Atrazine promotes biochemical changes and DNA damage in a Neotropical fish species

The increase in global biodiesel production is originating a glycerol surplus, which has no defined destination. An alternative to overcome this problem is its use as energy source in animal feeding. In Brazil, Pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) is one of the most farmed native fish species, whereas Silver catfish (Rhamdia quelen) is suitable for production in subtropical region. Considering little knowledge about crude glycerol utilization in feeds for Neotropical fish species, it was evaluated the apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) for energy of crude glycerol for P. mesopotamicus and R. quelen. The digestibility and digestible energy content of crude glycerol can be considered excellent even when compared to energy of common ingredients such as maize and wheat, presenting 0.97 and 0.89 of energy ADCs, and 15.2 and 13.95MJ kg-1 of digestible energy for Pacu and Silver catfish, respectively. In conclusion, crude glycerol is an energetic ingredient with good potential in Brazilian native fish diets.

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The effect of structural enrichment in hatchery tanks on the morphology of two neotropical fish species

Neotropical Ichthyology ◽

10.1590/1982-0224-20130201 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 12 (4) ◽

pp. 891-901

Author(s):

Sarah de Oliveira Saraiva ◽

Paulo Santos Pompeu

Keyword(s):

Fish Species ◽

Neotropical Fish

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Toxicity of naphthalene in the Neotropical Fish Astyanax Lacustris (Characiformes: Characidae) and Geophagus Brasiliensis (Perciformes: Cichlidae)

Evidência - Ciência e Biotecnologia ◽

10.18593/eba.v17i1.12976 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 17 (1) ◽

pp. 7-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Geonildo Rodrigo Disner ◽

Sabrina Louise Moraes Calado ◽

Helena Cristina Silva Assis ◽

Marta Margarete Cestari

Keyword(s):

Dna Damage ◽

Comet Assay ◽

Micronucleus Test ◽

Glutathione S Transferase ◽

Neotropical Fish ◽

Compensatory Response ◽

Low Concentrations ◽

Geophagus Brasiliensis ◽

Polycyclic Aromatic ◽

Gst Activity

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are one of the most important organic pollutants in environmental studies. The aim of this study was to assess the naphthalene acute toxicity in two fish species, Astyanax lacustris (LLcust, 1875) and Geophagus brasiliensis (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824). The fish were exposed to naphthalene (0.005, 0.03, 0.3, and 3 mgL-1) in water and after that the piscine micronucleus test in erythrocytes, comet assay in blood, liver and gill cells, glutathione S–transferase (GST) activity in the liver, and accumulation of naphthalene in the bile were performed. The susceptibility of the two species was similar and naphthalene was not genotoxic in all tested tissues. The liver GST activity may have been responsible for less damage observed in the liver while the highest DNA damage occurred in blood cells. However, low concentrations of naphthalene in water can stimulate apparent benefits, such as less DNA damage, which would be a compensatory response to an imbalance of homeostasis. The naphthalene is absorbed and can accumulate in the gall bladder, a greater accumulation of PAH was observed in A. lacustris, while G. brasiliensis did not differ from the control. The naphthalene concentrations are not genotoxic to the tested species, although they can potentially accumulate into the body.Keywords: Comet assay. Ecotoxicology. Fish. Genotoxicity. Hormesis.

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Toxicity and Functional Tissue Responses of Two Freshwater Fish after Exposure to Polystyrene Microplastics

Toxics ◽

10.3390/toxics9110289 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (11) ◽

pp. 289

Author(s):

Martha Kaloyianni ◽

Dimitra C. Bobori ◽

Despoina Xanthopoulou ◽

Glykeria Malioufa ◽

Ioannis Sampsonidis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Dna Damage ◽

Freshwater Fish ◽

Fish Species ◽

Biological Effects ◽

Perca Fluviatilis ◽

Aquatic Organisms ◽

Gill Tissue ◽

Holistic Approach ◽

Protein Carbonyls ◽

Chemical Additives

Microplastics (MPs)’ ingestion has been demonstrated in several aquatic organisms. This process may facilitate the hydrophobic waterborne pollutants or chemical additives transfer to biota. In the present study the suitability of a battery of biomarkers on oxidative stress, physiology, tissue function and metabolic profile was investigated for the early detection of adverse effects of 21-day exposure to polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs, sized 5–12 μm) in the liver and gills of zebrafish Danio rerio and perch, Perca fluviatilis, both of which are freshwater fish species. An optical volume map representation of the zebrafish gill by Raman spectroscopy depicted 5 μm diameter PS-MP dispersed in the gill tissue. Concentrations of PS-MPs close to the EC50 of each fish affected fish physiology in all tissues studied. Increased levels of biomarkers of oxidative damage in exposed fish in relation to controls were observed, as well as activation of apoptosis and autophagy processes. Malondialdehyde (MDA), protein carbonyls and DNA damage responses differed with regard to the sensitivity of each tissue of each fish. In the toxicity cascade gills seemed to be more liable to respond to PS-MPs than liver for the majority of the parameters measured. DNA damage was the most susceptible biomarker exhibiting greater response in the liver of both species. The interaction between MPs and cellular components provoked metabolic alterations in the tissues studied, affecting mainly amino acids, nitrogen and energy metabolism. Toxicity was species and tissue specific, with specific biomarkers responding differently in gills and in liver. The fish species that seemed to be more susceptible to MPs at the conditions studied, was P. fluviatilis compared to D. rerio. The current findings add to a holistic approach for the identification of small sized PS-MPs’ biological effects in fish, thus aiming to provide evidence regarding PS-MPs’ environmental impact on wild fish populations and food safety and adequacy.

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Ontogeny of Adenohypophyseal Cells, Pituitary Gland Development and Structure in Adults of Astyanax Lacustris (Teleostei, Characidae): an Emerging Neotropical Fish Species

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1119779/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Giovana Souza Branco ◽

Lázaro Wender O. De Jesus ◽

Monica Cassel ◽

Chayrra Chehade ◽

Marília de Paiva Camargo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pituitary Gland ◽

Early Development ◽

Fish Species ◽

Cell Types ◽

South American ◽

Neotropical Fish ◽

Future Studies ◽

Commercial Importance ◽

Gland Morphogenesis ◽

Gland Development

Abstract Pituitary gland morphogenesis of the adenohypophyseal (AH) cells of Astyanax lacustris are presented herein. This Characiformes species show great ecological and commercial importance, and it has been increasingly used as a biological model. The first AH cells of A. lacustris were detected at 1 dah by the immunostaining of PRL producing cells. The morphology of the gland presented changes in shape throughout the development, starting elongated but more oval at the end. The neurohypophysis was differentiated at 3 dah, along with the identification of ACTH, MSH, TSH, and FSH producing cells. Identification of the immunoreactive cells to anti-LH, anti-SL, and anti-GH antibodies occurred at 5 dah. At 20 dah, an increase in pituitary size and the presence of the pituitary stalk were observed. At 60 dah, the pituitary already had the same shape seen in adults. The ontogeny of adenohypophyseal cells in A. lacustris corroborates the heterogeneity in the appearance of these cell types in teleosts and suggests that these hormones actively participate during the early development of this species. Our results collaborate with the understanding of the morphogenesis of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis in South American teleosts, showing essential data for the development of future studies related to pituitary morphophysiology.

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