Organic matter and total nitrogen removal from wastewater using a pilot-scale membrane-aerated biofilm reactor

In this study, a municipal lagoon with high wintertime effluent total ammonia nitrogen (TAN) concentrations was upgraded with a pilot-scale NIT-NIT-DENIT moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) treatment train to characterize its effluent over wintertime operation, investigate the feasibility of upgrading lagoons to achieve substantial biological total nitrogen removal across ultra-low temperatures (0.6 – 3.0°C) and investigate nitrification inhibition pathways in facultative lagoon systems at ultra-low temperatures. Throughout the study, it was observed that the system substantially reduced total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) effluent concentrations by an average of 69.0 ± 24.5% and 74.7 ± 20.1%, respectively, with average TN and TP concentrations exiting the treatment train of 7.60 ± 5.60 mg-N/L and 0.05 ± 0.02 mg-P/L, respectively, indicating the feasibility of upgrading municipal lagoons to meet increasing stringent effluent standards to ensure the perenniality of water resources. Furthermore, it was observed that sulfide toxicity may play an important role in the inhibition of nitrifying organisms in lagoons.

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Nitrification and denitrification in partially aerated biological aerated filter (BAF) with dual size sand media

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2007.025 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 55 (1-2) ◽

pp. 9-17 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

J.H. Ha ◽

S.K. Ong

Keyword(s):

Total Nitrogen ◽

Nitrogen Removal ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Biological Aerated Filter ◽

Loading Rates ◽

Oxic Zone ◽

Nitrogen Concentrations ◽

Total Nitrogen Removal ◽

Aerated Filter ◽

Anoxic Zones

A 104-mm (4-inch) diameter pilot-scale biological aerated filter (BAF) with a media depth of 2.5 m (8.3 feet) was operated with an anaerobic, anoxic and oxic zone at a temperature of 23°C. The medium for the anaerobic and anoxic zones was 10 mm diameter sand while the medium for the oxic zone was 5 mm diameter sand. The influent sCOD and total nitrogen concentrations in the feedwater were approximately 250 mg/L and 35 mg N/L, respectively. sCOD removal at optimum hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 3 h with recirculation rates of 100, 200 and 300% in the column was above 96%. Nitrification was found to be more than 96% for 3 h HRT at 200 and 300% recirculation. Total nitrogen removal was consistent at more than 80% for 4 and 6 h HRT at 300% recirculation. For 3 h HRT and 300% recirculation, total nitrogen removal was approximately 79%. The ammonia loading rates for maximum ammonia removed were 0.15 and 0.19 kg NH3-N/m3-day for 100 and 200% recirculation, respectively. The experimental results demonstrated that the BAF can be operated at an HRT of 3 h with 200–300% recirculation rates with more than 96% removal of sCOD and ammonia and at least 75% removal of total nitrogen.

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Treatment performance, nitrous oxide production and microbial community under low-ammonium wastewater in a CANON process

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2017.517 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 76 (12) ◽

pp. 3468-3477 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Weixing Mi ◽

Jianqiang Zhao ◽

Xiaoqian Ding ◽

Guanghuan Ge ◽

Rixiang Zhao

Keyword(s):

Nitrous Oxide ◽

Total Nitrogen ◽

Nitrogen Removal ◽

Ammonia Oxidation ◽

Removal Rate ◽

Biofilm Reactor ◽

Ammonium Concentration ◽

Nitrous Oxide Production ◽

Total Nitrogen Removal ◽

Canon Process

Abstract To investigate the characteristics of anaerobic ammonia oxidation for treating low-ammonium wastewater, a continuous-flow completely autotrophic nitrogen removal over nitrite (CANON) biofilm reactor was studied. At a temperature of 32 ± 1 °C and a pH between 7.5 and 8.2, two operational experiments were performed: the first one fixed the hydraulic retention time (HRT) at 10 h and gradually reduced the influent ammonium concentrations from 210 to 50 mg L−1; the second one fixed the influent ammonium concentration at 30 mg L−1 and gradually decreased the HRT from 10 to 3 h. The results revealed that the total nitrogen removal efficiency exceeded 80%, with a corresponding total nitrogen removal rate of 0.26 ± 0.01 kg N m−3 d−1 at the final low ammonium concentration of 30 mg L−1. Small amounts of nitrous oxide (N2O) up to 0.015 ± 0.004 kg m−3 d−1 at the ammonium concentration of 210 mg L−1 were produced in the CANON process and decreased with the decrease in the influent ammonium loads. High-throughput pyrosequencing analysis indicated that the dominant functional bacteria ‘Candidatus Kuenenia’ under high influent ammonium levels were gradually succeeded by Armatimonadetes_gp5 under low influent ammonium levels.

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Nitrogen removal via a single-stage PN–Anammox process in a novel combined biofilm reactor

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.2017.572 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 77 (6) ◽

pp. 1483-1492 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Yue-mei Han ◽

Feng-xia Liu ◽

Xiao-fei Xu ◽

Zhuo Yan ◽

Zhi-jun Liu

Keyword(s):

Total Nitrogen ◽

Nitrogen Removal ◽

Ammonia Oxidation ◽

Biofilm Reactor ◽

Nitrifying Bacteria ◽

Anammox Bacteria ◽

Ammonia Oxidizing Bacteria ◽

High Ammonia ◽

Total Nitrogen Removal ◽

Anammox Process

Abstract This study developed a partial nitrification (PN) and anaerobic ammonia oxidation (Anammox) process for treating high-ammonia wastewater using an innovative biofilm system in which ammonia oxidizing bacteria grew on fluidized Kaldnes (K1) carriers and Anammox bacteria grew on fixed acryl resin carriers. The airlift loop biofilm reactor (ALBR) was stably operated for more than 4 months under the following conditions: 35 ± 2 °C, pH 7.5–8.0 and dissolved oxygen (DO) of 0.5–3.5 mg/L. The results showed that the total nitrogen removal efficiency reached a maximum of 75% and the total nitrogen removal loading rate was above 0.4 kg/(d·m3). DO was the most efficient control parameter in the mixed biofilm system, and values below 1.5 mg/L were observed in the riser zone for the PN reaction, while values below 0.8 mg/L were observed in the downer zone for the Anammox reaction. Scanning electron microscopy and Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization images showed that most of the nitrifying bacteria were distributed on the K1 carriers and most of the Anammox bacteria were distributed within the acryl resin carriers. Therefore, the results indicate that the proposed combined biofilm system is easy to operate and efficient for the treatment of high-ammonia wastewater.

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Intermittent Aeration for Nitrogen Removal in Small Aerated Lagoon

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1993.0251 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 28 (10) ◽

pp. 335-341 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

S. Koottatep ◽

C. Leesanga ◽

H. Araki

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Total Nitrogen ◽

Nitrogen Removal ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Domestic Wastewater ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Intermittent Aeration ◽

Treatment Processes ◽

Total Nitrogen Removal ◽

Save Energy

Intermittent aeration has been proved to be an efficient method in nitrogen removal in many biological treatment processes. Aerated lagoon has been used as domestic wastewater treatment for a small housing estates in Thailand for quite sometime. The purpose of this study is to determine whether intermittent aeration of aerated lagoon could provide efficient nitrogen removal in domestic wastewater. The experiment was carried out using pilot scale aerated lagoon at Chiangmai University. The result showed that 45% of total nitrogen removal could be achieved by aeration and non-aeration of 12 hours each cycle. The intermittent aeration did not affect organic substances removal of the process. Sludge recycle during non-aeration period may improve total nitrogen removal. The method could be introduced to save energy of small wastewater treatment plant.

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Novel mathematical modeling on pilot-scale of plug-flow aerated submerged biofilm reactor for dissolved organic matter and nitrogen removal

Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering ◽

10.1007/s12257-012-0510-7 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 18 (5) ◽

pp. 989-999

Author(s):

Youngrip Han ◽

Kraig Johnson ◽

Donald Hayes ◽

Hua Xu ◽

Youngik Choi

Keyword(s):

Mathematical Modeling ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Dissolved Organic Matter ◽

Nitrogen Removal ◽

Plug Flow ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Biofilm Reactor

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Single-Stage Biofilm-Based Total Nitrogen Removal in a Membrane Aerated Biofilm Reactor: Impact of Aeration Mode, HRT and Scouring Intensity

10.21203/rs.3.rs-400202/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sadaf mehrabi ◽

Dwight Houweling ◽

Martha Dagnew

Keyword(s):

Total Nitrogen ◽

Nitrogen Removal ◽

Continuous Process ◽

High Energy ◽

Denitrifying Bacteria ◽

Ammonia Removal ◽

Biofilm Reactor ◽

Single Stage ◽

Total Nitrogen Removal ◽

The Impact

Abstract High energy costs, organic carbon availability, and space limitation are some of the barriers faced by wastewater treatment processes. This research investigates the impact of membrane aeration mode, scouring intensity, and loading rate in a single-stage total nitrogen removal process in a membrane aerated biofilm reactor (MABR). Under ammonia loading of 2.7 g N/m2.d, continuous process aeration led to 1.7 g NH4-N/m2.d and 0.8 g TN/m2.d removal, respectively. Conversely, intermittent (5/12 min on/off) aeration resulted in 35% less ammonia removal but 34% higher total nitrogen (TN) removal. The MABR under ammonia load of 1.6 g N/m2.d showed an enhanced effluent quality with an average of 2.5 mg/L effluent ammonia concentration. This finding highlights the nitrification potential of a flow-through MABR as a standalone treatment step without any downstream process. Also, slough-off, a common issue in the biofilm process and was hypothesized to reduce the removal efficiency, showed increased ammonia removal rates by 20%. The microbial analysis indicated the dominant AOB and NOB species as Nitrosomonas spp. and Nitrospira spp, respectively. Moreover, the relative abundance of denitrifying bacteria (40.5%) were found twice in intermittently-aerated MABR compared to the continuously-aerated one (20.5%). However, NOB and denitrifying bacteria relative abundances were comparable where continuous air was supplied.

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Performance of Treatment of Domestic Wastewater by Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.955-959.2318 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 955-959 ◽

pp. 2318-2321

Author(s):

Dong Yuan

Keyword(s):

Removal Efficiency ◽

Total Nitrogen ◽

Nitrogen Removal ◽

Nitrogen Concentration ◽

Domestic Wastewater ◽

Ammonium Nitrogen ◽

Biofilm Reactor ◽

Simultaneous Nitrification And Denitrification ◽

Sequencing Batch Biofilm Reactor ◽

Total Nitrogen Removal

The objective of this work was to evaluate the performances of A lab-scale innovative sequencing batch biofilm reactor (SBBR) to treat domestic wastewater,in which a acryl cylinder (height 200 mm, diameter 70 mm) was equipped and many fiber threads were attached to the surface of the cylinder as the bacteria carrier. No time and volume for settling was required in this system. After one year’s operation, each parameter achieved the wastewater discharged criterion in 2 cycles (4 h). It was found that COD removal efficiency was up to 90% in 3 h, and ammonium nitrogen concentration approached the least value; total nitrogen removal efficiency reached 55%-71%. In this SBBR system simultaneous nitrification and denitrification was completed at the end of 2 cycles.

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