scholarly journals Prevalence and triggering factors of unintended pregnancies among women in India: Evidence from Indian Demographic and Health Survey 2015–2016

2022 ◽  
pp. 100949
Author(s):  
Md Akhtarul Islam ◽  
Abdur Rahim ◽  
Abdul Jabbar
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Triggering Factors ◽  
Women In India

scholarly journals Unmet Need for Family Planning Among Married Women in Zambia: Lessons from the 2018 Demographic and Health Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harriet Namukoko ◽  
Rosemary Ndonyo Likwa ◽  
Twaambo E. Hamoonga ◽  
Million Phiri
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Household Wealth ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies

Abstract Introduction: Unmet need for family planning among married women is still high in Africa. In the year 2018, one in every five married women in Zambia had an unmet need for family planning. Unmet need for family planning can increase the number of unintended pregnancies and abortions, both of which have the potential to increase the proportion of women of child bearing age who are at high risk of birth complications. Studies have shown that factors explaining unmet need for family planning vary significantly from country to country, depending on access and availability of family planning services for women. We conducted this study to understand the determinants of unmet need for family planning in Zambia. Knowledge of factors associated with unmet need for family planning can help governments and stakeholders to identify health strategies to reduce unwanted fertility and prevent maternal and child mortality.Methods: The study used datasets from the Zambia Demographic and Health Survey which was a representative cross-sectional survey conducted in 2018. Zambia conducted a Demographic and Health to capture health indicators which are used to measure progress of implementation of health sector interventions. We did analysis on a sample of 7, 597 married women aged 15-49 years. Chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression were used to analyse determinants of unmet need for family planning. Stata version 14.2 was used to analyse weighted data and survey commands were applied to account for the complex sample design. Results: Study findings have revealed that half of the married women were still not using contraception by 2018. Unmet need for family planning among married women is still a public health issue in Zambia. In multivariate regression analysis; age, parity, household wealth and exposure to media-based family planning messages were found to be significantly associated with unmet need for family planning among married women.Conclusion: There is need to enhance family planning policy and programming in the country in order to achieve desired health outcomes. Mass media campaigns and community-based outreach activities with special focus on the young women can achieve significant results in reducing unmet need for family planning. Further, there should be some deliberate interventions to conduct family planning talks during in health facilities targeting women who visit maternal and children care clinics.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Pregnancy Among Filipino Women Aged 15-19: Results from the 2017 Philippine National Demographic and Health Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veincent Christian Pepito ◽  
Arianna Maever L. Amit ◽  
Clinton S. Tang ◽  
Luis Miguel B. Co ◽  
Neil Andrew K. Aliazas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Strong Evidence ◽  
Teenage Pregnancy ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Roman Catholic ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Unintended Pregnancies ◽  
Filipino Women ◽  
The Individual

Abstract Background: Teenage pregnancy is an event known to have physical, emotional, and psychosocial implications. Despite such risks, many teenage Filipino women still have unintended pregnancies. This study aims to identify factors associated with pregnancy among Filipino women aged 15-19.Methods: We used data from the individual recode of the 2017 Philippine National Demographic and Health Survey. We used logistic regression for survey data to identify determinants associated with teenage pregnancy. Results: Out of 5,120 respondents, 420 (8.56%) have ever been pregnant. After adjusting for confounding variables, we find that there is strong evidence that belonging to the richer (adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 0.51; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.27, 0.97) and richest (aOR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.22, 0.93) socio-economic strata are protective against teenage pregnancy. Accessing the internet at least once a week (aOR: 0.42; 95% CI: 0.24, 0.74) or almost every day (aOR: 0.45; 95% CI: 0.23, 0.86) are also protective against teenage pregnancy. Among the religions, being Protestant (aOR: 0.46; 95% CI: 0.22, 0.96), or a Muslim (aOR: 0.28; 95% CI: 0.14, 0.58) lower the odds of teenage pregnancy as compared to being Roman Catholic. On the other hand, there is strong evidence that just finishing primary education raises the odds of teenage pregnancy by six times (aOR: 6.25; 95% CI: 1.31, 29.89) as compared to those who did not have any formal education. A year increase in age also increases the odds of teenage pregnancy by 2.93 times (aOR: 2.93; 95% CI: 2.48, 3.46).Conclusions: These findings highlight the need to implement reproductive health education and contraceptive promotion interventions on a nationwide scale. Promoting internet access through investments in internet coverage and speed may also help in further decrease teenage pregnancy. Urgent action is needed considering the prevalence of teenage pregnancy in the country and its rapid increase due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Low Birth Weight in Ethiopia: A Multi-Level Analysis of 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Addisu Alehegn Alemu ◽  
Liknaw Bewket Zeleke ◽  
Bewket Aynalem ◽  
Melaku Desta ◽  
Eskeziaw Abebe Kasahun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Level Analysis

scholarly journals Rural–urban variation in insecticide-treated net utilization among pregnant women: evidence from 2018 Nigeria Demographic and Health Survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Kwabena Ameyaw ◽  
Kenneth Setorwu Adde ◽  
Shadrach Dare ◽  
Sanni Yaya
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Insecticide Treated Nets ◽  
Lower Odds ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Itn Use

Abstract Background In 2018, Nigeria accounted for the highest prevalence of malaria worldwide. Pregnant women and children under five years bear the highest risk of malaria. Geographical factors affect utilization of insecticide-treated nets (ITN), yet existing literature have paid little attention to the rural–urban dimension of ITN utilization in Nigeria. This study aimed at investigating the rural–urban variation in ITN utilization among pregnant women in Nigeria using data from the 2018 Demographic and Health Survey. Methods A total of 2909 pregnant women were included in the study. The prevalence of ITN utilization for rural and urban pregnant women of Nigeria were presented with descriptive statistics. Chi-square test was employed to assess the association between residence, socio-demographic characteristics and ITN utilization at 95% level of significance. Subsequently, binary logistic regression was used to assess the influence of residence on ITN utilization. Results Eight out of ten of the rural residents utilized ITN (86.1%) compared with 74.1% among urban residents. Relative to urban pregnant women, those in rural Nigeria had higher odds of utilizing ITNs both in the crude [cOR = 2.17, CI = 1.66–2.84] and adjusted models [aOR = 1.18, CI = 1.05–1.24]. Pregnant women aged 40–44 had lower odds of ITN utilization compared to those aged 15–19 [aOR = 0.63, CI = 0.44–0.92]. Poorer pregnant women had higher odds of ITN utilization compared with poorest pregnant women [aOR = 1.09, CI = 1.04–1.32]. Across regions, those in the south [aOR = 0.26, CI = 0.14–0.49] and south-west [aOR = 0.29, CI = 0.16–0.54] had lower odds of ITN use compared to their counterparts in the north-west region. Conclusion The high use of ITNs among pregnant women in Nigeria may be due to the prioritization of rural communities by previous interventions. This is a dimension worth considering to enhance the attainment of the national anti-malarial initiatives. Since possession of ITN is not a guarantee for utilization, women in urban locations need constant reminder of ITN use through messages delivered at ANC and radio advertisements. Moreover, subsequent mass ITN campaigns ought to take cognizance of variations ITN use across regions and pragmatic steps be taken to increase the availability of ITN in households since there is a moderately high use in households with at least one ITN in Nigeria.

scholarly journals HIV and cardiovascular disease in sub-Saharan Africa: Demographic and Health Survey data for 4 countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard E. Egede ◽  
Rebekah J. Walker ◽  
Patricia Monroe ◽  
Joni S. Williams ◽  
Jennifer A. Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Survey Design ◽  
Logistic Models ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Investigate the relationship between two common cardiovascular diseases and HIV in adults living in sub-Saharan Africa using population data provided through the Demographic and Health Survey. Methods Data for four sub-Saharan countries were used. All adults asked questions regarding diagnosis of HIV, diabetes, and hypertension were included in the sample totaling 5356 in Lesotho, 3294 in Namibia, 9917 in Senegal, and 1051 in South Africa. Logistic models were run for each country separately, with self-reported diabetes as the first outcome and self-reported hypertension as the second outcome and HIV status as the primary independent variable. Models were adjusted for age, gender, rural/urban residence and BMI. Complex survey design allowed weighting to the population. Results Prevalence of self-reported diabetes ranged from 3.8% in Namibia to 0.5% in Senegal. Prevalence of self-reported hypertension ranged from 22.9% in Namibia to 0.6% in Senegal. In unadjusted models, individuals with HIV in Lesotho were 2 times more likely to have self-reported diabetes (OR = 2.01, 95% CI 1.08–3.73), however the relationship lost significance after adjustment. Individuals with HIV were less likely to have self-reported diabetes after adjustment in Namibia (OR = 0.29, 95% CI 0.12–0.72) and less likely to have self-reported hypertension after adjustment in Lesotho (OR = 0.63, 95% CI 0.47–0.83). Relationships were not significant for Senegal or South Africa. Discussion HIV did not serve as a risk factor for self-reported cardiovascular disease in sub-Saharan Africa during the years included in this study. However, given the growing prevalence of diabetes and hypertension in the region, and the high prevalence of undiagnosed cardiovascular disease, it will be important to continue to track and monitor cardiovascular disease at the population level and in individuals with and without HIV. Conclusions The odds of self-reported diabetes in individuals with HIV was high in Lesotho and low in Namibia, while the odds of self-reported hypertension in individuals with HIV was low across all 4 countries included in this study. Programs are needed to target individuals that need to manage multiple diseases at once and should consider increasing access to cardiovascular disease management programs for older adults, individuals with high BMI, women, and those living in urban settings.

scholarly journals Are children’s stools in Ghana disposed of safely? Evidence from the 2014 Ghana demographic and health survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul-Aziz Seidu
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Safe Disposal ◽  
Toilet Facility ◽  
Improved Sanitation ◽  
Northern Zone

Abstract Background Safe disposal of children’s faeces has always been one of the main challenges to good hygiene in Ghana. Although it has been proven that children’s faeces are more likely to spread diseases than adults’ faeces, people usually mistake them for harmlessness. This study, therefore, sought to determine the prevalence and factors associated with safe disposal of children’s faeces in Ghana. Methods Data from the 2014 Ghana Demographic and Health Survey was used for the analysis. A sample size of 2228 mother-child pairs were used for the study. The outcome variable was disposal of children stools. Both bivariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify the factors with safe child stool disposal. Results The prevalence of safe child stool disposal in Ghana was 24.5%. Women in the middle [Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 4.62; Confidence Interval (CI) = 3.00–7.10], Coastal Zone [AOR = 4.52; CI = 2.82–7.22], mothers whose children were aged 12–17 [AOR = 1.56; CI = 1.15–2.13] and 18–23 months [AOR = 1.75; CI = 1.29–2.39], and mothers whose household had improved type of toilet facility [AOR = 2.04; CI = 1.53–2.73] had higher odds of practicing safe children’s faeces disposal. However, women from households with access to improved source of drinking water [AOR = 0.62; CI = 0.45–2.7] had lower odds of practicing safe children’s faeces disposal. Conclusion Approximately only about 25 out of 100 women practice safe disposal of their children’s faeces in Ghana. The age of the child, ecological zone, the type of toilet facilities, and the type of drinking water source are associated with the disposal of child faeces. These findings have proven that only improved sanitation (i.e. drinking water and toilet facilities) are not enough for women to safely dispose of their children’s faeces. Therefore, in addition to provision of toilet facilities especially in the northern zone of Ghana, there is also the need to motivate and educate mothers on safe disposal of children’s stools especially those with children below 12 months. More so, mothers without access to improved toilet facility should also be educated on the appropriate ways to bury their children’s stools safely.

scholarly journals Women’s progression through the maternal continuum of care in Guinea: Evidence from the 2018 Guinean Demographic and Health Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bienvenu Salim Camara ◽  
Lenka Benova ◽  
Thérèse Delvaux ◽  
Sidikiba Sidibé ◽  
Alison Marie El Ayadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Continuum Of Care ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey
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