scholarly journals Influence of soil moisture on hydrophobicity and water sorptivity of sandy soil no longer under agricultural use

CATENA ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 208 ◽  
pp. 105780
Author(s):  
Edyta Hewelke ◽  
Dariusz Gozdowski ◽  
Marian Korc ◽  
Ilona Małuszyńska ◽  
Ewa Beata Górska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
Water Sorptivity

A laboratory study of the effect of soil-water dynamics on the migration of gases from subsurface sources

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana M. C. Ilie ◽  
Tissa H. Illangasekare ◽  
Kenichi Soga ◽  
William R. Whalley
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Soil Water ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Soil Gas ◽  
Water Dynamics ◽  
Gas Migration ◽  
Soil Water Dynamics ◽  
Scale Test ◽  
Properties Of Soil

<p>Understanding the soil-gas migration in unsaturated soil is important in a number of problems that include carbon loading to the atmosphere from the bio-geochemical activity and leakage of gases from subsurface sources from carbon storage unconventional energy development. The soil water dynamics in the vadose zone control the soil-gas pathway development and, hence, the gas flux's spatial and temporal distribution at the soil surface. The spatial distribution of soil-water content depends on soil water characteristics. The dynamics are controlled by the water flux at the land surface and water table fluctuations. Physical properties of soil give a better understanding of the soil gas dynamics and migration from greater soil depths. The fundamental process of soil gas migration under dynamic water content was investigated in the laboratory using an intermediate-scale test system under controlled conditions that is not possible in the field. The experiments focus on observing the methane gas migration in relation to the physical properties of soil and the soil moisture patterns. A 2D soil tank with dimensions of 60 cm × 90 cm × 5.6 cm (height × length × width) was used.  The tank was heterogeneously packed with sandy soil along with a distributed network of soil moisture, temperature, and electrical conductivity sensors. The heterogeneous soil configuration was designed using nine uniform silica sands with the effective sieve numbers #16, #70, #8, #40/50, #110, #30/40, #50, and #20/30 (Accusands, Unimin Corp., Ottawa, MN), and a porosity ranging in values from 0.31 to 0.42. Four methane infrared gas sensors and a Flame Ionization detector (HFR400 Fast FID) were used for the soil gas sampling at different depths within the soil profiles and at the land surface.  A complex transient soil moisture distribution and soil gas migration patterns were observed in the 2D tank. These processes were successfully captured by the sensors. These preliminary experiments helped us to understand the mechanism of soil moisture sensor response and methane gas migration into a heterogeneous sandy soil with a view to developing a large-scale test in a 3D tank (4.87 m × 2.44 m × 0.40 m) and finally transition to field deployment.</p>

scholarly journals Mini Inside-Out Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Sensor Design for Soil Moisture Measurements

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 1682 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiamin Wu ◽  
Pan Guo ◽  
Sheng Shen ◽  
Yucheng He ◽  
Xin Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Particle Diameter ◽  
Silica Sand ◽  
Resonance Sensor ◽  
Small Pore ◽  
Inside Out ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic

The improvement of water management in agriculture by exactly detecting moisture parameters of soil is crucial. To investigate this problem, a mini inside-out nuclear magnetic resonance sensor (NMR) was proposed to measure moisture parameters of model soils. This sensor combines three cylindrical magnets that are magnetized in the axial direction and three arc spiral coils of the same size in series. We calculated and optimized the magnet structure by equivalent magnetization to current density. By adjusting the radius and height between the cylinders, a circumferential symmetric constant gradient field (2.28 T/m) was obtained. The NMR sensor was set at 2.424 MHz to measure the water content of sandy soil with small particle diameter and silica sand with large particle diameter. The complete decaying, an NMR signal was analyzed through inverse Laplace transformation and averaged on a T2 space. According to the results, moisture content of the sample is positively correlated with the integral area of T2 spectrum peak (Apeak); T2 of the water in small pores is shorter than that in large pores, because the movement of water molecules are limited by the inner wall of the pores. In the same volume, water in large pore sample is more than that in small pore sample, so Apeak of silica sand is larger than Apeak of sandy soil. Therefore, the sensor is capable of detecting moisture both content and pore size of the sample. This mini sensor (4.0 cm in diameter and 10 cm in length) is portable, and the lowest measurable humidity is 0.38%. Thus, this sensor will allow easy soil moisture measurements on-field in the future.

Performance of a New Capacitance Soil Moisture Probe in a Sandy Soil

2009 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 1378-1385 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence R. Parsons ◽  
Wije M. Bandaranayake
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Sandy Soil

scholarly journals Chemical Transformation of Humic Acid Molecules under the Influence of Mineral, Fungal and Bacterial Fertilization in the Context of the Agricultural Use of Degraded Soils

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (16) ◽  
pp. 4921
Author(s):  
Patrycja Boguta ◽  
Kamil Skic ◽  
Zofia Sokołowska ◽  
Magdalena Frąc ◽  
Lidia Sas-Paszt
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Paenibacillus Polymyxa ◽  
Extraction Methods ◽  
Organic Carbon Content ◽  
Npk Fertilizers ◽  
Silty Soil ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Humification Degree ◽  
Agricultural Use ◽  
Different Soils

The main goal of this work was to study the structural transformation of humic acids (HAs) under the influence of selected strains of fungi (Aspergillus niger and Paecilomyces lilacinus) and bacteria (Bacillus sp., Paenibacillus polymyxa and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) with/without the presence of NPK fertilizers. Two-year experiments were conducted on two different soils and HAs isolated from these soils were examined for structure, humification degree, and quantity using fluorescence and UV-Vis spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and extraction methods. Results showed that the applied additives contributed to the beneficial transformation of HAs, but effects differed for various soils. HAs from silty soil with higher organic carbon content showed simplification of their structure, and decreases in humification, molecular weight, and aromaticity under the influence of fungi and bacteria without NPK, and with NPK alone. With both fungi and NPK, increases in O/H and O/C atomic ratios indicated an increase in the number of O-containing functional groups. HAs from sandy soil did not show as many significant changes as did those from silty soil. Sandy soil exhibited a strong decline in HA content in the second year that was reduced/neutralized by the presence of fungi, bacteria, and NPK. Periodically observed fluorescence at ~300 nm/450 nm reflected formation of low-molecular HAs originating from the activity of microorganisms.

scholarly journals Physical Properties of Texturally Different Soils After Application of Biochar Substrates

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 45-55
Author(s):  
Dušan Šrank ◽  
Vladimír Šimanský
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Farmyard Manure ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Soil Amelioration ◽  
Loamy Soil ◽  
Different Soils

AbstractScientific studies show that the efficiency of biochar can be improved by its combination with other fertilisers. For this reason, fertiliser manufacturers are working to create products that combine biochar with other soil fertility enhancers suitable for different soil-climatic conditions. In this study, two types of biochar substrates (1. biochar blended with farmyard manure, and 2. biochar blended with farmyard manure as well as with digestate) at rates of 10 and 20 t/ha were applied alone or in combination with other manure and mineral fertilisers. These were added to Arenosol (sandy soil, Dolná Streda, Slovakia) and Chernozem (loamy soil, Veľké Úľany, Slovakia) to evaluate the soil physical properties to test the potential of these amendments for soil amelioration in texturally different soils. The results showed that the application of biochar substrates alone increased soil moisture, the volume of capillary pores, and decreased aeration and volume of non-capillary pores. The application of biochar substrates with mineral fertilisers increased aeration, content of water-stable macro-aggregates (WSAma), total porosity, and decreased soil moisture and the content of water-stable micro-aggregates (WSAmi) in sandy soil. In loamy soil, when compared to unfertilised control, the biochar treatments increased content of WSAma, content of dry-sieved macro-aggregates, and decreased content of WSAmi and content of dry-sieved micro-aggregates. The combination of biochar substrates together with manure had no effect on changes in the physical properties of loamy soil.

Copper accumulation and fitness of Folsomia candida Willem in a copper contaminated sandy soil as affected by pH and soil moisture

1997 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marianne Bruus Pedersen ◽  
Erwin J.M. Temminghoff ◽  
Mari P.J.C. Marinussen ◽  
Niels Elmegaard ◽  
Cornelis A.M. van Gestel
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Copper Accumulation ◽  
Folsomia Candida ◽  
Copper Contaminated

scholarly journals Effects of Soil Texture on Soil Leaching and Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Growth under Combined Irrigation and Drainage

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (24) ◽  
pp. 3614
Author(s):  
Dongwang Wang ◽  
Zhenhua Wang ◽  
Jinzhu Zhang ◽  
Bo Zhou ◽  
Tingbo Lv ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Moisture ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Growth Stages ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
T1 And T2

To further explore the effects of different soil textures on soil leaching and cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) growth using a combined irrigation and drainage technique and provide a theoretical basis for the improvement of saline alkali land in Xinjiang, we used a test pit experiment to test soil moisture, salinity, soil pH, permeability, cotton agronomic characteristics, cotton yield and quality, and water use efficiency in three soil textures (clay, loam, sand soil) under the combined irrigation and drainage (T1) and conventional drip irrigation (T2). We measured the soil moisture content in different soil layers of clay, loam and sandy soil under the T1 and T2 treatments. Clay and loam had better water retention than sandy soil, and the soil moisture under the combined irrigation and drainage treatment was slightly higher than that under conventional drip irrigation. Under T1, the average salt content and pH value in the 0–60 cm soil layer of clay, loam and sandy soil decreased by 14.09%, 14.21% and 12.35%, and 5.02%, 5.85% and 3.27%, respectively, compared with T2. Therefore, T2 reduced the salt content and pH value of shallow soil. Under T1 and T2, the relative permeability coefficient (K/K0) values in different soil textures at different growth stages of cotton were ranked as follows: sandy soil > loam > clay. Under T1, the K/K0 values for different soil textures at different growth stages of cotton were >1; therefore, T1 improved soil permeability. The yield and water use efficiency of seed cotton under T1 and T2 in different soil textures were ranked as follows: loam > clay > sand, and there were significant differences between the different treatments. In loam, the cotton yield and water use efficiency of the combined irrigation and drainage treatment were 6.37% and 13.70% higher than those for conventional drip irrigation treatment, respectively. By combining irrigation and drainage to adjust the soil moisture, salt, pH value and soil permeability of different soil textures, the root growth environment of crops can effectively be improved, which is of great significance to improving the utilization efficiency of water and fertilizer and promoting the growth of cotton.

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