Long-term effects of intracerebroventricular insulin microinjection on renal sodium handling and arterial blood pressure in rats

2008 ◽  
Vol 76 (4) ◽  
pp. 344-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo F. Menegon ◽  
Adriana Zaparolli ◽  
Patrícia A. Boer ◽  
Amanda R. de Almeida ◽  
José A.R. Gontijo
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Renal Sodium Handling ◽  
Sodium Handling

Evaluation of Arterial Blood Pressure and Renal Sodium Handling in a Model of Female Rats in Persistent Estrus

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (6) ◽  
pp. 385-389 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Antonio Rocha Gontijo ◽  
Daniela C. Gui ◽  
Patrícia Aline Boer ◽  
Alesse Ribeiro Dos Santos ◽  
Celso Pires Ferreira-filho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Persistent Estrus ◽  
Renal Sodium Handling ◽  
Sodium Handling

scholarly journals Long-Term Effects of Carotid Sinus Denervation on Arterial Blood Pressure in Humans

Circulation ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 105 (11) ◽  
pp. 1329-1335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur A.J. Smit ◽  
Henri J.L.M. Timmers ◽  
Wouter Wieling ◽  
Mariette Wagenaar ◽  
Henri A.M. Marres ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Carotid Sinus ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Arterial Blood

scholarly journals Short- and long-term effects of a maternal low-protein diet on ventilation, O2/CO2chemoreception and arterial blood pressure in male rat offspring

2013 ◽  
Vol 111 (4) ◽  
pp. 606-615 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Luiz de Brito Alves ◽  
Viviane Oliveira Nogueira ◽  
Gerliny Bezerra de Oliveira ◽  
Glauber Santos Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Almir Gonçalves Wanderley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Respiratory Rhythm ◽  
Protein Diet ◽  
Low Protein Diet ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Low Protein ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Short And Long Term

Maternal undernutrition increases the risk of adult arterial hypertension. The present study investigated the short- and long-term effects of a maternal low-protein diet on respiratory rhythm, O2/CO2chemosensitivity and arterial blood pressure (ABP) of the offspring. Male Wistar rats were divided into two groups according to their mothers' diets during gestation and lactation: control (NP, 17 % of casein) and low-protein (LP, 8 % of casein) groups. Direct measurements of ABP, respiratory frequency (RF), tidal volume (VT) and ventilation (VE), as well as hypercapnia (7 % CO2) and hypoxia (7 % O2) evoked respiratory responses were recorded from the awake male offspring at the 30th and 90th days of life. Blood samples were collected for the analyses of protein, creatinine and urea concentrations. The LP offspring had impaired body weight and length throughout the experiment. At 30 d of age, the LP rats showed a reduction in the concentrations of total serum protein (approximately 24 %). ABP in the LP rats was similar to that in the NP rats at 30 d of age, but it was 20 % higher at 90 d of age. With respect to ventilatory parameters, the LP rats showed enhanced RF (approximately 34 %) and VE (approximately 34 %) at 30 d of age, which was associated with increased ventilatory responses to hypercapnia (approximately 21 % in VE) and hypoxia (approximately 82 % in VE). At 90 d of age, the VE values and CO2/O2chemosensitivity of the LP rats were restored to the control range, but the RF values remained elevated. The present data show that a perinatal LP diet alters respiratory rhythm and O2/CO2chemosensitivity at early ages, which may be a predisposing factor for increased ABP at adulthood.

Effects of isoproterenol on the cardiovascular system of fetal sheep exposed to long-term high-altitude hypoxemia

1995 ◽  
Vol 78 (5) ◽  
pp. 1793-1799 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kamitomo ◽  
T. Ohtsuka ◽  
R. D. Gilbert
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Isoproterenol Infusion

We exposed fetuses to high-altitude (3,820 m) hypoxemia from 30 to 130 days gestation, when we measured fetal heart rate, right and left ventricular outputs with electromagnetic flow probes, and arterial blood pressure during an isoproterenol dose-response infusion. We also measured the distribution of cardiac output with radiolabeled microspheres during the maximal isoproterenol dose. Baseline fetal arterial blood pressure was higher in long-term hypoxemic fetuses (50.1 +/- 1.3 vs. 43.4 +/- 1.0 mmHg) but fell during the isoproterenol infusion to 41.3 +/- 1.4 and 37.5 +/- 1.4 mmHg, respectively, at the highest dose. Heart rate was the same in both groups and did not differ during isoproterenol infusion. Baseline fetal cardiac output was lower in the hypoxemic group (339 +/- 18 vs. 436 +/- 19 ml.min-1.kg-1) due mainly to a reduction in right ventricular output. During the isoproterenol infusion, right ventricular output increased to the same extent in both hypoxemic and normoxic fetuses (approximately 35%); however, left ventricular output increased only approximately 15% in the hypoxemic group compared with approximately 40% in the normoxic group. The percent change in individual organ blood flows during isoproterenol infusion in the hypoxemic groups was not significantly different from the normoxic group. All of the mechanisms that might be responsible for the differential response of the fetal left and right ventricles to long-term hypoxia are not understood and need further exploration.

Nondipping Blood Pressure: Predictive or Reactive Failure of Renal Sodium Handling?

Physiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica R. Ivy ◽  
Matthew A. Bailey
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Sodium Reabsorption ◽  
Nocturnal Sleep ◽  
Sodium Homeostasis ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Renal Sodium Handling ◽  
Sodium Handling

Blood pressure follows a daily rhythm, dipping during nocturnal sleep in humans. Attenuation of this dip (nondipping) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Renal control of sodium homeostasis is essential for long-term blood pressure control. Sodium reabsorption and excretion have rhythms that rely on predictive/circadian as well as reactive adaptations. We explore how these rhythms might contribute to blood pressure rhythm in health and disease.

Long-Term Telemetry of Direct Arterial Blood Pressure in Unrestricted Hypertensives

2015 ◽  
pp. 211-215
Author(s):  
B. Kr�nig ◽  
K. Dufey ◽  
P. Reinhardt ◽  
J. Jahnecke ◽  
H. P. Wolff
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Direct Arterial Blood Pressure

scholarly journals Significance of the Cerebrovascular Effects of Immobilization Stress in the Rabbit

1984 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 397-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre Lacombe ◽  
Jacques Seylaz
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Immobilization Stress ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Stress Reaction ◽  
Acute Hypertension ◽  
Cerebrovascular Autoregulation ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Systemic Factors

The question of the significance of the cerebrovascular effects of stressful situations in animals is still controversial. In the present article, an experimental model of immobilization stress in the rabbit is described, and its specificity in relation to arterial blood pressure and PaCO2 is investigated. CBF was measured with the multiregional tissue sampling technique using [14C]-ethanol as tracer. After dissipation of althesin anesthesia, the stress reaction was elicited by tactile abdominal stimuli. The response was evidenced by an instantaneous acute hypertension (+ 33.8% during the CBF measurement period). Within the first minute of the reaction, the CBF was significantly increased in all nine structures studied by 39% (caudate nucleus) to 82% (parietotemporal cortex). The study of the influence of arterial blood pressure and the PaCO2 on CBF showed that cerebrovascular autoregulation and CO2 sensitivity were differently affected in the various structures during the stress reaction. However, the stress response of the brain circulation could not be entirely ascribed to one or both of these two systemic factors, thus suggesting the contribution of a local intrinsic activation. The model presented here could be useful for long-term studies of cerebrovascular repercussions of repeated acute hypertensions of a stressful nature.

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