Sensitivity analysis of mechanistic models for estimating ammonia emission from dairy cow urine puddles

2014 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 12-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis J.W. Snoek ◽  
Johannes D. Stigter ◽  
Nico W.M. Ogink ◽  
Peter W.G. Groot Koerkamp
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Ammonia Emission ◽  
Mechanistic Models ◽  
Cow Urine

Sensitivity Analysis of a Mechanistic Model for the Ammonia Emission of Dairy Cow Houses

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dennis J.W Snoek ◽  
Nico W.M Ogink ◽  
Hans Stigter ◽  
Peter W.G Groot Koerkamp
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Mechanistic Model ◽  
Ammonia Emission

scholarly journals Milk urea concentration as an indicator of ammonia emission from dairy cow barn under restricted grazing

2011 ◽  
Vol 94 (1) ◽  
pp. 321-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. van Duinkerken ◽  
M.C.J. Smits ◽  
G. André ◽  
L.B.J. Šebek ◽  
J. Dijkstra
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Urea Concentration ◽  
Ammonia Emission ◽  
Milk Urea

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT NEW BEDDING MATERIALS ON AMMONIA EMISSION FROM DAIRY COW SLURRY

AGROFOR ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maarit HELLSTEDT ◽  
Hannu E.S. HAAPALA
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Renewable Resource ◽  
Ammonia Emission ◽  
Ammonia Emissions ◽  
Emission Rates ◽  
Canary Grass ◽  
Bedding Materials ◽  
By Products ◽  
Cow Slurry

Agriculture is the most significant source of Ammonia emission that causes e.g. loss of Nitrogen from agricultural systems. Manure is the main source of Ammonia emissions and causes losses in the nutrient cycles of agriculture as well as local odour nuisance. By using different bedding materials, it is possible to reduce both the Ammonia emissions and to improve the cycling of nutrient. Peat is known as an effective litter material but its use as a virtually non-renewable resource is questionable. Therefore, we need to find new bedding materials to replace peat. In this study, the effect of ten different industrial by-products, reeds and stalks to reduce Ammonia emissions was tested in laboratory in January 2020. Dairy cow slurry and bedding materials were mixed in a volume ratio of 4:1. The Ammonia emission was measured for two weeks once or twice a day. Measurements were performed with a photoacoustic method. The results show that all tested materials reduce the Ammonia emission from the cow slurry used. Interesting new materials to substitute peat are zero fiber and briquetted textile waste. Wheat bran, pellets made of reed canary grass and chopped bulrush had the best effect which is at the same level as that of peat. However, no statistically significant differences between the calculated emission rates were found.

Sources of nitrous oxide from 15N-labelled animal urine and urea fertiliser with and without a nitrification inhibitor, dicyandiamide (DCD)

Soil Research ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 76 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. J. Di ◽  
K. C. Cameron
Keyword(s):  
Nitrous Oxide ◽  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Priming Effect ◽  
Nitrification Inhibitor ◽  
Major Effect ◽  
N2o Emissions ◽  
Soil N ◽  
Cow Urine ◽  
Nitrification And Denitrification ◽  
N Pool

A field lysimeter study was conducted to determine the sources of N2O emitted following the application of dairy cow urine and urea fertiliser labelled with 15N, with and without a nitrification inhibitor, dicyandiamide (DCD). The results show that the application of cow urine at 1000 kg N/ha significantly increased N2O emissions above that from urea applied alone at 25 kg N/ha. The application of urine seemed to have a priming effect, increasing N2O emissions from the soil N pool. Treating the soil with DCD significantly (P < 0.05) decreased N2O emissions from the urine-applied treatment by 72%. The percentage of N2O-N derived from the applied N was 53.1% in the urine-applied treatment and this was reduced to 29.9% when DCD was applied. On average, about 43% of the N2O emitted in the urine-applied treatments was from nitrification. The application of DCD did not have a major effect on the relative contributions of nitrification and denitrification to N2O emissions in the urine treatments. This indicates that the DCD nitrification inhibitor decreased the contributions to N2O emissions from both nitrification and denitrification.

scholarly journals Ammonia emission from dairy cow buildings: a review of measurement techniques, influencing factors and possibilities for reduction

1998 ◽  
pp. 225-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.J. Monteny ◽  
J.W. Erisman
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Ammonia Emission ◽  
Feeding Strategies ◽  
Housing Type ◽  
Emission Data ◽  
Single Measure ◽  
Housing Systems ◽  
Nh3 Emission ◽  
Good Potential

This study aimed to make an analytical inventory of ammonia emission data of dairy housing systems and to assess possibilities for reduction, based upon the analysis of processes and factors involved in the production and volatilization of ammonia. Mass balance methods for the determination of air exchange rates for naturally ventilated dairy cow buildings that are based upon natural or introduced tracers may have good potential for application in emission studies. Differences occur in housing systems, floor types and manure collection and manure storage systems. Ammonia emission levels for cubicle (loose) houses are higher (20-45 g/day/cow) than for tie stalls (5-27 g/day/cow), and variation in emissions by housing type is large. Integration of knowledge of ammonia emission related processes and factors will support a more detailed analysis of differences and variation, and will allow optimization of possibilities for emission reduction. Substantial emission reductions of up to 50% for cubicle houses with slatted floors can be achieved through each of the following measures: flushing of floors with water or diluted formaldehyde, optimised feeding strategies, and slurry acidification. Highest reductions are possible through V-shaped, solid floors (52%) as a single measure, or in combination with flushing with water (65%) or diluted formaldehyde (80%). Providing that drawbacks are solved, nationwide introduction of one or more these measures will lead to a maximal reduction of the NH3 emission in the Netherlands to 18 kt per year.

scholarly journals التغيرات المناخية والميزة النسبية في قطاع الثروة الحيوانية في مصر

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-170
Author(s):  
خيرية عبدالفتاح عبدالعزيز خيرية عبدالفتاح عبدالعزيز
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Dairy Cow

استهدفت هذه الدراسة قياس آثرالتغيرات المناخية على الميزة النسبية لقطاع الإنتاج الحيوانى في مصر.ولقد توصلت الدراسة إلى أن مصر تتمتع بمزايا نسبية فى إنتاج لحوم الدواجن والبيض والأسماك والألبان لكنها لا تتمتع بميزة نسبية فى إنتاج مزارع تسمين العجول(البقر والجاموس) بسبب أن معظم المدخلات فى هذا القطاع وأهمها الأعلاف ـ مستوردة. وقد تبين أن الأبقار الأجنبية exotic Cow تتمتع بأعلى ميزة نسبية في إنتاج الألبان ، كما تتمتع أبقار الألبان البلدي native dairy Cow في نظم الانتاج التقليدية بميزه نسبية نتيجة لأن المنتجات الأخرى غير الالبان non-milk returns 45% من إجمالي العائد بسبب أن الأعلاف غير التقليدية الرخيصة تمثل المصدر الرئيسي للمنتجين . وفيما يتعلق بالإنتاج الداجن، فقد أظهرت الدراسة أن المزارع كبيرة السعة تتمتع بميزة نسبية أعلى من نظيرتها صغيرة السعة . وقد أظهرت الدراسة أيضا أن أكثر نظم الإنتاج تنافسية هي مزارع الدواجن كبيرة السعة ومزارع انتاج الألبان من الأبقار الأجنبية ، حيث قدر مؤشرتكلفة الموارد المحلية DRC بنحو0.23 و0.25 على الترتيب ، ويعزي ذلك بشكل رئيسي إلى أن أسعار المساواه لكل من البيض والألبان تكون غالبا ضعف أسعارها المحلية . كما اظهرت الدراسة أن مزارع إنتاج الأسماك تتمتع أيضا بميزة نسبية عالية إلى حد ما ، ويعزي ذلك الى ارتفاع معامل تحويل الغذاء في هذه المزارع. وبتطبيق تحليل الحساسية sensitivity analysis من خلال ثلاثة سيناريوهات أظهرت الدراسة أن إرتفاع تكلفة الوقود (السيناريو الاول) بسبب التغيرات المناخية المتوقعة سوف تؤدي الى انخفاض المزايا النسبية في النظم الانتاجية ، المختلفة بنسب تتراوح 0.10%( مزارع إنتاج الألبان من الأبقار الأجنبية ) و 43.8% ( مزارع انتاج البدارى ذات السعات الصغيرة ). كما اظهرت الدراسة ان ارتفاع تكلفة الاعلاف (السيناريو الثاني) سوف تؤدي الى انخفاض المزايا النسبية في النظم الإنتاجية المختلفة بنسب تتراوح بين 2.5% ( مزارع تسمين الجاموس ) الى 33.7% ( مزارع انتاج البداري ذات السعات الصغيرة). واخيرا اظهرت الدراسة ان تحسين الانتاجية ( السيناريو الثالث ) سوف تؤدي إلى إرتفاع الميزة النسبية في النظم الإنتاجية المختلفة بنسب مختلفة تتراوح بين %5.5 ( مزارع إنتاج الإسماك ) و % 21.4 ( مزارع إنتاج البدارى ذات السعات الصغيرة ) وذلك فيما عدا تسمين عجول الجاموس ، حيث أظهرت الدراسة أن مصر مازالت لا تتمتع فيها بميزة نسبية حتى فى ظل افتراض تحسين مستوى الإنتاجية .

Ammonia emission from dairy cow manure stored in a lagoon over summer

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (4) ◽  
pp. 611-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
S M McGinn ◽  
T. Coates ◽  
T K Flesch ◽  
B. Crenna
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cow ◽  
Dispersion Model ◽  
Sonic Anemometer ◽  
Stochastic Approach ◽  
Dairy Manure ◽  
Ammonia Emission ◽  
Ammonia Emissions ◽  
N Pollution ◽  
Significant Pathway ◽  
Dairy Cow Manure

It is recognized that volatilized ammonia (NH3) from intensive livestock production can be a significant pathway for nitrogen (N) pollution to land and water, and can contribute to poor air quality. The objectives of our study were to document NH3 emissions from a dairy lagoon and to assess the influence of meteorology on NH3 emissions. Ammonia emissions were determined using a backward Lagrangian Stochastic approach using WindTrax software, an open-path NH3 laser and a sonic anemometer. Results indicate that an average 5.1 ± 1.6 g NH3 m-2 d-1 was released over the summer; however, the emission varied typically over 24 h between 3.6 and 8.6 g NH3 m-2 d-1. Wind speed and surface temperature of the lagoon had similar influences on the magnitude of the release, where their direct impact on NH3 emission accounted for 28 and 31% of the variability, respectively. The main implication of this study is that NH3 losses are significant from dairy lagoons, contributing to the issue of N pollution. As well, NH3 emissions are a loss of valuable N for manure used as fertilizer, which in our study amounted to approximately 13% of the total ammoniacal N content of the manure in the lagoon. Key words: Ammonia, dairy, manure, cattle, dispersion model

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