Association of chronic respiratory symptoms with incident cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality: findings from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study

CHEST Journal ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weijing Feng ◽  
Zhaoyuan Zhang ◽  
Yu Liu ◽  
Zhibin Li ◽  
Wenjie Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Incident Cardiovascular Disease

Abstract 13676: Association of Plant-centered Diet Intake With Cardiovascular Disease and All-cause Mortality: Findings From the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults Study

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 142 (Suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuni Choi ◽  
Nicole Larson ◽  
Lyn M Steffen ◽  
Pamela J SCHREINER ◽  
Daniel D Gallaher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Parental History ◽  
Plant Foods ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Introduction: There is growing data regarding the potential for plant-centered diets to reduce risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality. However, additional investigation is needed to strengthen and address inconsistencies in the existing evidence base. We examined the association between cumulative consumption of a plant-centered diet and a shift toward a more plant-centered diet and onset of CVD and all-cause mortality. Hypothesis: Nutritionally-rich plant-centered diets will be related to decreased risk of CVD and mortality. Methods: We included 4,926 black and white men and women from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) cohort, ages 18-30 years and free of CVD at baseline (1985-1986, exam year [Y0]) and followed until 2018. Diet was assessed through an interviewer-administered diet history at Y0, Y7, and Y20. A Priori Diet Quality Score (APDQS) was used to assess plant-centered diet quality, and high index scores were characterized by higher consumption of nutritionally-rich plant foods with limited consumption of meats and less healthful plant foods. Proportional hazards regression estimated the association of time-varying APDQS, which were cumulatively averaged over follow-up and 13-year change in APDQS (Y7-Y20) with CVD and all-cause mortality. The model was adjusted for sociodemographic factors, energy intake, parental history of CVD, smoking, and physical activity. Results: We documented 289 new CVD cases and 445 all-cause deaths during the median 32-years of follow up. In multivariable analysis, the highest quintile of cumulative APDQS was associated with a 52% lower risk of CVD (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.28-0.81) compared with the lowest quintile of cumulative APDQS. Increased APDQS over 13 years was related to a 62% lower subsequent 12-year risk of CVD (95% CI: 0.18-0.78) when comparing extreme quintiles. The association for all-cause mortality was only apparent among high educational groups. Conclusions: Following a plant-centered, high-quality diet staring from young adulthood was associated with a lower risk of developing CVD and death by middle age. Our findings support the concept that a plant-centered diet may help prevent early CVD and death.

scholarly journals Predictors of Coronary Artery Calcium and Long‐Term Risks of Death, Myocardial Infarction, and Stroke in Young Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aamir Javaid ◽  
Joshua D. Mitchell ◽  
Todd C. Villines
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Calcium ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Background Coronary artery calcium (CAC) is well‐validated for cardiovascular disease risk stratification in middle to older–aged adults; however, the 2019 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association guidelines state that more data are needed regarding the performance of CAC in low‐risk younger adults. Methods and Results We measured CAC in 13 397 patients aged 30 to 49 years without known cardiovascular disease or malignancy between 1997 and 2009. Outcomes of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE; MI, stroke, or cardiovascular death), and all‐cause mortality were assessed using Cox proportional hazard models, controlling for baseline risk factors (including atrial fibrillation for stroke and MACE) and the competing risk of death or noncardiac death as appropriate. The cohort (74% men, mean age 44 years, and 76% with ≤1 cardiovascular disease risk factor) had a 20.6% prevalence of any CAC. CAC was independently predicted by age, male sex, White race, and cardiovascular disease risk factors. Over a mean of 11 years of follow‐up, the relative adjusted subhazard ratio of CAC >0 was 2.9 for MI and 1.6 for MACE. CAC >100 was associated with significantly increased hazards of MI (adjusted subhazard ratio, 5.2), MACE (adjusted subhazard ratio, 3.1), stroke (adjusted subhazard ratio, 1.7), and all‐cause mortality (hazard ratio, 2.1). CAC significantly improved the prognostic accuracy of risk factors for MACE, MI, and all‐cause mortality by the likelihood ratio test ( P <0.05). Conclusions CAC was prevalent in a large sample of low‐risk young adults. Those with any CAC had significantly higher long‐term hazards of MACE and MI, while severe CAC increased hazards for all outcomes including death. CAC may have utility for clinical decision‐making among select young adults.

scholarly journals Serum Urate and Incident Cardiovascular Disease: The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. e0138067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Huifen Wang ◽  
David R. Jacobs ◽  
Angelo L. Gaffo ◽  
Myron D. Gross ◽  
David C. Goff ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Serum Urate ◽  
Incident Cardiovascular Disease

scholarly journals Associations of Processed Meat, Unprocessed Red Meat, Poultry, or Fish Intake With Incident Cardiovascular Disease and All-Cause Mortality

2020 ◽  
Vol 180 (4) ◽  
pp. 503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victor W. Zhong ◽  
Linda Van Horn ◽  
Philip Greenland ◽  
Mercedes R. Carnethon ◽  
Hongyan Ning ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Red Meat ◽  
Fish Intake ◽  
Processed Meat ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Incident Cardiovascular Disease

Abstract P349: Association Of Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 With Incident Cardiovascular Disease And All-Cause Mortality In The Framingham Heart Study

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Haring ◽  
Ramachandran S Vasan ◽  
Henri Wallaschofski ◽  
Lisa Sullivan ◽  
Danielle Enserro
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 23 ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Fibroblast Growth ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Incident Cardiovascular Disease

Objective: To investigate the association of fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality risk in the general population. Methods: We evaluated 3,236 Framingham Offspring and Omni Study participants to examine the associations of serum FGF23 (measured by immunoassay) with 10-year incident CVD (N = 2,823) and all-cause mortality (N = 3,223) using multivariable Cox regression models. Results: During a median follow-up time of 10.8 years (Q1, 10.0; Q3, 11.4), 347 participants developed new-onset CVD and 412 died. Age- and sex-adjusted Cox regression models revealed a positive association of FGF23 with incident CVD (hazard ratio (HR) per unit increase in logFGF23: 1.43, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.11-1.84) and all-cause mortality (HR 2.26, 95% CI, 1.86-2.75). After multivariable adjustment, the association of FGF23 with incident CVD was rendered non-significant (HR 1.12, 95% CI 0.86-1.46), whereas the positive association of FGF23 with all-cause mortality was maintained (HR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.52 - 2.29). Analyses modeling FGF23 quartiles yielded similar findings (multivariable-adjusted HR Q4 vs. Q1 for incident CVD: 1.17, 95% CI: 0.87 - 1.59; for death: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.38 - 2.53). Conclusion: In our large community-based sample, serum FGF23 shows an independent positive association with all-cause mortality, but not with incident CVD risk.

scholarly journals Dietary cholesterol and egg intake in relation to incident cardiovascular disease and all-cause and cause-specific mortality in postmenopausal women

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo-Chong Chen ◽  
Li-Hua Chen ◽  
Yasmin Mossavar-Rahmani ◽  
Victor Kamensky ◽  
Aladdin H Shadyab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Dietary Cholesterol ◽  
Saturated Fat ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Egg Consumption ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Specific Mortality ◽  
Cholesterol Intake ◽  
Incident Cardiovascular Disease

ABSTRACT Background The potential cardiovascular impact of dietary cholesterol intake has been actively debated for decades. Objectives We aimed to evaluate associations of dietary cholesterol and egg intakes with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all-cause and cause-specific mortality. Methods We included 96,831 US postmenopausal women aged 50–79 y without known CVD or cancer during baseline enrollment (1993–1998) of the Women's Health Initiative. Dietary information was collected using a validated FFQ. Incident CVD [i.e., ischemic heart disease (IHD) and stroke] and all-cause and cause-specific mortality were ascertained and adjudicated through February 2018. Results A total of 9808 incident CVD cases and 19,508 all-cause deaths occurred during a median follow-up of 17.8 y and 18.9 y, respectively. After multivariable adjustment for traditional risk factors and key dietary nutrients including dietary saturated fat, there were modest associations of dietary cholesterol intake with incident CVD (HRQ5versusQ1: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.21; P-trend &lt; 0.001) and all-cause mortality (HRQ5versusQ1: 1.09; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.15; P-trend &lt; 0.001). Significant positive associations were also observed between dietary cholesterol and incident IHD (P-trend = 0.007), incident ischemic stroke (P-trend = 0.002), and CVD mortality (P-trend = 0.002), whereas there was an inverse association for incident hemorrhagic stroke (P-trend = 0.037) and no association for mortality from cancer, Alzheimer disease/dementia, respiratory diseases, or other causes (P-trend &gt; 0.05). Higher egg consumption was also associated with modestly higher risk of incident CVD (P-trend = 0.004) and all-cause mortality (P-trend &lt; 0.001), with HRs of 1.14 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.25) and 1.14 (95% CI: 1.07, 1.22), respectively, when comparing ≥1 egg/d with &lt;1 egg/wk. Conclusions Both higher dietary cholesterol intake and higher egg consumption appeared to be associated with modestly elevated risk of incident CVD and all-cause mortality in US postmenopausal women.

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