Material and shape crash-box influence on the evaluation of the impact energy absorption capacity during a vehicle collision

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Jiga ◽  
Ştefan Stamin ◽  
Gabriela Dinu ◽  
Daniel Vlăsceanu ◽  
Dorina Popovici
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Impact Energy ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Energy Absorption Capacity ◽  
Vehicle Collision ◽  
The Impact

Effect of Graphene Platelets/Fiber on Plastics Nanocomposites under Low-Velocity Impact Response

2016 ◽  
Vol 852 ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
S. Subha ◽  
Battu Sai Krishna ◽  
Dalbir Singh ◽  
R. Gokulnath
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Impact Energy ◽  
Laminate Plate ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Impact Response ◽  
Low Velocity Impact ◽  
Low Velocity ◽  
Energy Absorption Capacity ◽  
Velocity Impact ◽  
The Impact

In this study, an attempt has made to explore the low-velocity impact response of a Carbon/epoxy laminate (CFRP) and E-Glass/epoxy laminates (GFRP). The composite was reinforced with Graphene Nanoplatelets (GnPs) and impact energy absorption capacity was studied. The plain GFRP and plain CFRP were served as a baseline for comparison. These composite laminate plates were fabricated using hand layup technique. The tests were carried out on the laminate plate as per ASTM D5628 FD. Impact tests were performed using a specially designed vertical drop-weight testing machine with an impactor mass of 1.926 kg. The result shows that laminate plate reinforced with GnPs reinforcement enhances the impact energy absorption capacity of the composites almost 4.5 % in the case Carbon/epoxy laminate and 3.5 % in the case of and E-glass/epoxy laminate. The enhanced impact resistance could be attributed to increased interlaminar fracture toughness of the fibres.

Study on Ballistic Characteristics of Glass-Epoxy-Rubber Sandwiches

2020 ◽  
Vol 978 ◽  
pp. 245-249
Author(s):  
Rajole Sangamesh ◽  
Hiremath Shivashankar ◽  
K.S. Ravishankar ◽  
S.M. Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Experimental Validation ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Velocity Variation ◽  
Ballistic Limit ◽  
Ballistic Performance ◽  
Energy Absorption Capacity ◽  
Ballistic Limit Velocity ◽  
The Impact

This article focuses on the Finite Element (FE) analysis of the ballistic performance of the polymer composites consisting of natural rubber (NR), glass-epoxy (GE) and glass-rubber-epoxy (GRE) sandwich of different thicknesses (3, 6 and 9 mm) under the impact of the conical nose projectile for a velocity variation of (180, 220 and 260 m / s). FE modeling was carried out in direction to forecast the energy absorption, ballistic limit velocity and failure damage mode of the target materail. The significant influence of thickness, interlayer and sandwiching effect was studied: the lowest ballistic limit was obtained for 3 mm thick GE. Energy absorption capacity of GRE sandwich was highest among the natural rubber and GE. In future, the work can be extended for the experimental validation purpose, so that these polymer composite materials could be utilized to defence sector for bullet-proofing.

Full-Scale Testing and Performance Evaluation of Rockfall Concrete Barriers

2015 ◽  
Vol 2522 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anil Patnaik ◽  
Abdisa Musa ◽  
Srikanth Marchetty ◽  
Robert Liang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Impact Energy ◽  
Impact Loading ◽  
Structural Integrity ◽  
Precast Concrete ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Energy Absorption Capacity ◽  
Single Impact ◽  
Concrete Barriers

Rockfall hazards are present throughout the state of Ohio. The Ohio Department of Transportation (DOT) employs Test Level 3 standard concrete barriers along the edges of roadways to contain rockfalls in high-risk areas. The performance of these barriers under impact from rocks on the ditch side and their effectiveness for rockfall catchment are relatively unknown. Full-scale impact tests were performed on concrete barriers to simulate the effects of impacts from rocks of various sizes and shapes. Numerous impacts were made at different sections and levels of the barriers to test their structural integrity and energy absorption capacity. The results from this study revealed that 32-in.-high precast concrete barriers with current Ohio DOT details had an impact energy absorption capacity of up to 24 kJ under a single impact. The corresponding energy absorption capacity of 42-in.-high cast-in-place concrete barriers was about 56 kJ under a single impact. Moreover, these barriers experienced severe cracking and spalling of concrete under impact loading. Several design modifications were studied in this test program. These modifications included reducing the spacing of rebars and rebar sizes, using welded wire fabric, and using different types of fibers in the concrete. The tests conducted on the modified concrete barriers showed an impact energy increase of more than 100% with the modifications suggested in this study. Barriers made from the modified designs also experienced significantly reduced extent and severity of cracking and a reduction in spalling and splashing of concrete under impact loading.

scholarly journals Post Tensioned CFRP tubes for improved energy absorption

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Venkateswarlu Gattineni ◽  
◽  
Venukumar Nathi ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Impact Energy ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Energy Absorption Capacity ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Simulation Techniques ◽  
Thin Tube ◽  
Post Tensioning ◽  
Cfrp Tubes ◽  
Post Tensioned

Thin-walled tubes made of CFRP (Carbon fiber reinforced Polymer) are being increasingly used as CC (Crush Cans) due to their higher specific energy absorption capacity in the automotive domain for absorbing impact energy during a frontal crash. Finite element analysis (FEA) based computational methods have matured over the years with increased accuracy and acceptable correlation with experimental results. FEA-based computational studies when used appropriately can reduce the number of physical tests and prototypes required besides accelerating the overall cycle design time. The present work proposes an FEA based design validation approach for the evaluation of post-tensioned crush can design that can absorb more impact energy compared to a normal CFRP thin tube. The FEM based method uses a combination of multiple simulation techniques to predict the behavior of a post-tensioned tube. The post-tensioning in the present work has been proposed in the form of internal pressure for the thin tube. It was found that a safe value of pressure, when applied as a post-tensioning load, can improve the energy absorption capacity without increasing the weight of the tube.

Impact Behavior of Apus Bamboo (Gigantochloa apus) Fiber/Epoxy Green Composites

2015 ◽  
Vol 758 ◽  
pp. 83-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudarisman ◽  
Budi Nur Rahman Muhammad ◽  
Andi Bagus Prabowo
Keyword(s):  
Impact Strength ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Fiber Composite ◽  
General Purpose ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Bamboo Fiber ◽  
Impact Behavior ◽  
Energy Absorption Capacity ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Composite Samples

The objective of this work is to investigate the impact behavior of bamboo fiber/epoxy composites. The test was carried out in accordance with the ASTM D5941 Izod impact test standard. Whilst the fiber was obtained from local bamboo the matrix being used is Eposchon general purpose Bisphenol A-epichlorohydrin epoxy resin mixed with Eposchon general purpose Polyaminoamide epoxy hardener. The specimens were cut from nine bamboo fiber/epoxy composite panels. Each panel contains either random or unidirectional fiber orientation of four different volume fraction,i.e. 10, 20, 30 and 40%, of fiber, along with a pure epoxy, without fiber, panel board as reference. According to the adopted standard, the specimens are of prismatic bars of 85 [mm] long × 10 [mm] wide × 5 [mm] thick. Photo macrographs of selected samples were analyzed to describe their failure modes. It was revealed that both the impact strength and energy absorption capacity of the samples increase with the increase of fiber content up to 40%, for both unidirectional and randomly oriented fiber arrangement. In addition, unidirectional fiber composite samples show higher values in both impact strength and energy absorption capacity (0.162 [J.mm-2] and 8.5 [J], respectively) in comparison with those of randomly oriented fiber composite samples (0.144 [J.mm-2] and 7.6 [J], respectively).

scholarly journals Impact Energy Consumption of High-Volume Rubber Concrete with Silica Fume

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Hai-long Li ◽  
Ying Xu ◽  
Pei-yuan Chen ◽  
Jin-jin Ge ◽  
Fan Wu
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Silica Fume ◽  
Impact Energy ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Rubberized Concrete ◽  
Energy Absorption Capacity ◽  
Fine Aggregates

Adding rubber to concrete aims to solve the environmental pollution problem caused by waste rubber and to improve the energy absorption and impact resistance of concrete. In this paper, recycled rubber particles were used to replace fine aggregates in Portland cement concrete to combine the elasticity of rubber with the compression resistance of concrete. Fine aggregates in the concrete mixes were partially replaced with 0%, 20%, 40%, and 60% rubber by volume, and the cement in the concrete mixes was replaced with 0%, 5%, and 10% of silica fume by mass. The properties of the concrete specimens were examined through compressive strength, splitting tensile strength, flexural loading, and rebound tests. Results show that the compressive strength of concrete and the splitting tensile strength decreased to 11.81 and 1.31 MPa after adding silica fume to enhance the strength 37.8% and 23.7%, respectively, and the dosage of rubber was 60%. With the addition of rubber, the impact energy of rubberized concrete was 2.39 times higher than that of ordinary concrete, while its energy absorption capacity was 9.46% higher. The addition of silica fume increased its impact energy by 3.06 times, but the energy absorption capacity did not change significantly. In summary, the RC60SF10 can be used on non-load-bearing structures with high impact resistance requirements. A scanning electron microscope was used to examine and analyze the microstructural properties of rubberized concrete.

High-Performance Impact-Resistant Concrete Mixture for Transportation Infrastructure Applications

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (12) ◽  
pp. 628-635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamal Baral ◽  
Jovan Tatar ◽  
Qian Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Impact Resistance ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Flexural Behavior ◽  
Cementitious Composites ◽  
Repeated Impact ◽  
Energy Absorption Capacity ◽  
Transportation Infrastructures ◽  
The Impact

Engineered cementitious composites (ECC) is a class of high-performance fiber-reinforced cementitious composites featuring metal-like strain-hardening behavior under tension and high ductility. The highly ductile behavior of ECC often results in high impact resistance and energy absorption capacity, which make ECC suitable for applications in structures that are prone to impact damages, like exterior bridge girders, bridge piers, and crash barriers. In a recent study, a new ECC mixture has been developed using domestically available polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers and regular river sand in replacement of imported PVA fibers and fine silica sand that are normally used in other ECC mixtures. The newly developed mixture, with improved local accessibility of raw materials, enables structural-scale applications of ECC in transportation infrastructures. To evaluate the suitability of the mixture for impact-resistant structures, in this paper, the tensile and flexural behavior of the newly developed material were characterized under pseudo-static loading and high strain-rate loadings up to 10−1 s−1. Direct drop-weight impact test was also conducted to assess the impact resistance and energy absorption capacity of the material. It was ensured that the ECC mixture maintains high tensile strain capacity above 1.8% under all tested strain rates. Regarding the damage characteristics, energy absorption capacity and load-bearing capacity during repeated impact loadings, ECC was found to have 75% higher energy dissipation capacity compared with regular reinforced concrete specimens and superior damage tolerance. The research results demonstrated that the newly developed ECC has a great potential to improve the impact resistance of transportation infrastructures.

Novel Design of Impact Attenuator for an 'Eco Challenge' Car

2012 ◽  
Vol 165 ◽  
pp. 237-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amir Radzi Ab Ghani ◽  
Ramlan Kasiran ◽  
Mohd Shahriman Adenan ◽  
Mohd Haniff Mat ◽  
Rizal Effendy Mohd Nasir ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Impact Energy ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Flat Plates ◽  
Final Design ◽  
High Energy Absorption ◽  
Energy Absorbing ◽  
Long Stroke ◽  
The Impact

Thin-walled metallic tubular structures are generally used as impact energy absorber in automotive structures due to their ease of fabrication and installation, high energy absorption capacity and long stroke. However, unlike a normal passenger car where the impact energy can be distributed throughout the whole structure, the impact energy absorbing system of an Eco-Challenge car is confined within a limited space on the front bulkhead. The challenge is to develop an impact attenuator system that can effectively absorb the impact energy within the given space and fulfil the specified rate of deceleration. This new design utilized the standard Aluminium 6063 circular tubes, cut and welded into specific configurations i.e. stacked toroidal tubes with central axial tube sandwiched between two flat plates. Two configurations were investigated; circular and square toroids. Explicit non-linear FEA software was used to determine the impact response i.e. energy absorption, impact force and rate of deceleration. Both configurations showed promising results but the configuration that can be readily fabricated was chosen as the final design.

Evaluation Method of Seismic Performance Using Energy Absorption Capacity

2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Nobuyoshi Yamaguchi ◽  
Chikahiro Minowa
Keyword(s):  
Energy Absorption ◽  
Seismic Performance ◽  
Evaluation Method ◽  
Absorption Capacity ◽  
Energy Absorption Capacity
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document