Dietary intake and serum levels of trans fatty acids and risk of breast cancer: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies

To quantify the associations between dietary fats and their major components, as well as serum levels of cholesterol, and liver cancer risk, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. We searched PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to October 2020 for prospective studies that reported the risk estimates of dietary fats and serum cholesterol for liver cancer risk. We carried out highest versus lowest intake or level and dose-response analyses. Higher intake of dietary saturated fatty acids (SFA) was associated with a higher liver cancer risk in both category analysis (relative risk [RR]highest vs. lowest intake = 1.34, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.06, 1.69) and dose-response analysis (RR1% energy = 1.04, 95%CI: 1.01, 1.07). Higher serum total cholesterol was inversely associated with liver cancer but with large between-studies variability (RR1 mmol/L = 0.72, 95%CI: 0.69, 0.75, I2 = 75.3%). The inverse association was more pronounced for serum high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol (RR1 mmol/L = 0.42, 95%CI: 0.27, 0.64). Higher intake of dietary SFA was associated with higher risk of liver cancer while higher serum levels of cholesterol and HDL were associated with a lower risk of liver cancer with high between-studies variability.

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Change in risk of breast cancer after receiving hormone replacement therapy by considering effect-modifiers: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of prospective studies

Oncotarget ◽

10.18632/oncotarget.20154 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 8 (46) ◽

pp. 81109-81124 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

Kang Wang ◽

Feng Li ◽

Li Chen ◽

Yan-Mei Lai ◽

Xiang Zhang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Hormone Replacement Therapy ◽

Replacement Therapy ◽

Dose Response ◽

Prospective Studies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Hormone Replacement

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Cholesterol and breast cancer risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s000711451500183x ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 114 (3) ◽

pp. 347-357 ◽

Cited By ~ 54

Author(s):

Mathilde Touvier ◽

Philippine Fassier ◽

Mathilde His ◽

Teresa Norat ◽

Doris S. M. Chan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Breast Cancer Risk ◽

Cancer Risk ◽

Dose Response ◽

Prospective Studies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Inverse Association

The objective of the present study was to conduct the first systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies investigating the associations between total cholesterol (TC), HDL-cholesterol (HDL-C) and LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and the risk of breast cancer. Relevant studies were identified in PubMed (up to January 2014). Inclusion criteria were original peer-reviewed publications with a prospective design. Random-effects models were used to estimate summary hazard ratios (HR) and 95 % CI. Distinction was made between studies that did or did not exclude cancer cases diagnosed during the first years of follow-up, thereby eliminating potential preclinical bias. Overall, the summary HR for the association between TC and breast cancer risk was 0·97 (95 % CI 0·94, 1·00; dose–response per 1 mmol/l increment, thirteen studies), and that between HDL-C and breast cancer risk was 0·86 (95 % CI 0·69, 1·09; dose–response per 1 mmol/l increment, six studies), with high heterogeneity (I2= 67 and 47 %, respectively). For studies that eliminated preclinical bias, an inverse association was observed between the risk of breast cancer and TC (dose–response HR 0·94 (95 % CI 0·89, 0·99), seven studies, I2= 78 %; highest v. lowest HR 0·82 (95 % CI 0·66, 1·02), nine studies, I2= 81 %) and HDL-C (dose–response HR 0·81 (95 % CI 0·65, 1·02), five studies, I2= 30 %; highest v. lowest HR 0·82 (95 % CI 0·69, 0·98), five studies, I2= 0 %). There was no association observed between LDL-C and the risk of breast cancer (four studies). The present meta-analysis confirms the evidence of a modest but statistically significant inverse association between TC and more specifically HDL-C and the risk of breast cancer, supported by mechanistic plausibility from experimental studies. Further large prospective studies that adequately control for preclinical bias are needed to confirm the results on the role of cholesterol level and its fractions in the aetiology of breast cancer.

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