Effect of Postplant Tillage and Crop Density on Broadleaf Weed Control in Dry Pea (Pisum sativum) and Lentil (Lens culinaris)

Increased crop densities and postplant tillage were evaluated as nonchemical methods to supplement metribuzin for improved broadleaf weed control in dry pea and lentil. The effects of 50, 100, and 150% of recommended 220 kg/ha pea and 67 kg/ha lentil seeding rates and two dates of rotary hoeing and harrowing on pea, lentil, and broadleaf weeds were studied with and without metribuzin for two years. Under favorable growing conditions, crop competition gave 72 and 99% weed control in pea and 33 and 70% weed control in lentil with the 50 and 150% seeding rates. Under less favorable conditions, control was 21 to 39% with the low and high pea and lentil seeding rates. At recommended seeding rates, metribuzin gave greater than 90% control in either crop or year. Postplant tillage 12 to 27 d after planting slightly reduced crop densities in three tillage treatments in one year, but not the second. Postplant tillage did not affect crop yield or improve weed control. In all studies, pea was similar to or more competitive than lentil in suppressing broadleaf weeds. Because neither non-chemical practice significantly improves weed control, changes are not recommended for weed management in pea and lentil.

Download Full-text

Manipulation of sunflower population density and herbicide rate for economical and sustainable weed management

ROMANIAN BIOTECHNOLOGICAL LETTERS ◽

10.25083/rbl/26.4/2751-2758 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (4) ◽

pp. 2751-2758

Author(s):

EDITA ŠTEFANIĆ ◽

SLAVICA ANTUNOVIĆ ◽

BOŽICA JAPUNDŽIĆ-PALENKIĆ ◽

DINKO ZIMA

Keyword(s):

Population Density ◽

Weed Control ◽

Crop Yield ◽

Weed Management ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Control Efficacy ◽

Economic Return ◽

Crop Density ◽

Herbicide Treatments ◽

Weed Infestation

Field study tested weed control efficacy, crop yield and economic return using various weed management strategies in sunflower growing with different population density. Treatments included four rates of PRE emergence application of S-metolachlor + fluchloridon and one POST emergence application of flumioxazin + quizalofop-pethyl. PRE-em application (1.4 + 2.4 and 1.2 + 2.0) provided at the higher crop densities (70 000) best weed control. However, PRE- em treatments with lower doses (0.8 + 1.6 and 1.0 + 1.8) and POST- em application did not maintain acceptable control of dominant weeds. Grain yield increased with the crop density, but did not statistically differ between applied herbicide treatments. Finally, the implication of this study demonstrated that sole application of tested herbicide treatments at higher crop sowing density (60 000 and 70 000) was found to be economically the best alternative strategy for reducing weed infestation and achieving a better yield.

Download Full-text

Weed Management in Small Grains Harvested for Grain

EDIS ◽

10.32473/edis-wg009-2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Jason Ferrell ◽

Gregory MacDonald ◽

Pratap Devkota

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Weed Management ◽

Chemical Control ◽

Management Practices ◽

Good Management ◽

Small Grains ◽

Crop Competition

Successful weed control in small grains involves using good management practices in all phases of production. In Florida, winter weeds compete with small grains for moisture, nutrients, and light, with the greatest amount of competition occurring during the first six to eight weeks after planting. Weeds also cause harvest problems the following spring when the small grain is mature. This 4-page publication discusses crop competition, knowing your weeds, and chemical control. Written by J. A. Ferrell, G. E. MacDonald, and P. Devkota, and published by the UF/IFAS Agronomy Department, revised May 2020.

Download Full-text

Round-leaved Mallow (Malva pusilla) Interference in Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum) and Lentil (Lens culinaris) in Saskatchewan

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500081364 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 43 (3) ◽

pp. 381-388 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Roberte M. D. Makowski

Keyword(s):

Crop Yield ◽

Spring Wheat ◽

Lens Culinaris ◽

Yield Loss ◽

Yield Losses ◽

Variable Model ◽

Early Season ◽

Crop Density ◽

Density And Biomass ◽

Tiller Density

The competitive ability of annual round-leaved mallow was determined in spring wheat and lentil at Indian Head and Regina, Saskatchewan, in 1985 and 1986 using paired quadrats. Significant biomass and seed yield loss occurred in three of four tests in lentil and two of three tests in spring wheat. Differences in numbers of wheat tillers produced between weedy and weed-free plots were found in three of four tests. A two-variable model comprised of early season crop density loss and round-leaved mallow biomass best accounted for the majority of variation in crop yield loss for both lentil and wheat, and tiller density loss in wheat. In 1985 at Indian Head, where no yield loss occurred for either wheat or lentil, round-leaved mallow had been seeded immediately before the crop. Greater yield losses occurred at Regina, in the presence of an older, well-established infestation. In the years and locations with the greatest crop yield losses, round-leaved mallow emerged before the crop causing poor crop emergence. At Regina in 1986, crop yield losses were more than 60% in wheat and 90 to 100% in lentil because of large differences in crop density between weed-free and weedy subplots. Round-leaved mallow exhibited great variability in growth, producing more biomass per plant, more capsules per plant, and more capsules per gram of biomass in the less competitive crop, lentil, than in wheat. Density and biomass of round-leaved mallow were not correlated; with a density of 200 plants m−2, round-leaved mallow biomass in wheat ranged from 100 to 500 g m−2; while in lentil, from 200 to as high as 1000 g m−2, approximately double the range found in wheat. The type of round-leaved mallow infestation (newly seeded or well-established) and environmental conditions (mainly early season precipitation) account for differences between sites and between years.

Download Full-text

The Effect of Different Weed Management Strategies on the Growth and Yield of Direct-Seeded Dry Rice (Oryza sativa)

Planta Daninha ◽

10.1590/s0100-83582016340100006 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 34 (1) ◽

pp. 57-64 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

S. MUHAMMAD ◽

I. MUHAMMAD ◽

A. SAJID ◽

L. MUHAMMAD ◽

A. MAQSHOOF ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Crop Yield ◽

Weed Management ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Control Measures ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Primary Concern ◽

Herbicide Treatment ◽

Direct Seeded ◽

Hand Weeding

Weed management is a primary concern in direct seeded rice (DSR) cropping because weed growth becomes a major constraint on crop yield. A two year field study was set up to evaluate the effect of various weed control measures on crop growth, grain yield and grain quality of DSR. The experiment involved five different weed control measures: hand weeding, hoeing, inter-row tine cultivation, inter-row spike hoeing and herbicide treatment (Nominee 100 SC). The extent of weed control (compared to a non-weeded control) ranged from 50-95%. The highest crop yield was obtained using hand weeding. Hand weeding, tine cultivation and herbicide treatment raised the number of fertile rice tillers formed per unit area and the thousand grain weight. Tine cultivation provided an effective and economical level of weed control in the DSR crop.

Download Full-text

The influence of weed management on the growth and yield of direct seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.)

10.7287/peerj.preprints.831 ◽

2015 ◽

Author(s):

Muhammad Saqib ◽

Sajid Ali ◽

Muhammad Ijaz ◽

Muhammad Latif ◽

Maqshoof Ahmad ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Crop Yield ◽

Weed Management ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Control Measures ◽

Growth And Yield ◽

Primary Concern ◽

Herbicide Treatment ◽

Direct Seeded ◽

Hand Weeding

Weed management is a primary concern in direct seeded rice (DSR) cropping because weed growth becomes a major constraint on crop yield. A two year field study was set up to evaluate the effect of various weed control measures on crop growth, grain yield and grain quality of DSR. The dry seeded non flooded rice experiment involved five different weed control measures: hand weeding, hoeing, inter-row tine cultivation, inter-row spike hoeing and herbicide treatment (Nominee 100 SC). The extent of weed control (compared to a non-weeded control) ranged from 50-95%. The highest crop yield was obtained using hand weeding. Hand weeding, tine cultivation and herbicide treatment raised the number of fertile rice tillers formed per unit area and the thousand grain weight. Tine cultivation provided an effective and economical level of weed control in the DSR crop.

Download Full-text

Weed Control in Cucurbit Crops (Muskmelon, Cucumber, Squash, and Watermelon)

EDIS ◽

10.32473/edis-wg029-2007 ◽

2008 ◽

Vol 2008 (1) ◽

Author(s):

William M. Stall

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Weed Management ◽

Control Methods ◽

Mechanical Control ◽

Fact Sheet ◽

Crop Competition

Revised! HS-190, a 6-page fact sheet by William M. Stall, describes recommended weed control methods for Florida producers, describing crop competition, mechanical control, mulching, and herbicides. Includes a table of chemical weed controls for cucurbit crops in Florida. Published by the UF Department of Agronomy, November 2007. HS190/WG029: Weed Management in Cucurbit Crops (Muskmelon, Cucumber, Squash, and Watermelon) (ufl.edu)

Download Full-text

Application of oxyfluorfen and pendimethalin to control weeds on soybean plantation

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/951/1/012066 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 951 (1) ◽

pp. 012066

Author(s):

H Hasanuddin ◽

G Erida ◽

S Hafsah ◽

A Marliah ◽

Y Agustiawan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weed Control ◽

Crop Yield ◽

Weed Management ◽

Chemical Control ◽

Block Design ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Significant Loss ◽

Weed Species ◽

Weed Population ◽

Different Types

Abstract The appearance of weeds on crops has led to the significant loss of crop yield. Therefore, chemical control with herbicides has been an important tool for rapid and efficient weed management in crops. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of herbicides oxyfluorfen and pendimethalin against weeds on soybean plantation. This research employed Randomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) Factorial with 2 factors. The first factor was the type of herbicides: oxyfluorfen and pendimethalin. The second factor was herbicide doses: 0, 500, 1000, 1500 and 2000 g a.i ha-1, applied on soybean at 1 day after planting (DAP). The percentage of weed control, percentage of weed coverage, weed species, weed population, and weed dry weight were observed at 3, 5, 7 and 9 weeks after planting (WAP). The results revealed that different types and doses of herbicide applied has affected the percentage of weed control, percentage of weed coverage weed species and weed dry weight.

Download Full-text

Canopy Measurements as Predictors of Weed-Crop Competition

Weed Science ◽

10.1017/s0043174500094261 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 44 (3) ◽

pp. 511-516 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

J. I. Vitta ◽

C. Fernandez Quintanilla

Keyword(s):

Leaf Area ◽

Crop Yield ◽

Weed Management ◽

Yield Losses ◽

Weed Density ◽

Damage Coefficient ◽

Relative Damage ◽

Weed Cover ◽

Better Than ◽

Crop Competition

The development of weed management systems requires accurate prediction of weed-crop competition. In this paper, simple regression models of crop yield losses based on weed density and weed leaf area are compared. In weed leaf area models, variations in the relative damage coefficient (q) were also analyzed. Finally, three simple methods to assess weed cover were compared: visual, photographic, and optic device assessment. Leaf area models were at least as accurate as weed density models. However, the generality of the leaf area models was restricted by changes in q, according to the date of leaf area evaluation and the year. Although all methods to assess weed cover correlated adequately with weed leaf area, visual estimates were the best to predict crop yield losses perhaps because very low levels of weed leaf area could be distinguished visually better than by other methods.

Download Full-text

Evaluating the Competitive Ability of Semileafless Field Pea Cultivars

Weed Science ◽

10.1614/ws-d-15-00113.1 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 64 (1) ◽

pp. 137-145 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Cory E. Jacob ◽

Eric N. Johnson ◽

Miles F. Dyck ◽

Christian J. Willenborg

Keyword(s):

Pisum Sativum ◽

Crop Yield ◽

Weed Management ◽

Competitive Ability ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Field Pea ◽

Crop Rotations ◽

Integrated Weed Management ◽

Western Canada ◽

Cultivar Selection

The inclusion of competitive crop cultivars in crop rotations is an important integrated weed management (IWM) tool. However, competitiveness is often not considered a priority for breeding or cultivar selection by growers. Field pea (Pisum sativumL.) is often considered a poor competitor with weeds, but it is not known whether competitiveness varies among semileafless cultivars. The objectives of this study were to determine if semileafless field pea cultivars vary in their ability to compete and/or withstand competition, as well as to identify aboveground trait(s) that may be associated with increased competitive ability. Field experiments were conducted in 2012 and 2013 at three locations in western Canada. Fourteen semileafless field pea cultivars were included in the study representing four different market classes. Cultivars were grown either in the presence or absence of model weeds (wheat and canola), and competitive ability of the cultivars was determined based on their ability to withstand competition (AWC) and their ability to compete (AC). Crop yield, weed biomass and weed fecundity varied among sites but not years. Cultivars exhibited inconsistent differences in competitive ability, although cv. Reward consistently exhibited the lowest AC and AWC. None of the traits measured in this study correlated highly with competitive ability. However, the highest-yielding cultivars generally were those that had the highest AC, whereas cultivars that ranked highest for AWC were associated with lower weed fecundity. Ranking the competitive ability of field pea cultivars could be an important IWM tool for growers and agronomists.

Download Full-text

Exploring the Effects of Different Stubble Tillage Practices and Glyphosate Application Combined with the New Soil Residual Herbicide Cinmethylin against Alopecurus myosuroides Huds. in Winter Wheat

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy12010167 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 167

Author(s):

Miriam Hannah Messelhäuser ◽

Marcus Saile ◽

Bernd Sievernich ◽

Roland Gerhards

Keyword(s):

Winter Wheat ◽

Weed Control ◽

Weed Management ◽

Field Experiments ◽

Soil Tillage ◽

Effective Control ◽

Tillage Practices ◽

Alopecurus Myosuroides ◽

Crop Density ◽

Seedbed Preparation

Effective control of Alopecurus myosuroides Huds. (blackgrass) solely with a chemical treatment is not guaranteed anymore because populations exhibit resistance to almost all herbicide modes of action. Integrated weed management (IWM) against blackgrass is necessary to maintain high weed control efficacies in winter cereals. Four field experiments were conducted in Southwest Germany from 2018 to 2020 to control A. myosuroides with a combination of cultural and chemical methods. Stubble treatments, including flat, deep and inversion soil tillage; false seedbed preparation and glyphosate use, were combined with the application of the new pre-emergence herbicide cinmethylin in two rates in winter wheat. Average densities of A. myosuroides in the untreated control plots were up to 505 plants m−2. The combination of different stubble management strategies and the pre-emergence herbicide cinmethylin controlled 86–97% of A. myosuroides plants at the low rate and 95–100% at the high rate until 120 days after sowing. The different stubble tillage practices varied in their efficacy between trials and years. Most effective and consistent were pre-sowing glyphosate application on the stubble and stale seedbed preparation with a disc harrow. Stubble treatments increased winter wheat density in the first year but had no effect on crop density in the second year. Pre-emergence application of cinmethylin did not reduce winter wheat densities. Multiple tactics of weed control, including stubble treatments and pre-emergence application of cinmethylin, provided higher and more consistent control of A. myosuroides. Integration of cultural weed management could prevent the herbicide resistance development.

Download Full-text