Obstructive sleep apnoea, renal sodium handling, arterial blood pressure and body mass index

Abstract Background: The use of contraceptives has become prevalent among women in Ethiopia. Oral contraceptive use has been suggested to trigger changes in glucose metabolism, energy expenditure, blood pressure, and body weight, among the various populations and ethnic groups. Objective: To elucidate the pattern of fasting blood sugar (FBS), blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) among combined oral contraceptive (COC) pills users, taking into account other confounding factors including socioeconomic conditions and physical activity status. Methods: An institution based cross-sectional study design was employed. A total of 110 healthy women using pills were recruited as cases. Another 110 healthy women not using any hormonal contraceptives were recruited as matched controls. A study was conducted between October 2018 and January 2019. Fasting Capillary blood sample was collected from the study participants for the estimation of the FBS level. Systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured and means arterial blood pressure was calculated for each participant. Body weight and height were measured to compute body mass index. Data obtained was entered and analyzed using IBM SPSS version 23 software packages. Results: FBS level in users was significantly increased compared to controls (88.55 ± 7.89 vs. 86.00 ± 9.85 in users and controls respectively, P = 0.025). There was a significant difference in mean arterial blood pressure of users compared to controls (88.2 ± 8.48 vs. 86.0 ± 6.74 respectively, P=0.04). The mean weight and body mass index of users were significantly increased (P = 0.03 and P = 0.003, respectively). Changes in mean fasting blood sugar level and mean weight of users were independent (P = 0.27 and P = 0.46) to the duration of use (3-12, 13-24 and ≥ 25 months). On the other hand, changes in mean body mass index and mean arterial blood pressure of users were dependent of the duration of use (P = 0.03 and P = 0.000 respectively). Conclusions: Overall, oral contraceptive pills use appears to cause a 2.9% increase in fasting blood glucose level, a 2.5% increase in mean arterial blood pressure and a 3.9% increase in body mass index among the users.

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Effect of ventilation therapy on mortality rate among obesity hypoventilation syndrome and obstructive sleep apnoea patients

ERJ Open Research ◽

10.1183/23120541.00101-2019 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 00101-2019 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Hanna-Riikka Kreivi ◽

Tuomas Itäluoma ◽

Adel Bachour

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Mortality Rate ◽

Body Mass ◽

Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽

Sleep Apnoea ◽

Control Group ◽

Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome ◽

Obstructive Sleep ◽

Hypoventilation Syndrome ◽

Obesity Hypoventilation

IntroductionThe prevalence of obesity is continually increasing worldwide, which increases the incidence of obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) and its consequent mortality.MethodsWe reviewed the therapy mode, comorbidity and mortality of all OHS patients treated at our hospital between 2005 and 2016. The control group consisted of randomly selected patients with obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) treated during the same period.ResultsWe studied 206 OHS patients and 236 OSA patients. The OHS patients were older (56.3 versus 52.3 years, p<0.001) and heavier (body mass index 46.1 versus 32.2 kg·m−2, p<0.001), and the percentage of women was higher (41.2% versus 24.2%, p<0.001), respectively. The OHS patients had more hypertension (83% versus 61%, p<0.001) and diabetes (62% versus 31%, p<0.001) than the OSA patients, but no higher stroke (4% versus 8%, p=0.058) or ischaemic heart disease (14% versus 15%, p=0.437) incidence. The 5- and 10-year, unadjusted survival rates were lower among the OHS patients than among the OSA patients (83% versus 96% and 74% versus 91%, respectively; p<0.001). Differences in mortality rates were not related to age, sex or body mass index; covariates such as Charlson Comorbidity Index and ventilation therapy predicted survival. The mortality rate decreased significantly (p<0.001) both in OHS and OSA patients even after adjusting for covariates.ConclusionsThe mortality rate in OHS was significantly higher than that in OSA patients even after adjusting for covariates. Ventilation therapy by continuous positive airway pressure or noninvasive ventilation have reduced mortality significantly in all patients.

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Platelet count, mean platelet volume and size distribution in relation to arterial blood pressure, age, smoking habits and body mass index

Fibrinolysis and Proteolysis ◽

10.1016/0268-9499(90)90284-q ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 4 ◽

pp. 102

Author(s):

U. Harbrecht ◽

B. Graulich ◽

R. Düsing

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Platelet Count ◽

Size Distribution ◽

Arterial Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass ◽

Mean Platelet Volume ◽

Smoking Habits ◽

Platelet Volume ◽

Arterial Blood

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Left ventricular thickness may be affected by higher arterial blood pressure and body-mass index in asymptomatic adolescents

Cardiologia Croatica ◽

10.15836/ccar.2013.163 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 8 (5-6) ◽

pp. 163-163

Author(s):

Arbnora Batalli-Kipuska ◽

Arlind Batalli ◽

Gani Bajraktari

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass Index ◽

Arterial Blood Pressure ◽

Body Mass ◽

Left Ventricular ◽

Arterial Blood ◽

Left Ventricular Thickness

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Correlation of body mass index and pulmonary hypertension in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea

The Journal of Community Health Management ◽

10.18231/j.jchm.2021.018 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 79-82

Author(s):

Saurabh Mishra ◽

G N Srivastava ◽

J K Mishra ◽

Ritamvara Oli

Keyword(s):

Body Mass Index ◽

Pulmonary Hypertension ◽

Body Mass ◽

Obstructive Sleep Apnoea ◽

Severe Obesity ◽

Strong Association ◽

Sleep Apnoea ◽

Cardiac Anomaly ◽

2D Echocardiography ◽

Obstructive Sleep

Obstructive sleep apnoea has very strong association with both body mass index and pulmonary hypertension. There is a paucity of data to relate BMI and PH in patients with OSA. To see the relation between body mass index and pulmonary hypertension in patients with obstructive sleep apnoea. Patients with symptoms of OSA were screened for polysomnography by using STOP-BANG criteria. 100 patients with AHI ≥5 with symptoms of obstructive sleep apnoea and AHI ≥ 15 without symptoms of obstructive sleep apnoea were selected for other investigations. Neck circumference was measured and BMI was calculated to estimate the severity of obstruction. PFT and chest X-ray were done to rule-out other respiratory illnesses. 2D-echocardiography was done for screening of pre-existing structural cardiac anomaly or any raise in pulmonary artery pressure. MRI neck was done to check neck muscles status. Out of 100 patients in study group 10% (n=10) had mild, 12% (n=12) had moderate and 78% (n=78) had severe OSA. Most of the patients belonged to overweight (52%) and obesity stage 1 (34%) groups. 10% and 2% of the patients belonged to obesity stage 2 and severe obesity groups respectively. Only 2% of the patients were healthy and none of the patients were underweight. PH was present in 24% (n=24) of cases, mild (n=10) and moderate (n=10) PH each were 10% and severe (n=4) PH was present in 4% of the cases. 100% of the patients with severe obesity had pulmonary hypertension. Most of the patients with PH belonged to Obesity grade 1 and overweight groups, whereas none of normal BMI patients had PH. Body mass index has indirect relation with pulmonary hypertension. In our study, we found that pulmonary hypertension was present only in overweight and obese patients. Whereas, none of the patients with normal BMI had pulmonary hypertension.

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