The self-regulatory affective touch: a speculative framework for the development of executive functioning

2022 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 167-173
Author(s):  
Teresa Farroni ◽  
Letizia Della Longa ◽  
Irene Valori
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functioning ◽  
The Self ◽  
Affective Touch

scholarly journals Reported self-control is not meaningfully associated with inhibition-related executive function: A Bayesian analysis

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Blair Saunders ◽  
Marina Milyavskaya ◽  
Alexander Etz ◽  
Daniel Randles ◽  
Michael Inzlicht
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Control Scale ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Many

Self-control is assessed using a remarkable array of measures. In a series of five data-sets (overall N = 2,641) and a mini meta-analysis, we explored the association between canonical operationalisations of self-control: The Self-Control Scale and two measures of inhibition-related executive functioning (the Stroop and Flanker paradigms). Overall, Bayesian correlational analyses suggested little-to-no relationship between self-reported self-control and performance on the Stroop and Flanker tasks. The Bayesian meta-analytical summary of all five data-sets further favoured a null relationship between both types of measurement. These results suggest that the field’s most widely used measure of self-reported self-control is uncorrelated with two of the most widely adopted executive functioning measures of self-control. Consequently, theoretical and practical conclusions drawn using one measure (e.g., the Self-Control Scale) cannot be generalised to findings using the other (e.g., the Stroop task). The lack of empirical correlation between measures of self-control do not invalidate either measure, but instead suggest that treatments of the construct of self-control need to pay greater attention to convergent validity among the many measures used to operationalize self-control.

scholarly journals Getting in Touch with the Lost Self: Vicarious and Affective Touch in Depersonalisation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Ciaunica ◽  
Jyothisa Mary Mathew ◽  
Ophelia Deroy ◽  
Merle Theresa Fairhurst
Keyword(s):  
Significant Interaction ◽  
Tactile Perception ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Other ◽  
Affective Touch ◽  
Self And Other ◽  
Online Study ◽  
Social Touch ◽  
Vividness Rating ◽  
The Relationship

We conducted an online study featuring two experiments in order to examine the relationship between depersonalization experiences (DP) (i.e. feelings of being detached from one’s self and body) and vicarious affective touch and self-touch. Experiment 1 examined to what extent DP traits modulate the perceived pleasantness and/or vividness of tactile experiences as imagined being received by the self and other. In experiment 2 we designed a new affective self-touch intervention in order to explore the effect of CT-optimal self-touch stroking on one’s dorsal forearm on the perceived pleasantness and vividness of tactile experiences as being received by the self and other. We found that low DP individuals reported higher perceived pleasantness and vividness rating for touch. By contrast, the high DP cohort rated all touch experiences as significantly less pleasant. No significant interaction effects for vividness ratings of touch experiences across low and high DP. In addition, our results suggest that people with low DP rate the perceived pleasantness of the imagined social touch experiences as received by the self higher than if received by the other. Interestingly, in high DP individuals, there is no difference in the perceived pleasantness of affective touch imagined as being received by the self vs the other. Finally, we found that both low and high DP participants, following our tailored CT-optimal affective self-touch intervention on one’s own body, report significantly higher ratings of vividness of tactile perception.

scholarly journals The Touched Self: Psychological and Philosophical Perspectives on Proximal Intersubjectivity and the Self

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Ciaunica ◽  
Aikaterini Fotopoulou
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Research ◽  
Motor System ◽  
Spatial Models ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Self ◽  
Early Infancy ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Social Exchanges ◽  
Affective Touch ◽  
Skin To Skin

Is minimal selfhood a build-in feature of our experiential life (Gallagher 2005; Zahavi 2005, 2014; Legrand 2006) or a later socio-culturally determined acquisition, emerging in the process of social exchanges and mutual interactions (Fonagy et al. 2004; Prinz 2012; Schmid 2014)? This chapter, building mainly on empirical research on affective touch and interoception, argues in favor of a reconceptualization of minimal selfhood that surpasses such debates, and their tacitly “detached,” visuo-spatial models of selfhood and otherness. Instead, the relational origins of the self are traced on fundamental principles and regularities of the human embodied condition, such as the amodal properties that govern the organization of sensorimotor signals into distinct perceptual experiences. Interactive experiences with effects on “within” and “on” the physical boundaries of the body (e.g., skin-to-skin touch) are necessary for such organization in early infancy when the motor system is not as yet developed. Therefore, an experiencing subject is not primarily understood as facing another subject “there.” Instead, the minimal self is by necessity co-constituted by other bodies in physical contact and proximal interaction.

Singing to the self: Children’s private speech, private song, and executive functioning

2019 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 130-141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan Thibodeaux ◽  
Allison Bock ◽  
Lindsey A. Hutchison ◽  
Adam Winsler
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Private Speech ◽  
The Self

scholarly journals Reported Self-control is not Meaningfully Associated with Inhibition-related Executive Function: A Bayesian Analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Blair Saunders ◽  
Marina Milyavskaya ◽  
Alexander Etz ◽  
Daniel Randles ◽  
Michael Inzlicht
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Control Scale ◽  
Two Measures ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Many

Self-control is assessed using a remarkable array of measures. In a series of five data-sets (overall N = 2,641) and a mini meta-analysis, we explored the association between canonical operationalisations of self-control: The Self-Control Scale and two measures of inhibition-related executive functioning (the Stroop and Flanker paradigms). Overall, Bayesian correlational analyses suggested little-to-no relationship between self-reported self-control and performance on the Stroop and Flanker tasks. The Bayesian meta-analytical summary of all five data-sets further favoured a null relationship between both types of measurement. These results suggest that the field’s most widely used measure of self-reported self-control is uncorrelated with two of the most widely adopted executive functioning measures of self-control. Consequently, theoretical and practical conclusions drawn using one measure (e.g., the Self-Control Scale) cannot be generalised to findings using the other (e.g., the Stroop task). The lack of empirical correlation between measures of self-control do not invalidate either measure, but instead suggest that treatments of the construct of self-control need to pay greater attention to convergent validity among the many measures used to operationalize self-control.

scholarly journals Self-other distinction modulates the social softness illusion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Pyasik ◽  
Elisabetta Fortunato ◽  
Olga Dal Monte ◽  
Selene Schintu ◽  
Francesca Garbarini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationships ◽  
Body Part ◽  
The Self ◽  
Emotional Experiences ◽  
Social Emotional ◽  
Spatial Perspective ◽  
Affective Touch ◽  
The Social

AbstractThe social softness illusion (i.e., the tendency to perceive another person's skin as softer than our own) is thought to promote the sharing of social-emotional experiences because of the rewarding properties of receiving and giving social affective touch. Here we investigated whether the ability to distinguish someone else’s body from our own modulates the social softness illusion. In particular, we tested whether the spatial perspective taken by the participants and seeing or not the touched arms could alter this illusion. Pairs of female participants were assigned the roles of either the giver (i.e., delivering the touches) or the receiver (i.e., being touched). We manipulated the location of the touch (palm or forearm), the spatial perspective of the receiver’s body with respect to the giver’s body (egocentric or allocentric perspective), and the vision of the touched body part (the giver could either see both her own and the receiver’s body part, or she was blindfolded). Consistently with previous findings, the skin of another person was perceived as softer than the own one. Additionally, the illusion was present for both the forearm and the palm, and it was stronger in allocentric compared to the egocentric perspective (i.e., when the self-other distinction was clearer). These findings show that the mechanisms underpinning the ability to represent another person’s body as distinct from our own modulates the social softness illusion, and thus support the role of the social softness illusion in fostering social relationships.

Problem behavior in autism spectrum disorders: A paradigmatic self-organized perspective of network structures

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucio Tonello ◽  
Luca Giacobbi ◽  
Alberto Pettenon ◽  
Alessandro Scuotto ◽  
Massimo Cocchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Problem Behaviors ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
The Self ◽  
Network Structures ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Critical Equilibrium ◽  
Self Organized Criticality ◽  
Acute Agitation ◽  
Spectrum Disorders

AbstractAutism spectrum disorder (ASD) subjects can present temporary behaviors of acute agitation and aggressiveness, named problem behaviors. They have been shown to be consistent with the self-organized criticality (SOC), a model wherein occasionally occurring “catastrophic events” are necessary in order to maintain a self-organized “critical equilibrium.” The SOC can represent the psychopathology network structures and additionally suggests that they can be considered as self-organized systems.

The Nature of Rapidly Extracted Phycocyanin from the Blue-Green Alga Plectonema Boryanum

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 366-367
Author(s):  
M. Kessel ◽  
R. MacColl
Keyword(s):  
Self Assembly ◽  
Analytical Ultracentrifugation ◽  
Uranyl Acetate ◽  
The Self ◽  
Major Protein ◽  
Subunit Structure ◽  
Blue Green Alga ◽  
Thin Sections ◽  
Blue Green Algae ◽  
Cacodylate Buffer

The major protein of the blue-green algae is the biliprotein, C-phycocyanin (Amax = 620 nm), which is presumed to exist in the cell in the form of distinct aggregates called phycobilisomes. The self-assembly of C-phycocyanin from monomer to hexamer has been extensively studied, but the proposed next step in the assembly of a phycobilisome, the formation of 19s subunits, is completely unknown. We have used electron microscopy and analytical ultracentrifugation in combination with a method for rapid and gentle extraction of phycocyanin to study its subunit structure and assembly.To establish the existence of phycobilisomes, cells of P. boryanum in the log phase of growth, growing at a light intensity of 200 foot candles, were fixed in 2% glutaraldehyde in 0.1M cacodylate buffer, pH 7.0, for 3 hours at 4°C. The cells were post-fixed in 1% OsO4 in the same buffer overnight. Material was stained for 1 hour in uranyl acetate (1%), dehydrated and embedded in araldite and examined in thin sections.

Interrelationship of the cellular distribution and secretion of regular structure (RS) protein in Bacillus licheniformis nm 105

1992 ◽  
Vol 50 (1) ◽  
pp. 712-713
Author(s):  
Xiaorong Zhu ◽  
Richard McVeigh ◽  
Bijan K. Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Alkaline Phosphatase ◽  
Bacillus Licheniformis ◽  
Self Assembly ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Culture Supernatant ◽  
Regular Structure ◽  
The Self ◽  
Cellular Distribution ◽  
Structural Protein ◽  
Laboratory Cultures

A mutant of Bacillus licheniformis 749/C, NM 105 exhibits some notable properties, e.g., arrest of alkaline phosphatase secretion and overexpression and hypersecretion of RS protein. Although RS is known to be widely distributed in many microbes, it is rarely found, with a few exceptions, in laboratory cultures of microorganisms. RS protein is a structural protein and has the unusual properties to form aggregate. This characteristic may have been responsible for the self assembly of RS into regular tetragonal structures. Another uncommon characteristic of RS is that enhanced synthesis and secretion which occurs when the cells cease to grow. Assembled RS protein with a tetragonal structure is not seen inside cells at any stage of cell growth including cells in the stationary phase of growth. Gel electrophoresis of the culture supernatant shows a very large amount of RS protein in the stationary culture of the B. licheniformis. It seems, Therefore, that the RS protein is cotranslationally secreted and self assembled on the envelope surface.

Self-Compassion and Quality of Life in Adults Who Stutter

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 2097-2108
Author(s):  
Robyn L. Croft ◽  
Courtney T. Byrd
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Connectedness ◽  
The Self ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
Adults Who Stutter ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this study was to identify levels of self-compassion in adults who do and do not stutter and to determine whether self-compassion predicts the impact of stuttering on quality of life in adults who stutter. Method Participants included 140 adults who do and do not stutter matched for age and gender. All participants completed the Self-Compassion Scale. Adults who stutter also completed the Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering. Data were analyzed for self-compassion differences between and within adults who do and do not stutter and to predict self-compassion on quality of life in adults who stutter. Results Adults who do and do not stutter exhibited no significant differences in total self-compassion, regardless of participant gender. A simple linear regression of the total self-compassion score and total Overall Assessment of the Speaker's Experience of Stuttering score showed a significant, negative linear relationship of self-compassion predicting the impact of stuttering on quality of life. Conclusions Data suggest that higher levels of self-kindness, mindfulness, and social connectedness (i.e., self-compassion) are related to reduced negative reactions to stuttering, an increased participation in daily communication situations, and an improved overall quality of life. Future research should replicate current findings and identify moderators of the self-compassion–quality of life relationship.

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