deuk Choi

Keyword(s):

Soil Sample ◽

Ph Value ◽

Swine Manure ◽

Positive Control ◽

Control Site ◽

Detection Level ◽

Sample Site ◽

Soils And Sediments ◽

Quantitative Analyses ◽

Contamination Routes

Abstract The mass usage of veterinary pharmaceuticals in farms has contributed to environmental pollution in vicinity waters, soils, and sediments from farms and composting facilities. In the present study, we investigated the usage of four antibiotics (viz., lincomycin, sulfamethazine, sulfamethoxazole, and trimethoprim) to understand their contamination routes from livestock manure piles. Residual levels of these antibiotics in a nearby reservoir were set as a positive control (Site 1), and a swine manure pile in a farm (Site 2) and a soil sample around the manure pile (Site 3) were selected for this study. Artificial rainwater was flowed into the manure sample (Site 2), the soil sample around the manure pile (Site 3), and a soil sample around the vicinity river (Site 4). A stream sample (Site 5) around the manure pile and river water near the manure pile (Site 6) were also collected. For qualitative and quantitative analyses, analytical validation was performed, and all the four antibiotics were detected at Site 1 in the concentration range of 0.03–1.6 µg/L. Lincomycin was the antibiotic with the highest detection level. At Site 2, the detection level of all antibiotics remained at 0.3–17.3 µg/L, and their residual amounts were continuously detected in subsequent samples with approximately 30-fold decrease. The migration of antibiotics was confirmed to be independent of pH value. Therefore, this study indicates that farm manure pile should be thoroughly managed for antibiotic contamination in vicinity areas with periodical monitoring, especially waterways.

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