A review of weed management in wheat using crop competition

Weed Management in Small Grains Harvested for Grain

EDIS ◽

10.32473/edis-wg009-2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Jason Ferrell ◽

Gregory MacDonald ◽

Pratap Devkota

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Weed Management ◽

Chemical Control ◽

Management Practices ◽

Good Management ◽

Small Grains ◽

Crop Competition

Successful weed control in small grains involves using good management practices in all phases of production. In Florida, winter weeds compete with small grains for moisture, nutrients, and light, with the greatest amount of competition occurring during the first six to eight weeks after planting. Weeds also cause harvest problems the following spring when the small grain is mature. This 4-page publication discusses crop competition, knowing your weeds, and chemical control. Written by J. A. Ferrell, G. E. MacDonald, and P. Devkota, and published by the UF/IFAS Agronomy Department, revised May 2020.

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Weed management using crop competition in the United States: A review

Crop Protection ◽

10.1016/j.cropro.2016.06.021 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 95 ◽

pp. 31-37 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Prashant Jha ◽

Vipan Kumar ◽

Rakesh K. Godara ◽

Bhagirath S. Chauhan

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Weed Management ◽

The United States ◽

Crop Competition

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Weed management in maize using crop competition: A review

Crop Protection ◽

10.1016/j.cropro.2016.05.008 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 88 ◽

pp. 28-36 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Blessing Mhlanga ◽

Bhagirath Singh Chauhan ◽

Christian Thierfelder

Keyword(s):

Weed Management ◽

Crop Competition

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Weed Control in Cucurbit Crops (Muskmelon, Cucumber, Squash, and Watermelon)

EDIS ◽

10.32473/edis-wg029-2007 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 2008 (1) ◽

Author(s):

William M. Stall

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Weed Management ◽

Control Methods ◽

Mechanical Control ◽

Fact Sheet ◽

Crop Competition

Revised! HS-190, a 6-page fact sheet by William M. Stall, describes recommended weed control methods for Florida producers, describing crop competition, mechanical control, mulching, and herbicides. Includes a table of chemical weed controls for cucurbit crops in Florida. Published by the UF Department of Agronomy, November 2007. HS190/WG029: Weed Management in Cucurbit Crops (Muskmelon, Cucumber, Squash, and Watermelon) (ufl.edu)

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Canopy Measurements as Predictors of Weed-Crop Competition

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500094261 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 511-516 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

J. I. Vitta ◽

C. Fernandez Quintanilla

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Crop Yield ◽

Weed Management ◽

Yield Losses ◽

Weed Density ◽

Damage Coefficient ◽

Relative Damage ◽

Weed Cover ◽

Better Than ◽

Crop Competition

The development of weed management systems requires accurate prediction of weed-crop competition. In this paper, simple regression models of crop yield losses based on weed density and weed leaf area are compared. In weed leaf area models, variations in the relative damage coefficient (q) were also analyzed. Finally, three simple methods to assess weed cover were compared: visual, photographic, and optic device assessment. Leaf area models were at least as accurate as weed density models. However, the generality of the leaf area models was restricted by changes in q, according to the date of leaf area evaluation and the year. Although all methods to assess weed cover correlated adequately with weed leaf area, visual estimates were the best to predict crop yield losses perhaps because very low levels of weed leaf area could be distinguished visually better than by other methods.

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Effect of Postplant Tillage and Crop Density on Broadleaf Weed Control in Dry Pea (Pisum sativum) and Lentil (Lens culinaris)

Weed Technology ◽

10.1017/s0890037x00023022 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 99-106 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Chris M. Boerboom ◽

Frank L. Young

Keyword(s):

Pisum Sativum ◽

Weed Control ◽

Crop Yield ◽

Weed Management ◽

Lens Culinaris ◽

Crop Density ◽

Growing Conditions ◽

One Year ◽

Favorable Conditions ◽

Crop Competition

Increased crop densities and postplant tillage were evaluated as nonchemical methods to supplement metribuzin for improved broadleaf weed control in dry pea and lentil. The effects of 50, 100, and 150% of recommended 220 kg/ha pea and 67 kg/ha lentil seeding rates and two dates of rotary hoeing and harrowing on pea, lentil, and broadleaf weeds were studied with and without metribuzin for two years. Under favorable growing conditions, crop competition gave 72 and 99% weed control in pea and 33 and 70% weed control in lentil with the 50 and 150% seeding rates. Under less favorable conditions, control was 21 to 39% with the low and high pea and lentil seeding rates. At recommended seeding rates, metribuzin gave greater than 90% control in either crop or year. Postplant tillage 12 to 27 d after planting slightly reduced crop densities in three tillage treatments in one year, but not the second. Postplant tillage did not affect crop yield or improve weed control. In all studies, pea was similar to or more competitive than lentil in suppressing broadleaf weeds. Because neither non-chemical practice significantly improves weed control, changes are not recommended for weed management in pea and lentil.

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Landscape Is the Main Driver of Weed Assemblages in Field Margins but Is Outperformed by Crop Competition in Field Cores

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10102131 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (10) ◽

pp. 2131

Author(s):

Adrien Berquer ◽

Olivier Martin ◽

Sabrina Gaba

Keyword(s):

Weed Management ◽

Structural Equation ◽

Crop Production ◽

Empirical Support ◽

Field Margins ◽

Field Margin ◽

Weed Diversity ◽

Spatial Dispersal ◽

Intensively Managed ◽

Crop Competition

Weeds are considered a major pest for crops, and as such have been intensively managed by farmers. However, weeds, by providing resources, also support farmland biodiversity. The challenge for sustainable weed management is therefore to maintain weed diversity without compromising crop production. Meeting this challenge requires determining the processes that shape weed assemblages, and how agricultural practices and landscape arrangement affect them. In this study, we assess the effects of crop competition on weeds, nitrogen input, weed control and landscape on both weed diversity and abundance in the margins and centres of 115 oilseed rape fields in Western France. We show that weed assemblages in field cores were mainly shaped by crop height, a proxy of crop competition. By contrast, weed assemblages in field margins increased with the number of meadows in the landscape, revealing the role of spatial dispersal. Using structural equation modelling, we further show that in the field core, weed assemblages were also indirectly shaped by landscape through spatial dispersal from the field margin. Overall, our study gives empirical support for crop competition as a way to reduce the intensity of chemical weeding, and for meadows as a way to enhance biodiversity in the landscape.

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Effect of planting time and row spacing on growth and seed production of junglerice (Echinochloa colona) and feather fingergrass (Chloris virgata) in sorghum

Weed Technology ◽

10.1017/wet.2021.60 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-17

Author(s):

Caleb Squires ◽

Gulshan Mahajan ◽

Michael Walsh ◽

Bhagirath S. Chauhan

Keyword(s):

Seed Production ◽

Weed Management ◽

Management Program ◽

Weed Suppression ◽

Integrated Weed Management ◽

Row Spacing ◽

Late Planting ◽

Planting Time ◽

Narrow Row ◽

Crop Competition

Abstract Junglerice and feather fingergrass are major problematic weeds in the summer sorghum cropping areas of Australia. The objectives of this study were to investigate the growth and seed production of junglerice and feather fingergrass in crop-free (fallow) and under competition with sorghum planted in 50 cm and 100 cm row spacings at three sorghum planting and weed emergence timing. Results revealed that junglerice and feather fingergrass had greater biomass in early planting (November 11) compared with late planting time (January 11). Under fallow conditions, seed production of junglerice ranged from 12,380-20,280 seeds plant−1; with the highest seed production for the December 11 and lowest for the January 11 planting. Seed production of feather fingergrass under fallow conditions ranged from 90,030 to 143,180 seeds plant−1. Seed production of feather fingergrass under crop-free (fallow) was similar for November 11 and December 11 planting, but higher for the January 11 planting. Sorghum crop competition at both row spacings reduced the seed production of junglerice and feather fingergrass >75% compared to non-crop fallow. Narrow row spacing (50 cm) in early and mid- planted sorghum (November 11 and December 11) reduced the biomass of junglerice to a greater extent (88%-92% over fallow grown plants) compared with wider row spacing (100 cm). Narrow row spacing was found superior in reducing biomass of feather fingergrass compared with wider row spacing. Our results demonstrate that sorghum crops can substantially reduce biomass and seed production of junglerice and feather fingergrass through crop competition compared with growth in fallow conditions. Narrow row spacing (50 cm) was found superior to wider row spacing (100 cm) in terms of weed suppression. These results suggest that narrow row spacing and late planting time of sorghum crops can strengthen an integrated weed management program against these weeds by reducing weed growth and seed production.

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