The in vivo and in vitro corrosion of high-purity magnesium and magnesium alloys WZ21 and AZ91

2013 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 354-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nor Ishida Zainal Abidin ◽  
Barbara Rolfe ◽  
Helen Owen ◽  
Julian Malisano ◽  
Darren Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Alloys ◽  
High Purity

Comparison of High Purity Factor IX Concentrates and a Prothrombin Complex Concentrate in a Canine Model of Thrombogenicity

1991 ◽  
Vol 66 (05) ◽  
pp. 609-613 ◽  
Author(s):  
I R MacGregor ◽  
J M Ferguson ◽  
L F McLaughlin ◽  
T Burnouf ◽  
C V Prowse
Keyword(s):  
High Purity ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Prothrombin Complex Concentrate ◽  
Degradation Products ◽  
Canine Model ◽  
Factor Ix ◽  
In Vitro Tests ◽  
Albumin Infusion

SummaryA non-stasis canine model of thrombogenicity has been used to evaluate batches of high purity factor IX concentrates from 4 manufacturers and a conventional prothrombin complex concentrate (PCC). Platelets, activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), fibrinogen, fibrin(ogen) degradation products and fibrinopeptide A (FPA) were monitored before and after infusion of concentrate. Changes in FPA were found to be the most sensitive and reproducible indicator of thrombogenicity after infusion of batches of the PCC at doses of between 60 and 180 IU/kg, with a dose related delayed increase in FPA occurring. Total FPA generated after 100-120 IU/kg of 3 batches of PCC over the 3 h time course was 9-12 times that generated after albumin infusion. In contrast the amounts of FPA generated after 200 IU/kg of the 4 high purity factor IX products were in all cases similar to albumin infusion. It was noted that some batches of high purity concentrates had short NAPTTs indicating that current in vitro tests for potential thrombogenicity may be misleading in predicting the effects of these concentrates in vivo.

In vitro and in vivo studies on the degradation of high-purity Mg (99.99wt.%) screw with femoral intracondylar fractured rabbit model

Biomaterials ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 64 ◽  
pp. 57-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Han ◽  
Pengfei Cheng ◽  
Shaoxiang Zhang ◽  
Changli Zhao ◽  
Jiahua Ni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Purity ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
In Vivo Studies

In vitro and in vivo studies on magnesium alloys to evaluate the feasibility of their use in obstetrics and gynecology

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 ◽  
pp. 623-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guo Bao ◽  
Qianqian Fan ◽  
Dongfeng Ge ◽  
Mingming Sun ◽  
Hui Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Alloys ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Obstetrics And Gynecology

Biodegradable Magnesium Implant: In Vivo and In Vitro Convergence

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeoheung Yun ◽  
Yongseok Jang ◽  
Juan Wang ◽  
Zhongyun Dong ◽  
Vesselin Shanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Alloys ◽  
Product Formation ◽  
In Vitro Test ◽  
Biodegradable Implant ◽  
Plasma Electrolyte ◽  
Vitro Test ◽  
Plasma Electrolyte Oxidation ◽  
Biodegradable Magnesium

In recent years, magnesium alloys have emerged as possible biodegradable implant material. A fundamental understanding of the nature of magnesium corrosion and the ability to control this process in vivo is critical to advancing the case for clinical use of magnesium based biomaterials. The biodegradation of magnesium is fundamentally linked to studies of its corrosion, which is dependent on the interfacing dynamics between the material and its environment. Thus, it is required to confirm what variable differentiate the corrosion behavior between in vitro and in vivo before optimizing and standardizing of in vitro test. This study was conducted to understand the biodegradation behavior of commercial AZ31 and Mg-Zn-Ca alloys with plasma electrolyte oxidation (PEO) under various biological environments using in vivo and in vitro testing methods mimicking in vivo physiological environment. This study is focused on the effect of Zn element concentration and PEO coating for magnesium alloys, and the correlation between the in vivo and in vitro in terms of corrosion rate, types of corrosion and corrosion product formation.

scholarly journals Magnesium Implants: Prospects and Challenges

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parama Chakraborty Banerjee ◽  
Saad Al-Saadi ◽  
Lokesh Choudhary ◽  
Shervin Eslami Harandi ◽  
Raman Singh
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Magnesium Alloys ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Corrosion Rates ◽  
High Corrosion ◽  
Significant Attention

Owing to their suitable mechanical property and biocompatibility as well as the technological possibility of controlling their high corrosion rates, magnesium and its alloys have attracted significant attention as temporary bio-implants. Though the ability of magnesium to harmlessly biodegrade and its inherent biocompatibility make magnesium alloys a suitable choice for a temporary implant, their high corrosion rates limit their practical application, as the implants can potentially corrode away even before the healing process has completed. Different approaches, such as alloying, surface modification, and conversion coatings, have been explored to improve the corrosion resistance of various magnesium alloys. However, the corrosion behavior of magnesium implants with and without a surface modification has been generally investigated under in-vitro conditions, and studies under in-vivo conditions are limited, which has contributed to the lack of translation of magnesium implants in practical applications. This paper comprehensively reviews the prospects of magnesium alloy implants and the current challenges due to their rapid degradation in a physiological environment. This paper also provides a comprehensive review of the corrosion mitigation measures for these temporary implants.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Prebiotic Effects of High-Purity Galactooligosaccharides in vitro and in vivo

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ki Bae Hong ◽  
◽  
Jae Hwan Kim ◽  
Hyuk Kon Kwon ◽  
Sung Hee Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Purity

scholarly journals Comparative Assessment of In Vitro and In Vivo Biodegradation of Mg-1Ca Magnesium Alloys for Orthopedic Applications

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 84
Author(s):  
Iulian Antoniac ◽  
Răzvan Adam ◽  
Ana Biță ◽  
Marian Miculescu ◽  
Octavian Trante ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Alloys ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Hydrogen Release ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Promising Solution ◽  
Small Bones ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Orthopedic Applications

Use of magnesium implants is a new trend in orthopedic research because it has several important properties that recommend it as an excellent resorbable biomaterial for implants. In this study, the corrosion rate and behavior of magnesium alloys during the biodegradation process were determined by in vitro assays, evolution of hydrogen release, and weight loss, and further by in vivo assays (implantation in rabbits’ bone and muscle tissue). In these tests, we also used imaging assessments and histological examination of different tissue types near explants. In our study, we analyzed the Mg-1Ca alloy and all the hypotheses regarding the toxic effects found in in vitro studies from the literature and those from this in vitro study were rejected by the data obtained by the in vivo study. Thus, the Mg-1Ca alloy represents a promising solution for orthopedic surgery at the present time, being able to find applicability in the small bones: hand or foot.

scholarly journals Biocompatibility Evaluation of PEO-treated Magnesium Alloy Implants Placed in Rabbit Femur Condyle Notches and Paravertebral Muscles

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seong Ryoung Kim ◽  
Keon Mo Lee ◽  
Jin Hong Kim ◽  
Young Jin Choi ◽  
Han Ick Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Magnesium Alloys ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Hydrogen Gas ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Inflammatory Reactions ◽  
Paravertebral Muscles ◽  
Femur Condyle

Abstract Background: Magnesium alloys have been receiving much attention for use in biodegradable metal implants because of their excellent mechanical properties and biocompatibility. However, their rapid breakdown and low bioactivity can cause the implant to lose mechanical integrity before the bone is completely healed. Moreover, hydrogen gas released during degradation can significantly delay the tissue regeneration process. To solve the instability of magnesium alloys, Zn and Ca can be added to improve the mechanical properties and biocompatibility. One other way to improve the mechanical properties of Mg is plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO), which provides a dense, thick ceramic-like coating on the Mg surface. In this study, high-purity Mg was selected as the control, and Mg-1wt%Zn-0.1wt%Ca alloy and PEO-treated Mg-1wt%Zn-0.1wt%Ca alloy were selected as the test materials; the results of radiographic and histological analyses of their biocompatibility are reported herein. Materials and method: Nineteen New Zealand white rabbits were used in the study. Rod-bars (Ø2.7x13.6mm) were placed on both paravertebral muscles, and cannulated screws (Ø2.7x10mm) were placed on both femur condyle notches. Each animal was implanted in all four sites. X-rays were taken at 0, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks, micro-CT, and live-CT were taken at 4, 8, and 12 weeks. At weeks 4, 8, and 12, individuals representing each group were selected and sacrificed to prepare specimens for histopathological examination. Result: The results confirm that in vivo, Mg-1wt%Zn-0.1wt%Ca alloy had higher corrosion resistance than high-purity Mg and safely degraded over time without causing possible side effects (foreign body or inflammatory reactions, etc.). In addition, PEO treatment of Mg-1wt%Zn-0.1wt%Ca alloy had a positive effect on fracture recovery by increasing the bonding area with bone. Conclusion: Our results suggest that PEO treatment of Mg-1wt%Zn-0.1wt%Ca alloy can be a promising biomaterials in the field of various clinical situations such as orthopedic and maxillofacial surgerys.

Abstract 9: Development And Testing Of A Human Induced Pluripotetent Stem Cell Derived Cardiac Scaffold

2014 ◽  
Vol 115 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan J Lancaster ◽  
Pablo Sanchez ◽  
Elizabeth Juneman ◽  
Kyle Weigand ◽  
Josehp J Bahl ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
High Purity ◽  
Electromechanical Coupling ◽  
Dermal Fibroblasts ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Lv Function ◽  
Coronary Artery Ligation ◽  
In Vivo Evaluation

Introduction: Cell-based regenerative therapies hold promise in providing treatment strategies for heart failure. Previous work from our laboratory has shown that tissue engineered cardiac constructs enhance improvements in cardiac function by providing structural and nutrient support, potentially aiding in transplanted cell survival, integration and re-population of injured tissues. Our current studies focus on the development and testing of second-generation cardiac constructs utilizing high purity human induced pluripotent stem cell derived cardiomyocytes (hiPSC-CMs). Methods: High purity hiPSC-CMs were seeded and co-cultured onto a vicryl matrix embedded with biologically active human dermal fibroblasts. The hiPSC-CM constructs were maintained at 37°C and 5% CO2. Patches were constructed maintained as described for both in vitro and in vivo evaluation. Patches for in vivo evaluation were seeded, cultured and implanted onto the rat heart 3 weeks after left coronary artery ligation to assess improvements in LV function. Patches prepared for in vitro evaluation were seeded and cultured 1-10 days. Results: Patches constructed with hiPSC-CMs displayed synchronized and spontaneous contractions within 48hrs of culture which developed in robustness over time. At maximal robustness, contractions were visualized across the full thickness of the construct. Contractions were recorded at 36+5 beats BPM. In addition hiPSC-CM constructs respond to electrical stimulation with increased rate of contraction while maintaining their synchrony. Post pacing, the hiPSC-CM constructs return to their intrinsic rhythm. Conclusion: These findings show that high purity hiPSC-CMs can be seeded and co-cultured onto a vicryl and fibroblast construct in manner permitting adhesion and electromechanical coupling of the hiPSC-CMs to form a fully contractile construct. This is supported by the observation that the hiPSC-CMs contract spontaneously and in a synchronized manner in a directional fashion.

In vitro and in vivo corrosion measurements of magnesium alloys

Biomaterials ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 1013-1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank Witte ◽  
Jens Fischer ◽  
Jens Nellesen ◽  
Horst-Artur Crostack ◽  
Volker Kaese ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnesium Alloys
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