scholarly journals Expression analysis of hormonal pathways and defense associated genes in gamma-rays mutagenized wheat genotypes against combined stresses of spot blotch and terminal heat

2021 ◽  
pp. 100234
Author(s):  
G Mahendra Singh ◽  
S SrinathaReddy ◽  
Gaurav Sharma ◽  
Suman Bakshi ◽  
Uttam Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Spot Blotch ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Combined Stresses

scholarly journals Whole Genome Sequencing and Expression Analysis of ToxA in Bipolaris Sorokiniana Provides Discernment of Pathogenicity Causing Spot Blotch of Wheat

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rashmi Aggarwal ◽  
Shweta Agarwal ◽  
Sapna Sharma ◽  
Malkhan Singh Gurjar ◽  
Bishnu Maya Bashyal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Gc Content ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Spot Blotch ◽  
Secretory Proteins ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
In Planta ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Average Gene Density

Abstract Background: Spot blotch disease of wheat caused by Bipolaris sorokiniana Boerma (Sacc.) is an emerging problem in South Asian countries. In this study, whole genome of highly virulent isolate of Bipolaris sorokiniana (BS112) was sequenced, pathogenicity related gene(s) were identified and role of ToxA gene in spot blotch disease development was established.Results: Bipolaris sorokiniana isolate BS112 infecting wheat was sequenced using hybrid assembly approach. The assembly size of the genome was 35.64Mb (GenBank accession number RCTM00000000) with GC content of 50.2%, providing coverage of 97.6% on reference ND90Pr genome. Average gene density predicted was 250-300 genes/Mb. A total of 235 scaffolds were obtained using pyScaf assembler with N50 of 16,54,800 bp. In addition, 152 transcription factors involved in various biological processes were identified and a total of 682 secretory proteins were predicted using secretome analysis. ToxA gene (535bp) was analyzed and identified in the genome of B. sorokiniana which revealed 100% homology with ToxA gene of Pyrenophora tritici repentis. Further, ToxA gene was amplified, sequenced and validated in the 39 isolates of B. sorokiniana which confirmed the presence of ToxA gene in all the isolates of B. sorokiniana. All these ToxA sequences were submitted in NCBI database (MN601358-MN601396). As ToxA gene interacts with Tsn1 gene of host, 13 wheat genotypes were evaluated for the Tsn1 gene and five genotypes (38.4%) were found to be Tsn1 positive with more severe necrotic lesions compared to Tsn1 negative wheat genotypes. In vitro expression analysis of ToxA gene in B. sorokiniana isolate (BS112) using qPCR revealed maximum upregulation (14.67 fold) at 1st day after inoculation (DAI). Further, in planta expression analysis of ToxA gene in Tsn1 positive and Tsn1 negative genotypes, Agra local and Chiriya 7 respectively was also conducted. Results revealed maximum expression (7.89 fold) of ToxA gene in Tsn1 positive genotype, Agra local at 5th DAI compared to Tsn1 negative genotype Chiriya 7 which showed minimum expression (0.048 fold) at 5th DAI. Conclusions: Full genome of B. sorokiniana was sequenced; secreted proteins and virulence genes were identified in the genome. ToxA gene was validated in thirty nine isolates of B. sorokiniana. In planta ToxA-Tsn1 interaction studies established that spot blotch disease is more severe in Tsn1 positive genotypes. This genomic resource will provide a new insight into better understanding and management of spot blotch disease and B. sorokiniana of wheat.

Comparative Temporal Expression Analysis of MicroRNAs and Their Target Genes in Contrasting Wheat Genotypes During Osmotic Stress

2016 ◽  
Vol 181 (2) ◽  
pp. 613-626 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amandeep Kaur ◽  
Om Prakesh Gupta ◽  
Nand Lal Meena ◽  
Anita Grewal ◽  
Pradeep Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Expression Analysis ◽  
Target Genes ◽  
Temporal Expression ◽  
Wheat Genotypes

scholarly journals Effect of Date of Sowing on the Performance of Drought Tolerant Wheat Genotypes to Spot Blotch at Rampur, Chitwan , Nepal

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 266-271
Author(s):  
L. Aryal ◽  
S. M. Shrestha ◽  
G. B. K.C.
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Spot Blotch ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Sowing Dates ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Late Sowing ◽  
Plot Design

A research was conducted in field to elucidate the response of 20 twenty drought tolerant wheat genotypes to spot blotch. Field experiment was carried out in Agronomy block of IAAS, Rampur, Chitwan in split plot design with three replications, considering 25 November as normal sowing and 15 December as late sowing dates taking them as main factors and genotypes as sub factors. Grain yield was 2.50 t ha-1 on 25 November sowing and 2.03 t ha-1 on 15 December sowing. Similarly thousand kernel weight was 37.50 g on 25 November sowing and 32.82 g on 15 December sowing.  Aditya, CSISA DRYT 5204 and CSISA DRYT 5205 had less than 13% grain yield and TKW reduction when sown in late condition also. From the experiment it is concluded that these three genotypes can be sown in late condition as they were resistant to spot blotch and heat stress.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ijasbt.v1i4.9180 Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol. 1(4): 266-271

scholarly journals Chlorophyll content measurement of drought tolerant wheat genotypes sown at normal and late conditions as an indicator of spot blotch resistance

2018 ◽  
pp. 65-72
Author(s):  
L. Aryal ◽  
S. M. Shrestha ◽  
G. B. Khatri-Chhetri ◽  
D. Bhandari
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Spot Blotch ◽  
Animal Science ◽  
Stay Green ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Spad Value ◽  
Kernel Weights ◽  
Drought Tolerant ◽  
Sowing Dates

 A field experiment was conducted at Agronomy block of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science (IAAS), Rampur to evaluate chlorophyll content of 20 drought tolerant wheat genotypes as a parameter of stay green character and spot blotch response. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with three replications, considering 25 November as normal sowing and 15 December as late sowing dates. Of the tested genotypes, Aditya had highest SPAD value (46.67) with least AUDPC (146) on flag leaf on 25 November sowing and higher SPAD value (43.57) with lower AUDPC (161) on 15 December sowing. Similarly, CSISA DRYT 5204 and CSISA DRYT 5205 had moderate SPAD values with AUDPC value at par with Aditya. Aditya with low AUDPC possessed longer stay green days (118.3) on 25 November sowing and shorter green days (107.5) on 15 December sowing. The susceptible check variety RR-21 possessed shorter stay green days (113.6) with SPAD value (35.7) on 25 November sowing and 100.4 days of stay green with SPAD value (31.23) on 15 December sowing. Aditya also had highest grain yields and thousand kernel weights on both the 25 November and 15 December sowing. The results showed Aditya, CSISA DRYT 5204 and CSISA DYRT 5205 were having longer period of stay green with higher SPAD and low AUDPC values and thus these three genotypes can be recommended for late sown conditions. Journal of the Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science. Vol. 33-34, 2015, Page: 65-72

Use of Gamma Rays and Hybridization to Create New Drought Tolerant Wheat Genotypes

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 282-299
Author(s):  
A. Al-Naggar ◽  
Kh. Al-Azab ◽  
S. Sobieh ◽  
M. Atta
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Rays ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Drought Tolerant

Spot blotch and terminal heat stress tolerance in south Asian spring wheat genotypes

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (4) ◽  
pp. 425-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
U. Rosyara ◽  
S. Subedi ◽  
R. Sharma ◽  
E. Duveiller
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
South Asian ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Physiological Mechanism ◽  
Spot Blotch ◽  
Kernel Weight ◽  
Yield Losses ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Terminal Heat Stress ◽  
Significant Yield

Terminal heat stress and spot blotch disease (caused by Cochliobolus sativus ) are the most important stresses responsible for significant yield losses every year in warm South Asian plains. Both of these stresses are very severe in late planted wheat, which is common in rice-wheat and rice-rice-wheat cropping systems. The development of genotypes tolerant to both stresses might be very useful for increasing yield and reducing yield losses. Information is limited on how different genotypes respond to both stresses (individually and combined) and on the degree of tolerance present in South Asian wheat genotypes. The study was done to evaluate the tolerance of South Asian wheat genotypes to both stresses by comparing the stress factor susceptibility index (SFSI). Eleven diverse South Asian genotypes were evaluated under spot blotch stress (non-fungicide protected plots), heat stress (late planted and fungicide protected), both stresses (non-fungicide protected and late planted) and normal planting situations (fungicide protected and normal season planted) at Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal. Both stresses reduced the grain yield and thousand-kernel weight (TKW), but not other yield components, including grains/spike and spikelets/spike. Genotypes BL 1473, Gautam and NL971 were moderately to highly tolerant to both types of stress. Generally genotypes that are tolerant or resistant to spot blotch also showed tolerance to heat stress, suggesting a common physiological mechanism to combat both stresses in tolerant genotypes.

scholarly journals Molecular basis of resistance in wheat varieties against spot blotch disease

2009 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Udai Prakash Singh ◽  
Ramji Singh
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽  
Spot Blotch ◽  
Resistance Response ◽  
Wheat Varieties ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Genetic Base ◽  
Moderately Resistant ◽  
Genotype A ◽  
Susceptible Response

During present investigation, among the six wheat genotypes tested against six isolates of Bipolaris sorokiniana, the genotype BOW‘S’ showed resistance response against three isolates, namely, BS-D-1, BS-DWRK-2 and BS-K-4, whereas moderately resistance response against remaining 3 isolates i.e. BS-F-3, BS-P-5 and BS-V-6.The genotype A-9-30-1 showed almost highly susceptible response against each isolate except BS-D-1 which exhibited susceptible reaction on this genotype. Thus, it is clear that genotype BOW ‘S’ has broad genetic base for resistance, whereas genotype A-9-30-1 has no gene for resistance against these six isolates tested. Remaining five genotypes showed varying response, ranging from highly susceptible, susceptible, moderately susceptible, moderately resistant and resistant against various isolates of B. sorokiniana tested.

scholarly journals Evaluation of wheat genotypes for resistance against spot blotch disease

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 272-274
Author(s):  
CHANDAN KUMAR SINGH ◽  
SAVITA GUPTA ◽  
N.K. TIWARI ◽  
DHARMENDRA SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Spot Blotch ◽  
Wheat Genotypes
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