Correlations between serum FGF21 and IRISIN levels and nutritional, biochemical, and anthropometric parameters in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a chronic non-communicable disease, with a prevalence of 25% worldwide. This pathology is a multifactorial illness, and is associated with different risks factors, including hypertension, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and obesity. Beside these predisposing features, NAFLD has been related to changes in the microbiota, which favor the disease progression. In this context, the modulation of the gut microbiota has emerged as a new therapeutic target for the prophylaxis and treatment of NAFLD. This review describes the changes in the gut microbiota associated with NAFLD and the effect of probiotics, prebiotics, and synbiotics on the gut microbiota, liver damage, anthropometric parameters, blood lipids, inflammation markers and insulin resistance in these patients.

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Effect of Adult Weight Gain on Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Its Association with Anthropometric Parameters in the Lean Japanese Population

Diagnostics ◽

10.3390/diagnostics10110863 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (11) ◽

pp. 863

Author(s):

Sho Tanaka ◽

Midori Fujishiro ◽

Kentaro Watanabe ◽

Kazuhiro Imatake ◽

Yasuyuki Suzuki ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

Japanese Population ◽

Fatty Liver Disease ◽

Anthropometric Parameters ◽

Abdominal Ultrasonography ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Adult Weight ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Limited data are available on the prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its association with adult weight gain (AWG) in the lean population. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of NAFLD and to investigate whether AWG is associated with NAFLD in the lean Japanese population. We retrospectively analyzed patients who underwent abdominal ultrasonography as part of the annual health checkup between January 2019 and December 2019. Participants were classified into two groups: those with AWG ≥ 10 kg (AWG group, n = 497), and those without gain (non-AWG group, n = 3006). To adjust for the confounding effects, we generated 482 pairs using 1:1 propensity score matching. The associations between AWG and NAFLD, anthropometric parameters and NAFLD were investigated using univariate logistic regression analysis. We identified NAFLD in 197 (5.6%) participants. AWG was significantly associated with NAFLD (odds ratio (OR), 1.81; p = 0.003). Waist circumference was significantly associated with NAFLD in both the AWG (OR, 1.24; p < 0.001) and non-AWG groups (OR, 1.17; p < 0.001). The association between body mass index and NAFLD existed in the former group (OR, 1.76; p < 0.001), but was not significant in the latter group. AWG is a risk factor for NAFLD even in the lean Japanese population, and associations between anthropometric parameters and NAFLD become stronger if AWG coexists.

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Vitamin D and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in children

Gastroenterologie a hepatologie ◽

10.48095/ccgh2021335 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 75 (4) ◽

pp. 335-343

Author(s):

Terezia Kráľová ◽

Marek Pršo ◽

Daniel Čierny ◽

Zuzana Michnová ◽

Zuzana Havlíčeková ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Vitamin D ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

Hepatic Steatosis ◽

Fatty Liver Disease ◽

Hypovitaminosis D ◽

Anthropometric Parameters ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Background: Insulin resistance (IR) plays a key role in the pathogenesis of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Hypovitaminosis D is associated with several diseases, including hepatic steatosis and obesity. Vitamin D (VD) affects insulin secretion and improves tissue sensitivity to insulin, suggesting that hypovitaminosis D is also associated with IR. The leptin-to-adiponectin ratio (LAR) was investigated as a new marker of IR. Aim: The aim of our study was to determine the association between the VD status, NAFLD and IR in paediatric overweight or obese patients. Methods: The study ran from January 2018 to August 2020 and included 100 subjects. We measured their anthropometric parameters, determined their basic laboratory parameters and the level of leptin and adiponectin, calculated BMI, WHR, WHtR, LAR and HOMA-IR. We measured the degree of hepatic steatosis by obtaining the hepatorenal index (HRI) using ultrasonography, and used real-time elastography to determine the elasticity of the liver parenchyma (LFI). Subsequently, we compared the groups of patients with and without hepatic steatosis and looked for correlations in relation to the level of VD and IR. Results: 4.4% of patients had a severe VD deficiency, 55% of the children had hypovitaminosis D, 28.6% had VD insufficiency and 12% of patients had sufficient VD levels. Patients with significant hepatic steatosis (HRI 1.5 and more) had the lowest level of VD (16.61 ±5.62 μg/l, P = 0.015). The level of VD in patients with hepatic steatosis was inversely correlated with waist circumference, hip circumference, height, weight, triacylglycerols, GMT, C-peptide, insulin, HOMA-IR, HRI and LFI. Leptin levels were highest in patients with hepatic pre-steatosis. LAR was highest in the group with hepatic steatosis, but we did not observe significant correlations in relation to other parameters. Conclusion: VD levels are inversely associated with the degree of hepatic steatosis in overweight or obese paediatric patients. HOMA-IR inversely correlates with VD levels and positively with LFI. The LAR value was highest in the group of patients with steatosis, although we did not find out any significant correlations in relation to VD status and HRI. Key words: vitamin D – non-alcoholic fatty liver disease – insulin resistance – leptin – adiponectin – obesity – childhood

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HbA1C as a Biomarker of Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease: Comparison with Anthropometric Parameters

Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology ◽

10.14218/jcth.2019.00046 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 000 (000) ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Muhammad Masroor ◽

Zeba Haque

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

Fatty Liver Disease ◽

Anthropometric Parameters ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

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Noninvasive methods of diagnosis of steatosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease

Experimental and Clinical Gastroenterology ◽

10.31146/1682-8658-ecg-177-5-61-66 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 174 (5) ◽

pp. 61-66

Author(s):

I. I. Zhirkov ◽

A. V. Gordienko ◽

I. M. Pavlovich ◽

V. Yu. Golofeevsky ◽

O. V. Makoveeva

Keyword(s):

Liver Disease ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

Fatty Liver Disease ◽

Biochemical Study ◽

Study Groups ◽

Anthropometric Parameters ◽

Noninvasive Methods ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Non Invasive ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

The aim of the research: to study the diagnostic capabilities of non-invasive methods for the diagnosis of hepatic steatosis in patients with NAFLD. Materials and methods: the study included 240 male patients aged 21 to 54 years (mean age 41,1 ± 8,1 years), 172 of them with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, 68 without this pathology. All performed measurement of anthropometric parameters, biochemical study of blood serum, ultrasound examination of the hepatobiliary zone, calculation of diagnostic indices of steatosis (FLI and HSI), non-invasive determination of the degree of steatosis on the device FibroScan with function CAP. Results: the CAP values of the FibroScan apparatus, as well as indicators of predictive steatosis indices signifi cantly (p<0,05) diff ered in the study groups; the quality of diagnostic models, estimated by the AUROC index, in the steatosis indices FLI and HIS was recognized as excellent, in the CAP values of the FibroScan apparatus as very good.

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Vitamin D levels are not associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease severity in a Brazilian population

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831/a000667 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Jeniffer Danielle M. Dutra ◽

Quelson Coelho Lisboa ◽

Silvia Marinho Ferolla ◽

Carolina Martinelli M. L. Carvalho ◽

Camila Costa M. Mendes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

Disease Severity ◽

Fatty Liver Disease ◽

Hypovitaminosis D ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Vitamin D Levels ◽

The Mean ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Abstract. Some epidemiological evidence suggests an inverse correlation between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) frequency and vitamin D levels. Likewise, a beneficial effect of vitamin D on diabetes mellitus (DM) and insulin resistance has been observed, but this is an unsolved issue. Thus, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in a NAFLD Brazilian population and its association with disease severity and presence of comorbidities. In a cross-sectional study, the clinical, biochemical and histological parameters of 139 NAFLD patients were evaluated according to two different cut-off points of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (20 ng/mL and 30 ng/mL). The mean age of the population was 56 ± 16 years, most patients were female (83%), 72% had hypertension, 88% dyslipidemia, 46% DM, 98% central obesity, and 82% metabolic syndrome. Serum vitamin D levels were < 30 ng/mL in 78% of the patients, and < 20 ng/mL in 35%. The mean vitamin D level was 24.3 ± 6.8 ng/mL. The comparison between the clinical, biochemical and histological characteristics of the patients according to the levels of vitamin D showed no significant difference. Most patients with NAFLD had hypovitaminosis D, but low vitamin D levels were not related to disease severity and the presence of comorbidities.

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Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Overweight Children and its Relationship with Retinol Serum Levels

International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research ◽

10.1024/0300-9831.78.1.27 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 78 (1) ◽

pp. 27-32 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Suano de Souza ◽

Silverio Amancio ◽

Saccardo Sarni ◽

Sacchi Pitta ◽

Fernandes ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Insulin Resistance ◽

Liver Disease ◽

Fatty Liver ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Fatty Liver Disease ◽

Thiobarbituric Acid ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Control Group ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽

Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Objectives: To evaluate the frequency of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the retinol serum levels, lipid profile, and insulin resistance in overweight/obese children. To relate these biochemical variables with the risk of this disease in the population studied. Methods: The study was cross-sectional and prospective, with 46 overweight/obese school children (28 female, 18 male; mean age 8.6 years). The control group consisted of 45 children, paired by age and gender. Hepatic steatosis, evaluated by ultrasound, was classified as normal, mild, moderate, or severe. Also evaluated were serum retinol levels; thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; lipid profile; and fasting glucose and serum insulin levels, used for the calculation of the Homeostasis Model Assessment. Results: Hepatic ultrasound alterations were found in 56.5% and 48,9% of the overweight/obese and control group children, respectively. Presence of obesity was associated with high levels of triglycerides (OR = 4.6; P = 0.002). In the studied children, the risk of steatosis was related to a trend to a higher percentage of retinol inadequacy (OR = 2.8; p = 0.051); there was no association with thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, lipid profile, or insulin resistance. Conclusions: The high frequency of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in both groups, evaluated by hepatic ultrasound, in low-socioeconomic level children, independent of nutritional condition and without significant association with insulin resistance, emphasizes that especially in developing countries, other risk factors such as micronutrient deficiencies (e.g. vitamin A) are involved.

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