Elastin-derived peptide VGVAPG affects the proliferation of mouse cortical astrocytes with the involvement of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (Ahr), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (Pparγ), and elastin-binding protein (EBP)

Cytokine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 154930 ◽  
Author(s):  
Konrad A. Szychowski ◽  
Jan Gmiński
Keyword(s):  
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Aryl Hydrocarbon ◽  
Cortical Astrocytes ◽  
Elastin Binding Protein

scholarly journals Deletion of the Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor-associated Protein 9 Leads to Cardiac Malformation and Embryonic Lethality

2007 ◽  
Vol 282 (49) ◽  
pp. 35924-35932 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernice C. Lin ◽  
Ruth Sullivan ◽  
Youngsook Lee ◽  
Susan Moran ◽  
Edward Glover ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor ◽  
Cardiac Development ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Homozygous Deletion ◽  
Embryonic Lethality ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Receptor Associated Protein ◽  
Aryl Hydrocarbon

The aryl hydrocarbon receptor-associated protein 9, ARA9 (also known as XAP2 or AIP1), is a chaperone that is found in complexes with certain xenobiotic receptors, such as the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) and the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα). In an effort to better understand the physiological role of ARA9 outside of its role in xenobiotic signal transduction, we generated a null allele at the Ara9 locus in mice. Mice with a homozygous deletion of this gene die at various time points throughout embryonic development. Embryonic lethality is accompanied by decreased blood flow to head and limbs, as well as a range of heart deformations, including double outlet right ventricle, ventricular-septal defects, and pericardial edema. The early cardiovascular defects observed in Ara9-null mice suggest an essential role for the ARA9 protein in cardiac development. The observation that the developmental aberrations in Ara9-null mice are distinct from those observed for disrupted alleles at Ahr or Pparα indicates that the role of ARA9 in cardiac development is independent of its interactions with its known xenobiotic receptor partners.

scholarly journals Modulation of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR)-dependent signaling by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor β/δ (PPARβ/δ) in keratinocytes

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 1602-1612 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael G. Borland ◽  
Prasad Krishnan ◽  
Christina Lee ◽  
Prajakta P. Albrecht ◽  
Weiwei Shan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Aryl Hydrocarbon

scholarly journals The Impact of Anthocyanins and Iridoids on Transcription Factors Crucial for Lipid and Cholesterol Homeostasis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 6074
Author(s):  
Maciej Danielewski ◽  
Agnieszka Matuszewska ◽  
Adam Szeląg ◽  
Tomasz Sozański
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Regulatory Element ◽  
Cholesterol Homeostasis ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Cell Functions ◽  
The Impact

Nutrition determines our health, both directly and indirectly. Consumed foods affect the functioning of individual organs as well as entire systems, e.g., the cardiovascular system. There are many different diets, but universal guidelines for proper nutrition are provided in the WHO healthy eating pyramid. According to the latest version, plant products should form the basis of our diet. Many groups of plant compounds with a beneficial effect on human health have been described. Such groups include anthocyanins and iridoids, for which it has been proven that their consumption may lead to, inter alia, antioxidant, cholesterol and lipid-lowering, anti-obesity and anti-diabetic effects. Transcription factors directly affect a number of parameters of cell functions and cellular metabolism. In the context of lipid and cholesterol metabolism, five particularly important transcription factors can be distinguished: liver X receptor (LXR), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPAR-α), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), CCAAT/enhancer binding protein α (C/EBPα) and sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c). Both anthocyanins and iridoids may alter the expression of these transcription factors. The aim of this review is to collect and systematize knowledge about the impact of anthocyanins and iridoids on transcription factors crucial for lipid and cholesterol homeostasis.

scholarly journals Traditional Herbal Formula Oyaksungi-San Inhibits Adipogenesis in 3T3-L1 Adipocytes

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sae-Rom Yoo ◽  
Chang-Seob Seo ◽  
Hyeun-Kyoo Shin ◽  
Soo-Jin Jeong
Keyword(s):  
Binding Protein ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Herbal Formula ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Gpdh Activity ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Intracellular Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Glycerol 3 Phosphate Dehydrogenase

Background. Oyaksungi-san (OYSGS) is a herbal formula that has been used for treating cardiovascular diseases in traditional Asian medicine. Here, we investigated the antiadipogenic effect of OYSGS extract in 3T3-L1 adipose cells.Methods. 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were differentiated into adipocytes with or without OYSGS. After differentiation, we measured Oil Red O staining, glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GPDH) activity, leptin production, mRNA, and protein levels of adipogenesis-related factors.Results. OYSGS extract dramatically inhibited intracellular lipid accumulation in the differentiated adipocytes. It also significantly suppressed the (GPDH) activity, triglyceride (TG) content, and leptin production by reducing the expression of adipogenesis-related genes including lipoprotein lipase, fatty acid binding protein 4, CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-alpha (C/EBP-α), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ). Furthermore, OYSGS clearly enhanced phosphorylation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) as well as its substrate acetyl CoA (ACC) carboxylase.Conclusions. Our results demonstrate that OYSGS negatively controls TG accumulation in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. We suggest antiadipogenic activity of OYSGS and its potential benefit in preventing obesity.

scholarly journals Lipid Metabolism Gene Expression And Cellularity of Intramuscular Adipocytes Within The Longissimus Muscle of Angus- And Wagyu-Sired Cattle When Raised To A Similar Age or Body Weight

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerad Jaborek ◽  
Francis Fluharty ◽  
Kichoon Lee ◽  
Henry Zerby ◽  
Alejandro Relling
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Binding Protein ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator ◽  
Longissimus Muscle ◽  
Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor ◽  
Lipid Metabolism Gene ◽  
Metabolism Gene

Abstract Background: This study investigates intramuscular (IM) adipocyte development and growth in the Longissimus muscle (LM) between Wagyu- and Angus-sired steers compared at a similar age and days on feed (DOF) endpoint or similar body weight (BW) endpoint by measuring IM adipocyte cell area and lipid metabolism gene expression. Methods: Angus-sired steers (AN, n=6) were compared with steers from two different Wagyu sires, selected for either growth or marbling, to be compared at a similar DOF (WA-GD, n=5 and WA-MD, n=5) in experiment 1 or BW (WA-GB, n=4 and WA-MB, n=5) in experiment 2, respectively. Results: In experiment 1, WA-MD steers had a greater percentage of IM fat in the LM compared with AN and WA-GD steers. In experiment 2, WA-MB steers had a greater percentage of IM fat in the LM compared with AN and WA-GB steers. The distribution of IM adipocyte area was unimodal at all biopsy collections, with IM adipocyte area becoming progressively larger as cattle age and BW increased (P≤0.01). Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor delta (PPARd) was upregulated earlier for WA-MD and WA-MB cattle compared with other steers at a similar age and BW (P≤0.02; treatment×biopsy interaction). An earlier upregulation of PPARd is believed to have then upregulated peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPARg) at a lesser BW for WA-MB steers (P=0.09; treatment×biopsy interaction), while WA-MD steers had a greater (P≤0.04) overall mean PPARg expression compared with other steers. Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase, lipin 1, and hormone sensitive lipase demonstrated expression patterns similar to PPARg and PPARd or CCAAT enhancer binding protein beta, which emphasizes their importance in marbling development and growth. Additionally, WA-MD and WA-MB steers often had a greater early expression of fatty acid transporters (fatty acid transport protein 1; P<0.02; treatment×biopsy interaction) and binding proteins (fatty acid binding protein 4) compared with other steers. With many lipolytic genes upregulated at harvest, acetyl-CoA carboxylase beta may be inhibiting fatty acid oxidation in the LM to allow greater IM fat accumulation.Conclusions: Cattle with a greater marbling propensity appear to upregulate adipogenesis at a lesser maturity through PPARd, PPARg, and possibly adipogenic regulating compounds in lysophosphatidic acid and diacylglycerol.

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